She also was a stepmother to Claudia Antonia, Claudius ' daughter and only child from his second marriage to Aelia Paetina, and to the young Claudia Octavia and Britannicus, Claudius ' children with Valeria Messalina.

The Ancient Near Eastern collection also had its beginnings in 1825 with the purchase of Assyrian and Babylonian antiquities from the widow of Claudius James Rich.

* Robert Graves, author of I, Claudius, also wrote Count Belisarius, a historical novel about Belisarius.

They also requested that Claudius be allowed to debate in the Senate.

However, as this was also the period during which the power and terror of the commander of the Praetorian Guard, Sejanus, was at its peak, Claudius chose to downplay this possibility.

Claudius also settled disputes in the provinces.

The freedmen could also officially speak for the Emperor, as when Narcissus addressed the troops in Claudius ' stead before the conquest of Britain.

Claudius also presided over many new and original events.

Annual games were also held in honor of his accession, and took place at the Praetorian camp where Claudius had first been proclaimed Emperor.

Claudius also presented naval battles to mark the attempted draining of the Fucine Lake, as well as many other public games and shows.

Claudius also restored and adorned many of the venues around Rome.

They also paint him as bloodthirsty and cruel, overly fond of both gladiatorial combat and executions, and very quick to anger ( though Claudius himself acknowledged the latter trait, and apologized publicly for his temper ).

Claudius also tried to revive the old custom of putting dots between successive words ( Classical Latin was written with no spacing ).

There is also a reference to Claudius ' suppression of one of the coups against him in the movie Gladiator, though the incident is entirely fictional.

The last person known to have been able to read Etruscan was the Roman emperor Claudius ( 10 BC – AD 54 ), the author of a treatise in twenty volumes on the Etruscans, Tyrrenikà ( now lost ), who compiled a dictionary ( also lost ) by interviewing the last few elderly rustics who still spoke the language.

It was also the haunt of notable people such as Claudius Charax the historian, Aelius Aristides the orator, Polemo the sophist, and Cuspius Rufinus the Consul.

While at Athens, he developed a close friendship with his fellow student Basil of Caesarea and also made the acquaintance of Flavius Claudius Julianus, who would later become the emperor known as Julian the Apostate.

He was also honored by the Romans, particularly the emperors Claudius and Tiberius whom had inscriptions that praised Imhotep on the walls of many of their Egyptian temples.

The Julio-Claudian dynasty normally refers to the first five Roman Emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula ( also known as Gaius ), Claudius, and Nero, or the family to which they belonged ; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century ( 44 / 31 / 27 ) BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line, Nero, committed suicide.

Claudius was a Claudian through his father, Nero Claudius Drusus, and also possessed a blood connection to the Julian branch of the Imperial Family through his mother, Antonia Minor.

Claudius also suffered tragic setbacks in his personal life.

Claudius ' reign also included several attempts on his life.

Claudius made references to her in his speeches: " my daughter and foster child, born and bred, in my lap, so to speak ".

Nevertheless, many in the Senate remained hostile to Claudius, and many plots were made on his life.

Several coup attempts were made during Claudius ' reign, resulting in the deaths of many senators.

Claudius made the Praetorians promise to kill him if he ever married again.

The attempted coup d ' etat by Silius and Messalina had probably made Claudius realize the weakness of his position as a member of the Claudian but not the Julian family.

Two English translations of the Various History, by Fleming ( 1576 ) and Stanley ( 1665 ) made Aelian's miscellany available to English readers, but after 1665 no English translation appeared, until three English translations appeared almost simultaneously: James G. DeVoto, Claudius Aelianus: Ποιϰίλης Ἱοτορίας (" Varia Historia ") Chicago, 1995 ; Diane Ostrom Johnson, An English Translation of Claudius Aelianus ' " Varia Historia ", 1997 ; and N. G. Wilson, Aelian: Historical Miscellany in the Loeb Classical Library.

Like his uncle Caligula before him, Nero was also a direct descendant of Augustus Caesar, a fact which made his ascension to the throne much easier and smoother than it had been for Tiberius or Claudius.

They have, by the help of Divine Providence, overcome all obstacles, and have made themselves free ... I know not by what misfortune, we are fallen into the error of those, who poised the Emperor Titus to make room for Domitian, who made away Augustus that they might have Tiberius, and changed Claudius for Nero ... whereas the people of England are now renowned, all over the world, for their great virtue and discipline ; and yet suffer an idiot, without courage, without sense, nay, without ambition, to have dominion in a country of liberty.

He was appointed proconsul, entered and first addressed the Senate, made joint public appearances with Claudius, and was featured in coinage.

The heavy sedimentation of the river made it difficult to maintain Ostia, prompting the emperors Claudius and Trajan to establish a new port on the Fiumicino in the 1st century AD.

An effort is made to betrothe Claudius to Livia Medullina.

Claudius had served with the Roman army for all his adult life, making his way up the military hierarchy until the Emperor Gallienus made him the commander of his elite cavalry force ( hipparchos ) and subsequently his military deputy.

In the next year, when Autun revolted, declaring itself for Claudius, the central government made no moves to support it.

He was sentenced to death as a military prisoner, but made a speech before his execution that persuaded the Emperor Claudius to spare him.

A brother of Urgulanilla was made a patrician by Claudius.

Immediately after the death of Tiberius ( 37 AD ), Caligula made over to Herod Agrippa, at that time a prisoner in Rome, the tetrarchy of Philip and the tetrarchy of Lysanias, while Claudius, upon his accession ( 41 ), not only confirmed the liberality of his predecessor towards Herod Agrippa, but added all that portion of Judaea and Samaria which had belonged to the kingdom of his grandfather Herod the Great, together ( says Josephus ) with Abila, which had appertained to Lysanias, and the adjoining region of Libanus.

On the assassination of Caligula in 41, Agrippa's advice helped to secure Claudius ' accession as emperor, which he made a show of being in the interest of the senate.

In 53, he was deprived of that kingdom by Claudius, who made him governor over the tetrarchy of Philip and Lysanias.

Appius Claudius Crassus is said to have made an unjust decision which would have forced a young woman named Verginia into prostitution, prompting her father to kill her.

In 41 AD, the emperor Claudius recalled Piso to Rome and made him his co-consul.

This is highlighted by Claudius's failed attempts to revive the Republic ; by the attempts of various characters to ' restore ' the Republic but with themselves as the true rulers ; and by Claudius noting that ' by dulling the blade of tyranny, I reconciled Rome to the monarchy ' – i. e., in his attempts to rule autocratically but along more Republican lines, he has only made the Roman people more complacent about living under a dictatorship.