Athenians of the Classical age were aware that the festival was of great antiquity ; Walter Burkert points out that the mythic reflection of this is the Attic founder-king Theseus ' release of Ariadne to Dionysus, but this is no longer considered a dependable sign that the festival had been celebrated in the Minoan period.

Eventually, literary Attic ( and the classic texts written in it ) came to be widely studied far beyond its original homeland, first in the Classical civilizations of the Mediterranean ( Ancient Rome and the Hellenistic world ), and later in the Muslim world, Europe, and wherever European civilization spread to other parts of the world.

The Attic Greek of the philosopher Aristotle ( 384-322 BC ), whose mentor was Plato, dates from the period of transition from Classical Attic to koine.

But Proto-Greek long ā → Attic ē after w ( digamma ), deleted by Classical Period.

Early Attic-Ionic ss → Classical Attic s.

* Classical ( Attic ) Greek Online

His literary style was Atticistic — imitating Classical Attic Greek in its prime.

The modern pronunciation was, in all likelihood, established in the Hellenistic age and may have already been a common practice in Classical Attic ; for example, it could count as one or two consonants metrically in Attic drama.

* The transcriptions from Persian by Xenophon and testimony by grammarians support the pronunciation in Classical Attic.

Classical Athens | Attic relief ( 4th century BCE ) depicting an aulos player and his family standing before Dionysos and a female consort, with theatrical masks displayed above.

The Hellenic calendar — or more properly, the Hellenic calendars, for there was no uniform calendar imposed upon all of Classical Greece — began in most Greek states between Autumn and Winter except the Attic calendar, which began in June.

* Classical Greek ( Attic dialect of the 5th c. BC )

Atticism was portrayed as a return to Classical methods after what was perceived as the pretentious style of the Hellenistic, Sophist rhetoric and called for a return to the approaches of the Attic orators.

Renaissance scholarship, the basis of modern scholarship in the west, nurtured strong Classical and Attic views, continuing Atticism for another four centuries.

Similar depictions of wrestling techniques are found on Attic vases dating to Classical Greece.

During the Classical Antiquity, it was known as Nauplia ( Ναυπλία ) in Attic Greek and Naupliē ( Ναυπλιη ) in Ionian Greek ..

Heracles and Ares fight over the corpse of Cycnus, in the lower register an animal frieze, signed by the potter Kolchos, attributed to the painter Lydos, Attic wine jug, c. 560 BC, found in Vulci, now in the Berlin Collection of Classical Antiquities, Altes Museum

Thus, while it remains possible that the Babylonians and/or the Pythagoreans may perhaps have had the magic square of three before the Chinese did, more definite evidence will have to turn up from the Middle East or the Classical World before China can lose her claim to the earliest known magic square by more than a thousand years.

In 1985 Classical historian Georg Luck, in his Arcana Mundi: Magic and the Occult in the Greek and Roman Worlds, theorised that the origins of the Witch-cult may have appeared in late antiquity as a faith primarily designed to worship the Horned God, stemming from the merging of Cernunnos, a horned god of the Celts, with the Greco-Roman Pan / Faunus, a combination of gods which he posits created a new deity, around which the remaining pagans, those refusing to convert to Christianity, rallied and that this deity provided the prototype for later Christian conceptions of the Devil, and his worshippers were cast by the Church as witches.

One may say that Diophantus was studying rational points — i. e., points whose coordinates are rational — on curves and algebraic varieties ; however, unlike the Greeks of the Classical period, who did what we would now call basic algebra in geometrical terms, Diophantus did what we would now call basic algebraic geometry in purely algebraic terms.

Classical Jewish rabbinical literature contains quotes that may be seen as both laudatory and derogatory of women.

It is considered part of the Classical era, although depending on the region being studied, other terms may be more proper ( for instance, if regarding only the Eastern Mediterranean, it would best be called part of the Hellenistic period ).

A common interpretation today is that Atlas was forced to hold the Earth on his shoulders, but Classical art shows Atlas holding the celestial spheres, not a globe ; the solidity of the marble globe born by the renowned Farnese Atlas may have aided the conflation, reinforced in the 16th century by the developing usage of atlas to describe a corpus of terrestrial maps.

A graffito at Pompeii reads quisque ama valia, which in Classical Latin would read quisquis amat valeat (" may whoever loves be strong / do well ").

Classical calligraphy differs from typography and non-classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may create all of these ; characters are historically disciplined yet fluid and spontaneous, at the moment of writing ( Pott 2006 and 2005 ; Zapf 2007 and 2006 ).

Another mythological reference appeared with the term pes hippocampi, which may date back to Diemerbroeck in 1672, introducing a comparison with the shape of the folded back forelimbs and webbed feet of the Classical hippocampus ( Greek: ἱππόκαμπος ), a sea monster with a horse's forequarters and a fish's tail.

The history of Greece during Classical Antiquity may thus be subdivided into the following periods:

When John L. Caskey of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens outlined the results of his excavations at Lerna from 1952 up until 1958, he stated that the hallmarks of Middle Helladic culture ( i. e. Gray Minyan ware and the fast potter's wheel ) may have originated from Early Helladic III.

The goddess Tethys, who may have been a primordial deity of Archaic Greece, and in Classical myths was described as the mother who oversaw the chief rivers of the world known to the Greeks – mid-fourth-century mosaic – Shahba | Philipopolis ( Shahba, Syria ), Shahba Museum.

Classical calligraphy differs from typography and non-classical hand-lettering, though a calligrapher may create all of these ; characters are historically disciplined yet fluid and spontaneous, improvised at the moment of writing ( Pott 2006 and 2005 ; Zapf 2007 and 2006 ).

One of the Orchestra and Chorus's best-known recordings, of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony conducted by Robert Shaw, was recorded for the now defunct Pro Arte label, and is out of print, though excerpts from the " Ode to Joy " fourth movement may be found in anthologies issued on the Reference Gold and Classical Heritage labels.

Classical zabaione uses raw egg yolks, but today many may prefer to cook the custard in a bain-marie.

27 works as Sonata quasi una fantasia, it may be significant that the layout of the present work does not follow the traditional movement arrangement in the Classical period of fast-slow -- fast.

Videlicet is a contraction of Classical Latin vidēre licet, which meant " it may be seen, evidently, clearly " ( vidēre, to see ; licet, third person singular present tense of licēre, " to be permitted ").

Classical Athens may be suggested to have heralded some of the same religious ideas that would later be promoted by Christianity, such as Aristotle's invocation of a perfect God, and Heraclitus ' Logos.

" Classical antiquity " may refer also to an idealized vision among later people of what was, in Edgar Allan Poe's words, " the glory that was Greece, the grandeur that was Rome!

The stylistic development of Classical Chinese poetry consists of both literary and oral cultural processes, which may be and usually are divided into certain standard periods or eras, in terms both of specific poems as well as styles characteristic of those eras, generally corresponding with Chinese Dynastic Eras, which were the traditional chronological process for Chinese historical events.

English Classical compound words of this type may confer an impression of scientific rigor on a non-scientific occupation or profession.

The nave of a church, whether Romanesque, Gothic or Classical, extends from the entry — which may have a separate vestibule, the narthex — to the chancel and is flanked by lower aisles separated from the nave by an arcade.

They are believed by most scholars to have been an Indo-European people and may have been the same as or closely related to the Tocharians ( Τοχάριοι ) of Classical sources.

Classical thermodynamics can consider irreversible processes, but its account in exact terms is restricted to variables that refer only to initial and final states of thermodynamic equilibrium, or to rates of input and output that do not change with time.

Ethnic groups in Chinese history refer to various or presumed ethnicities of significance to the history of China, gathered through the study of Classical Chinese literature, Chinese and non-Chinese literary sources and inscriptions, historical linguistics, and archaeological research.

In classical physics, only sequential ionization can take place ; refer to the Classical ionization section for more information.

The use of the term " dictatorship " does not refer to the Classical Roman concept of the dictatura ( the governance of a state by a small group with no democratic process ), but instead to the Marxist concept of dictatorship ( that an entire societal class holds political and economic control, within a democratic system ).

The Classical Chinese character from which this is derived carries a rural or provincial connotation, and an analogous character is used to refer to the counties of China and counties of Taiwan.

Classical rabbinical sources refer to the passage "... a ruler came from Judah ", from, to imply that Judah was the leader of his brothers, terming him the king.

However, it can refer to the Classical education movement.

" Sporades " means " those scattered " ( compare with " sporadic "), and was used from Classical Antiquity to refer to the Aegean island groups outside the central archipelago of the Cyclades.

In the Baroque and Classical periods, the word solo was virtually equivalent to sonata, and could refer either to a piece for one melody instrument with ( continuo ) accompaniment, or to a sonata for an unaccompanied melody instrument, such as Johann Sebastian Bach ’ s sonatas for violin alone.

# Entrée can refer to the opening number in a suite of dances known as the Grand Pas ( or Grand Pas d ' action ; Classical Pas de deux ; etc.

Classical period can refer to the following:

More specific citations often add line numbers, e. g. Symposium 209a5-9, but these generally refer to John Burnet's Oxford Classical Text, not to Estienne's line divisions.

The First Viennese School is a name mostly used to refer to three composers of the Classical period in Western art music in late-18th-century Vienna: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Joseph Haydn and Ludwig van Beethoven.

This interconnected body extends to later poems and paintings that refer to Biblical narratives, just as other texts build networks around Greek and Roman Classical history and mythology.

However, the device of a true prophecy which is disastrously misunderstood and leading to wrong action is well-attested in the Classical World, for example the case of Croesus who was told that if he goes to war with Persia he would destroy a great kingdom – which ended up turning out to refer to his own kingdom, conquered and annexed by Cyrus as a result of the war to which Croesus was encouraged by the prophecy.

On the other hand, when vanity, impudence, and debauchery are combined in the " lesser epic " hero ( Pope uses the term " lesser epic " to refer to the satirical epic that would function like a satire play in the Classical theater ), the result is " Buffoonry " that induces laughter and disgust.

The term " Classical guitar " can refer to any kind of art music played on a nylon string guitar, or more narrowly to music of the classical period, as opposed to baroque or romantic music.

Classical sources, such as Plato, refer to " Orpheus-initiators " ( Ὀρφεοτελεσταί ), and associated rites, although how far " Orphic " literature in general related to these rites is not certain.

Classical writers used the name Phasis to refer both to the Rioni River in Georgia, and to the Aras River, especially its upper reaches in what is now eastern Turkey.

The use of sibh as ' polite ' you is a retention from the Classical Irish usage of the plural personal pronouns to refer to the singular in polite communcation, thus sinn " we " for mé " I, me " and sibh " you ( plural )" for tú " you / thou ".