Marcus Claudius Marcellus personally slays the chief, Viridomarus.

Claudius ' infirmity probably saved him from the fate of many other nobles during the purges of Tiberius and Caligula's reigns ; potential enemies did not see him as a serious threat.

Claudius was constantly forced to shore up his position ; this resulted in the deaths of many senators.

In the chaos following the murder, Claudius witnessed the German guard cut down several uninvolved noblemen, including many of his friends.

Claudius embarked on many public works throughout his reign, both in the capital and in the provinces.

Nevertheless, many in the Senate remained hostile to Claudius, and many plots were made on his life.

Several coup attempts were made during Claudius ' reign, resulting in the deaths of many senators.

Claudius also presided over many new and original events.

Claudius also presented naval battles to mark the attempted draining of the Fucine Lake, as well as many other public games and shows.

Claudius also restored and adorned many of the venues around Rome.

His censorship seems to have been based on those of his ancestors, particularly Appius Claudius Caecus, and he used the office to put into place many policies based on those of Republican times.

Just as Claudius had criticized his predecessors in official edicts ( see below ), Nero often criticized the deceased Emperor and many of Claudius ' laws and edicts were disregarded under the reasoning that he was too stupid and senile to have meant them.

Suetonius painted Claudius as a ridiculous figure, belittling many of his acts and attributing the objectively good works to his retinue.

It would be three centuries before Claudius Ptolemaeus ' synthesis of astronomy would supersede the work of Hipparchus ; it is heavily dependent on it in many areas.

He was also honored by the Romans, particularly the emperors Claudius and Tiberius whom had inscriptions that praised Imhotep on the walls of many of their Egyptian temples.

Claudius was constantly forced to shore up his position — resulting in the deaths of many senators.

Agrippina poisoned her second husband Passienus Crispus, so many ancient historians also accuse her of murdering her third husband, the emperor Claudius.

Though accounts vary, many ancient historians state Agrippina poisoned Claudius.

At any rate, after Claudius's death he vented on him every kind of insult, in act and word, charging him now with folly and now with cruelty ; for it was a favourite joke of his to say that Claudius had ceased " to play the fool among mortals, lengthening the first syllable of the word morari, and he disregarded many of his decrees and acts as the work of a madman and a dotard.

This wealth was shown by the many monuments that were particularly imposing considering the relatively small size of the urban area: the forum, laid out in two terraces on both sides of the main road, was constructed in several phases between the reigns of Claudius and Antoninus Pius, and the theatre was enlarged and expanded in order to hold Roman games.

At the outset of his reign, Commodus, age 18, inherited many of his father's senior advisers, notably Tiberius Claudius Pompeianus ( the second husband of Commodus's sister Lucilla ), his father-in-law Gaius Bruttius Praesens, Titus Fundanius Vitrasius Pollio, and Aufidius Victorinus, who was Prefect of the City of Rome.

Well-known nomina include many of the familiar names of ancient Rome, such as Aemilius, Claudius, Cornelius, Domitius, Julius, Junius, Pompeius, Antonius, Didius and Valerius.

Historical facts are also sometimes changed: in Plutarch Antony's final defeat was many weeks after the battle of Actium, and Octavia lived with Antony for several years and bore him two children: Antonia Major, paternal grandmother of the Emperor Nero and maternal grandmother of the Empress Valeria Messalina, and Antonia Minor, the sister-in-law of the Emperor Tiberius, mother of the Emperor Claudius, and paternal grandmother of the Emperor Caligula and Empress Agrippina the Younger.

Bruun also concludes that Cicero, who remained the legal defender of Caelius, ultimately used the conceptual phrase aqua inceste uterere in “ referring to the commonly known possession of a water supply by some brothels in Rome, while at the same time implying that Clodia was a prostitute .” The body of Bruun ’ s Water for Roman Brothels is subdivided into multiple different subtopics ; the first one devoted to Cicero ’ s personification of Appius Claudius Caecus.

Emperor Claudius ( who was husband to Messalina, father to Brittanicus and maternal uncle to Julia ) did not secure any legal defense for his niece.

Emperor Claudius first gave legal privileges to the navy's crewmen, enabling them to receive Roman citizenship after their period of service.

Claudius also made a law requiring plaintiffs to remain in the city while their cases were pending, as defendants had previously been required to do.

However, in individual cases, Claudius punished false assumption of citizenship harshly, making it a capital offense.

* Claudius secures a senatorial decree that gives jurisdiction in financial cases to imperial procurators.

) Despite devoting whole books to ephemeral or in some cases non-existent usurpers, there are no independent biographies of the Emperors Quintillus and Florian, whose reigns are merely briefly noted towards the end of the biographies of their respective predecessors, Claudius Gothicus and Tacitus.

Claudius also tried to revive the old custom of putting dots between successive words ( Classical Latin was written with no spacing ).

Appius Claudius died in 273, but in extending the road a number of times, no one has tried to displace his name upon it.

Claudius took a liking to this prisoner – until Valentinus tried to convert the Emperor – whereupon this priest was condemned to death.

Claudius took a liking to him until Valentinus tried to lead Claudius to Jesus, whereupon Claudius refused and condemned Valentinus to death.

Valentine refused and tried to convert Claudius to Christianity instead.

Claudius tried to send ambassadors to both the Carthaginians and the Syracusans, but he was ignored.

Claudius tried to have his own supporters intercept the messengers sent to summon Verginius, but they arrived too late to delay Verginius ' arrival.

Dio says that this was because the resistance became fiercer as the Britons tried to avenge Togodumnus, and Plautius needed the emperor's help to complete the conquest ; however, as Claudius was no military man and in the end spent only sixteen days in Britain, it is likely the Britons were already as good as beaten.

The decemvir Appius Claudius Crassus lusted after her and tried to use his power to take her as his own, possibly as a slave.

* Gnaeus Domitius Afer, senator, consul, and orator during the reigns of the Emperors Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero.

These were rededicated during the early Roman Empire to Augustus or Claudius ( uncertain ), and Agrippa, respectively.

However, as this was also the period during which the power and terror of the commander of the Praetorian Guard, Sejanus, was at its peak, Claudius chose to downplay this possibility.

Roman sestertius issued during Claudius ' reign.

Suetonius states that a total of 35 senators and 300 knights were executed for offenses during Claudius ' reign.

Arnaldo Momigliano states that during the reign of Tiberius — which covers the peak of Claudius ' literary career — it became impolitic to speak of republican Rome.

Gold coin of Claudius ( 50 – 51 ) excavated in South India, an example of Indo-Roman trade during the period.

Importantly, Syracuse was granted nominal independent ally status for the lifetime of Hiero II, and was not incorporated into the Roman province of Sicily until after it was sacked by Marcus Claudius Marcellus during the Second Punic War.

It seems that Aurelian who was in charge of all Roman cavalry during Claudius ' reign, led the decisive attack in the battle.

He performed such miracles by magic acts during the reign of Claudius that he was regarded as a god and honored with a statue on the island in the Tiber which the two bridges cross, with the inscription Simoni Deo Sancto, " To Simon the Holy God ".

** Marcus Claudius Marcellus, Roman general who has captured Syracuse during the Second Punic War and has become known as " the sword of Rome " ( b. 268 BC )

The third legionary standard was recovered in 41 CE by Publius Gabinius from the Chauci during the reign of Claudius, brother to Germanicus, according to Cassius Dio in Roman History

To comprehend the structure of government during the reign of Claudius, we must look at four inscriptions that deepen our understanding of a new, truncated empire.

The road is named after Appius Claudius Caecus, the Roman censor who began and completed the first section as a military road to the south in 312 BC during the Samnite Wars.

It is no surprise that, after his term as censor, Appius Claudius became consul twice, subsequently held other offices, and was a respected consultant to the state even during his later years.

It seems that Aurelian who was in charge of all Roman cavalry during Claudius ' reign, led the decisive attack in the battle.

It received municipal rights in AD 45 under the name municipium Claudia Celeia during the reign of the Roman Emperor Claudius ( 41-54 ).

This unfinished fragment depicts the Gray Mouser in Rome during the reign of the Emperor Claudius.

Messalina bore two children during her marriage to Claudius: a daughter Claudia Octavia ( born 39 or 40 ), a future empress, stepsister and first wife to the emperor Nero ; and a son, Britannicus ( born 41 ).

* Marcus Claudius Marcellus, Roman general who has captured Syracuse during the Second Punic War and has become known as " the sword of Rome " ( b. 268 BC )

In 1937, also for Korda, he starred in an ill-fated film version of the classic novel, I, Claudius, by Robert Graves, which was abandoned during filming owing to the injuries suffered by co-star Merle Oberon in a car crash.

It was not until 13 years later, in AD 42 during the reign of her grandson Claudius, that all her honours were restored and her deification finally completed.