Citizenship granted in this fashion is referred to by the Latin phrase jus sanguinis meaning " right of blood " and means that citizenship is granted based on ancestry or ethnicity, and is related to the concept of a nation state common in Europe.

Citizenship granted in this fashion is referred to by the Latin phrase jus soli meaning " right of soil ".

Citizenship can also be obtained by marrying a citizen, which is termed jure matrimonii.

" Citizenship is seen by most scholars as culture-specific, in the sense that the meaning of the term varies considerably from culture to culture, and over time.

Citizenship is a status in society.

Citizenship as a concept is generally hard to isolate intellectually and compare with related political notions, since it relates to many other aspects of society such as the family, military service, the individual, freedom, religion, ideas of right and wrong, ethnicity, and patterns for how a person should behave in society.

Citizenship at this level is a secondary concept, with rights deriving from national citizenship.

Article 17 ( 1 ) of the Treaty on European Union stated that: Citizenship of the Union is hereby established.

* Citizenship is a compulsory subject of the National Curriculum in state schools in England for all pupils aged 11 – 16.

* Citizenship is not taught as a discrete subject in Scottish schools, but is a cross-curricular strand of the Curriculum for Excellence.

Citizenship in Genosha is permanent and the government does not recognize any emigration.

Citizenship is tightly linked to the deme, for each deme keeps the roll of those within its jurisdiction, who are admitted to citizenship.

Relevant Indian legislation is the Citizenship Act 1955, which has been amended by the Citizenship ( Amendment ) Act 1986, the Citizenship ( Amendment ) Act 1992, the Citizenship ( Amendment ) Act 2003, and the Citizenship ( Amendment ) Ordinance 2005.

Chapter 2 of the South African Citizenship Act, enacted on October 6, 1995, defines who is considered a naturalized citizen at the time of the act and also outlines the naturalization process for future immigrants.

Citizenship, itself, is often considered as the basis for having legal rights, and has been defined as the " right to have rights ".

As the embodiment of the state, the monarch tops the Canadian order of precedence and is also the locus of oaths of allegiance, required of many of the aforementioned employees of the Crown, as well as by new citizens, as per the Oath of Citizenship laid out in the Citizenship Act.

However, just two days prior to her Oath of Citizenship, she changed her mind and instead adopted Polish citizenship, offered to her by the Polish consulate in New York.

Master ’ s degrees are offered in Advertising ; Arts Journalism ; Broadcast and Digital Journalism ; Documentary Film and History ( joint program with Syracuse University ’ s College of Visual and Performing Arts ); Magazine, Newspaper and Online Journalism ; Media Management ; Media Studies ; Photography ; Public Diplomacy ( joint program with Syracuse University ’ s Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs ); Public Relations ; and Television-Radio-Film.

In 2006, the Fraser Institute issued a report, Canada's Inadequate Response to Terrorism: The Need for Policy Reform, suggesting that the Citizenship Act be amended so that the Oath of Citizenship included a provision wherein the new citizen offered loyalty to Canadian values, with violation of this oath punishable by deportation.

: The Cultivation of General Literature and Social Culture, the Advancement and Encouragement of Intellectual Excellence, the Promotion of Honorable Friendship and Useful Citizenship, the Development of a Spirit of Tolerance and Respect for the Rights and Views of Others, the Maintenance of Gentlemanly Dignity, Self-Respect, and Morality in All Circumstances, and the Union of Stout Hearts and Kindred Interests to Secure to Merit its Due Reward.

As commented in Jean-Jacques Rousseau's 1762 book The Social Contract, " Citizenship is the expression of a sublime reciprocity between individual and General will " ( Schama ; 1989 ; 354 ).

The Awards recognize written and artistic works in 30 categories, including Architecture, Comic Art, Ceramics & Glass, Digital Art, Design, Drawing, Fashion, Film & Animation, Jewelry, Mixed Media, Painting, Photography, Printmaking, Sculpture, Video Games, Art Portfolio, Photography Portfolio, Dramatic Script, Humor, Journalism, Personal Essay / Memoir, Persuasive Writing, Poetry, Novel Writing, Science Fiction / Fantasy, Short Story, Short, Short Story, General Writing Portfolio, Nonfiction Portfolio, and Creativity & Citizenship.

*** Assistant Deputy Attorney General, Citizenship, Immigration and Public Safety Portfolio

* Delta Kappa Epsilon: The Cultivation of General Literature and Social Culture, the Advancement and Encouragement of Intellectual Excellence, the Promotion of Honorable Friendship and Useful Citizenship, the Development of a Spirit of Tolerance and Respect for the Rights and Views of Others, the Maintenance of Gentlemanly Dignity, Self-Respect, and Morality in All Circumstances, and the Union of Stout Hearts and Kindred Interests to Secure to Merit its Due Reward.

In 1958, she became Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, and from 1962 until her defeat in 1963, she was Postmaster General.

Since retiring from public service, Beasley has been engaged in community initiatives, including the Institute for Canadian Citizenship, an organization created by former Governor General Adrienne Clarkson following her term of office.

He was Minister of Citizenship and Immigration ( 1963 – 1964 ), Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada ( 1964 – 1965 ), President of the Privy Council ( 1965 – 1967 ), and Registrar General of Canada ( 1966 – 1967 ).

The certificate is prepared by the Canadian Security Intelligence Service ( CSIS ) and signed by the Solicitor General of Canada, currently the Minister of Public Safety, and the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration when a non-citizen, either a permanent resident, refugee or foreign national located in Canada, is deemed to be inadmissible on the grounds that the subject is suspected to be a threat to national security, or has violated human rights abroad, or is involved with organized crime.

Distinguished Service Award, by the Family Law Section of the North Carolina Bar Association, in 1981 ; Governor's Award as Legislator of the Year, by the North Carolina Wildlife Federation, in 1985 ; Award of Excellence, by the Triangle J Council of Governments, in 1985 ; Distinguished Service Award, by the Research Triangle Group of the Sierra Club, in 1986 ; Service Award, by the Orange-Chatham Alliance for the Mentally Ill ; Triangle Conservation Award, by the Triangle Land Conservancy, in 1987 ; Consumer Advocate of the Year, by the North Carolina Consumers Council, in 1987 ; Honorary Citizenship of the City of Raleigh, by Mayor Avery Upchurch, in 1987, for efforts in the passage of the phosphate detergent limitation ; Resolution of Appreciation, by the Governor's Crime Commission, in 1987 ; Service Award, by the Joint Orange Chatham Community Action, Inc. Board of Directors, in 1988 ; Service Award, by the North Carolina Chapter of the Sierra Club, in 1988 ; Legislative Award, by the North Carolina Chapter, American Planning Association, in 1989 ; Legislative Award, by the N. C. Chapter of the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the N. C. Pediatric Society, in 1989 ; Appreciation Award, by the Chatham County Advisory Council of the North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, in 1990 ; " Best Bets For 1990 ", by the Center For Policy Alternatives, Sustainable Growth Program, in 1990, " For Leadership in Reducing Environmental Hazards by Sponsoring Legislation to Establish Free Disposal Sites for Used Tires "; Service Award, by the Environmental Quality and Natural Resources Committee of the Southern Legislative Conference, in 1991, " In Appreciation For His Outstanding Leadership As Chairman .... 1989-1991 "; Recycling Merit Award, by the North Carolina Recycling Association in 1991 ; Appreciation Award, by the North Carolina Property Mappers Association, in 1993 ; Jake Alexander Public Service Award, by Mothers Against Drunk Driving, Students Against Driving Drunk, and the Governor's Highway Safety Program, in 1993 ; Distinguished Service Award, by the Family Law Section of the North Carolina Bar Association, in 1996 ; Legislator of the Year, by North Carolina Citizen Action, for " your years of outstanding leadership and dedication to the fair protection of North Carolina families, workers and environment ", in 1996 ; Certificate of Commendation, by the North Carolina Psychiatric Association, for " persistence and legislative commitment to improving mental health in North Carolina ", in 1997 ; Governor's Award as Legislator of the Year, by the North Carolina Wildlife Federation, in 1998 ; Friend of Education Award, by the Chapel Hill-Carrboro Association of Educators, in 1999 ; Public Service Award, by the Child Care Services Association, for " outstanding advocacy and service on behalf of young children and their families ", in 2003.

For decades the Canadian Government issued both a commemorative certificate of Canadian Citizenship and a Credit Card sized Certificate commonly called a Canadian Citizenship Card, which featured a photograph of the Canadian, along with biographical information such as name, hight and eye colour.

They may also apply for a passport or a Certificate of Citizenship to have their citizenship recognized.

Mari Brás after receiving the first Certificate of Citizenship of Puerto Rico, September 14, 2007

The judge then presents each new citizen their Certificate of Citizenship.

Mrs. Farndale has been the recipient of many awards: the Ontario Crafts Council John Mather award for Lifetime Achievement ; a 10-year volunteer service award winner from the Ontario Ministry of Citizenship, Culture and Communications ; the Paul Harris Fellow Award winner from the Rotary International Club of Port Perry ; a 125th Anniversary of the Confederation of Canada Medal and an International Year of the Volunteer Certificate of Honour recipient from Lakeridge Health Corporation.

* Circles, PSHE and Citizenship in Secondary Schools by Marilyn Tew, Hilary Potter and Mary Read

The Citizenship Education Schools coordinated by Septima Clark with assistance from Bernice Robinson spread widely throughout the South and helped thousands of Blacks register to vote.

Among his more pretentious works are: A Digest of All the Reported Cases ... of Conn. ( 2 vols., 1871, 1882 ), Cases on Railroad Law ( 1896 ), Modern Political Institutions ( 1898 ), American Railroad Law ( 1904 ), The American Judiciary ( 1905 ), The Relations of Education to Citizenship ( 1912 ), Life and Letters of Simeon Baldwin ( 1919 ), The Young Man and the Law ( 1919 ).

The Object of the Sigma Phi Delta Fraternity shall be to promote the advancement of the Engineering Profession ; to foster the advancement of Engineering Education ; to instill a greater spirit of cooperation among Engineering students and organizations ; to inculcate in its members the highest ideals of Virtuous manhood, good Citizenship, obedience to Law, and Brotherhood ; and to encourage excellence in Scholarship.

Emil Constantinescu is the current president of the Institute for Cultural Diplomacy Academy for Cultural Diplomacy, of the Association of Citizenship Education, of the Romanian Foundation for Democracy and also the founding president of the Institute for Regional Cooperation and Conflict Prevention ( INCOR ).

* Education for Citizenship: Resource Pack for Schools " by Philip Hope, 1991, The Children's Society, ISBN 0-907324-59-2

Prior to that she was Minister for Education and Lifelong Learning where she introduced a new Foundation Phase for 3-7 year olds, the Welsh Baccalaureate and Education for Sustainable Development and Global Citizenship ( ESDGC ) into the Welsh curriculum.

Devoted to nonpartisan Civics, Citizenship and Values Education Programs, Projects and Awards the CEFA charity empowers young Australians to become knowledgeable, responsible and engaged participants in the Australian community.

Klees increased his profile during the campaign, and is currently the Progressive Conservative Critic for Education and Citizenship & Immigration in the Legislature as well as a member of the Justice Committee.

Hardgrave served as Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Affairs from 2001 to 2004, Minister for Vocational and Technical Education since October 2004 to early 2007 and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister from 7 October 2003 to 30 January 2007.

State of Maine Department of Education, American Association of Intensive English Programs, and the U. S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.

* the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study ( ICCS ),

* International Civic and Citizenship Education Study

* The Ministry of Education, Citizenship and Youth became the Ministry of Education

After the election, Bjornson was appointed as Manitoba's Minister of Education, Citizenship and Youth.

Each student is required to study English, Mathematics, Science, History, Geography and Australian Civics and Citizenship and Personal Development, Health and Physical Education ( PD / H / PE ) every year in Years 7-10.

In addition to academic subjects, all Junior students take part in activities and games programmes, as well as Social, Personal and Citizenship Education ( SPACE or PSCHE ( Personal Social Citizenship Health Education )).

In his article “ Education for Global Citizenship ”, Appiah outlines his conception of cosmopolitanism.

He was handily re-elected in 2007 and is currently the NDP critic for Education, Training, Colleges and Universities, Culture, Tourism and Recreation, Multiculturalism, Citizenship and Immigration, and Disabilities.