Cold chisels come in a variety of sizes, from fine engraving tools that are tapped with very light hammers, to massive tools that are driven with sledgehammers.

Cold chisels are forged to shape and hardened and tempered ( to a blue colour ) at the cutting edge.

Cold atoms in optical lattices are used as " quantum simulators ", that is, they act as controllable systems that can model behavior of more complicated systems, such as frustrated magnets.

The doctrines of Chinese medicine are rooted in books such as the Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon and the Treatise on Cold Damage, as well as in cosmological notions like yin-yang and the five phases.

Cold electrodes can also spontaneously produce electron clouds via thermionic emission when small incandescent regions ( called cathode spots or anode spots ) are formed.

Cold mittens and Ice bucket | wine cooler s are placed on her hands and feet to reduce harm to her nails.

It is also noted that CVBGs were designed for Cold War scenarios, and are less useful in establishing control of areas close to shore.

" Cold " reactive dyes, such as Procion MX, Cibacron F, and Drimarene K, are very easy to use because the dye can be applied at room temperature.

* 1999 – Six firefighters are killed in the Worcester Cold Storage Warehouse fire in Worcester, Massachusetts.

There are three prominent hypotheses on nonbaryonic dark matter, called Hot Dark Matter ( HDM ), Warm Dark Matter ( WDM ), and Cold Dark Matter ( CDM ); some combination of these is also possible.

The most widely discussed models for nonbaryonic dark matter are based on the Cold Dark Matter hypothesis, and the corresponding particle is most commonly assumed to be a weakly interacting massive particle ( WIMP ).

Cold meats, such as chicken, that are to be cooked should not be placed at room temperature for thawing, at the risk of dangerous bacterial growth, such as Salmonella or E. coli.

The National Security Agency, SUPO, estimates that the known number of Russian agents from SVR and GRU now exceeds Cold War levels and there are unknown numbers of others.

Dartmouth College and the US Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory are located there.

Cold Cathode gauges are accurate from 10 < sup >− 2 </ sup > Torr to 10 < sup >− 9 </ sup > Torr.

The Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries manufactured close copies of IBM mainframes during the Cold War ; the BESM series and Strela are examples of an independently designed Soviet computer.

The well known USS Liberty incident in 1967 and USS Pueblo incident in 1968 are a small sample of the losses endured during the Cold War.

Phayer's Pius XII, The Holocaust, and the Cold War ( 2008 ) makes use of many documents that have recently come to light due to Bill Clinton's 1997 executive order declassifying wartime and postwar documents, many of which are currently at the US National Archives and Holocaust Memorial Museum.

Countries culturally and geographically associated with other European regions that steered clear of Soviet influence during the Cold War are usually included, while western members of the former Eastern Bloc ( with the exception of Eastern Germany ) are excluded.

** Cold War: The first post-Communist presidential and parliamentary elections are held in Romania.

* April 14 – In Cold Blood killers Richard Hickock and Perry Smith, convicted of murdering 4 members of the Herbert Clutter family of Holcomb, Kansas, are executed by hanging at the Kansas State Penitentiary for Men in Lansing, Kansas.

Many of the more established think tanks, having been created during the Cold War, are focused on international affairs, security studies, and foreign policy.

Both nations have begun to realize the core truth of the post – Cold War era that, if the strategic reality, as described by the words of Ronald Reagan, is that " Nuclear war cannot be won and must not be fought ", then large nuclear weapons stockpiles have no positive use, are expensive, and can lead to dangerous destabilization.

In the Cold War suspense film Fail-Safe ( 1964 ), Fonda played the President of the United States who tries to avert a nuclear holocaust through tense negotiations with the Soviets after American bombers are mistakenly ordered to attack the USSR.

Tom Swift, Jr .' s Cold War-era adventures and inventions are often motivated by patriotism, as Tom repeatedly defeats the evil agents of the fictional " Kranjovia " and " Brungaria ", the latter a place that critic Francis Molson describes as " a vaguely Eastern European country, which is strongly opposed to the Swifts and the U. S. Hence, the Swifts ' opposition to and competition with the Brungarians is both personal and patriotic.

Heller ’ s criticisms are not intended for World War II but for the Cold War and McCarthyism.

Considerable research into biological warfare was undertaken throughout the Cold War era ( 1947 – 1991 ) by the U. S., U. K. and U. S. S. R., and probably other major nations as well, although it is generally believed that such weapons were never used.

The United States developed an anti-crop capability during the Cold War that used plant diseases ( bioherbicides, or mycoherbicides ) for destroying enemy agriculture.

Cold ion trapping in optical lattices is an experimental tool commonly used in condensed matter as well as atomic, molecular, and optical physics.

Using a separate statistical evaluation than used above for interventions, civil wars that included pro-or anti-communist forces lasted 141 % longer than the average non-Cold War conflict, while a Cold War civil war that attracted superpower intervention resulted in wars typically lasting over three times as long as other civil wars.

Historians have liberally used emperor and, especially so, empire anachronistically and out of its Roman and European context to describe any large state and its ruler in the past and present ; sometimes even to refer to non-monarchically ruled states and their spheres of influence: such examples include the " Athenian Empire " of the late 5th century BC, the " Angevin Empire " of the Plantagenets, or the Soviet and American " empires " of the Cold War era.

The Cold War, especially in the 1950s and 1960s, put a damper on the Esperanto movement as well, as there were fears on both sides that Esperanto could be used for enemy propaganda.

The different names used to describe the German Democratic Republic reflected political positions during the Cold War conflict ; for example, many Westerners doubted the political sovereignty and democratic constitution of East Germany.

The wave feature is another prominent design, which uses a part of the blade that protrudes outward to catch on one's pocket as it is drawn, thus opening the blade ; this was patented by Ernest Emerson and is not only used on many of the Emerson knives, but also on knives produced by Spyderco and Cold Steel as well.

In the Cold War context, the term was and is most commonly used by anti-Communists as an accusation of formal fallacy for leftist criticisms of United States foreign policy and military conduct.

Many of those who criticized US foreign policy at the time contended that US power in the Cold War was used only to pursue an economically-driven agenda.

The airbridge methods which were developed and used extensively in the Burma Campaign for supplying the Chindits and other units, including those in sieges such as Imphal, as well as flying the Hump into China, allowed the western powers to develop air lift expertise which would prove vital during the Cold War Berlin Blockade.

Throughout the Cold War, this right was widely considered to be meaningless ; however, the corresponding Article 72 of the 1977 Constitution was used in December 1991 to effectively dissolve the Soviet Union, when Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus seceded from the Union.

In 1983, the miniseries V used both Cold War and World War II allegories about totalitarianism, propaganda, collaboration, and resistance.

Space exploration has often been used as a proxy competition for geopolitical rivalries such as the Cold War.

An ensuing arms race during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union produced tens of thousands of nuclear weapons that used uranium metal and uranium-derived plutonium-239.

During the later stages of World War II, the entire Cold War, and to a lesser extent afterwards, uranium-235 has been used as the fissile explosive material to produce nuclear weapons.

Since reunification, the ceremony has taken on a more neutral and pacifist tone ( after being used more politically in Cold War times ).

Rocket sleds were used extensively by the United States early in the Cold War to accelerate equipment considered too experimental ( hazardous ) for testing directly in piloted aircraft.

Typical nuclear weapon yields used during Cold War planning for EMP attacks were in the range of 1 to 10 megatons ( 4. 2 to 42 PJ ) This is roughly 50 to 500 times the sizes of the weapons the United States used in Japan at Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

The term was coined by analogy to planetary objects orbiting a larger object, such as smaller moons revolving around larger planets, and is used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries of the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War or to Mongolia between 1924 and 1990, for example.

MAD was implied in several U. S. policies and used in the political rhetoric of leaders in both the U. S. and the USSR during many periods of the Cold War.

In the early 1990s, following the end of the Cold War the garrison tradition of the town came to an end when the Bundeswehr's Margrave Barracks ( Markgrafenkaserne ) and the Röhrensee Barracks ( Röhrenseekaserne ), used by the US Army and the BGS ( Grenzschutzabteilung Süd 3 ), were closed.

During the Cold War, standard signals were used throughout the country for civil defense purposes, referred to as " alert " and " attack.