They, perhaps, gave the pitch of their position in the preface where it was said that Eisenhower requested that the Commission be administered by the American Assembly of Columbia University, because it was non-partisan.

If this seems arbitrary, its effect was to treat citizens of the District of Columbia equally with citizens of the states -- at the expense of expanding a troublesome jurisdiction.

Alexis Carrel was also a member of learned societies in the U. S., Spain, Russia, Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Vatican City, Germany, Italy and Greece and received honorary doctorates from Queen's University of Belfast, Princeton University, California, New York, Brown University and Columbia University.

It was recorded in St. Paul's, the chapel at Columbia University, chosen for the acoustics.

Situated near the mouth of the Columbia River, the city was named after the American investor John Jacob Astor.

British explorer David Thompson was the first European to navigate the entire length of the Columbia River in 1811.

In the years following the Revolution the poetic device " Columbia " was used as a symbol of both Columbus and America, King's College of New York changed its name in 1792 to Columbia, and the new capitol in Washington was subtitled District of Columbia.

The earliest known personification of what would become the United States was " Columbia " who first appeared in 1738 and sometimes was associated with Liberty.

She was admitted to the District of Columbia Bar in 1980 and began her law career as an associate with the Washington, D. C. firm of Wald, Harkrader & Ross.

The concert was recorded by Columbia Records, preserving for the first time musical passages and numbers not included on the original Broadway cast recording.

On February 11, 2010, he was rushed to Columbia Presbyterian Hospital in New York City after complaining of chest pains, and had two coronary stents implanted in his heart.

The province's name was chosen by Queen Victoria when the Colony of British Columbia, i. e. " the Mainland ", became a British colony in 1858.

It refers to the Columbia District, the British name for the territory drained by the Columbia River, in southeastern British Columbia, which was the namesake of the pre-Oregon Treaty Columbia Department of the Hudson's Bay Company.

Queen Victoria chose British Columbia to distinguish what was the British sector of the Columbia District from that of the United States (" American Columbia " or " Southern Columbia "), which became the Oregon Territory in 1848 as a result of the treaty.

By the end of the nineteenth century, in 1893, when the Big Three, Columbia, and Penn were populous centers of learning, Dartmouth graduated only sixty-nine.

Bears ( grizzly, black, and the Kermode bear or spirit bear — found only in British Columbia ) live here, as do deer, elk, moose, caribou, big-horn sheep, mountain goats, marmots, beavers, muskrat, coyotes, wolves, mustelids ( such as wolverines, badgers and fishers ), Cougar, eagles, ospreys, herons, Canada geese, swans, loons, hawks, owls, ravens, Harlequin Ducks, and many other sorts of ducks.

The term Columbia Basin is used to refer not only to the entire drainage basin but also to subsets of the river's full watershed, such as the relatively flat and unforested area in eastern Washington bounded by the Cascades, the Rocky Mountains, and the Blue Mountains.

The city is also served by Delta Air Lines at Columbia Regional Airport, the only commercial airport in mid-Missouri.

For example, in British Columbia, Justice of Peace can only issue summon to the offender for Contempt, for which will be dealt with by a judge, even if the offence was done at the face of the Justice.

After leaving the Les Brown & His Band of Renown to try a solo career, she started her long-lasting partnership with Columbia Records, which would remain her only recording label.

Columbia at this time was one of the only elite private universities that did not limit admission of Jewish applicants with implicit quotas around 12 %.

Eight states and the District of Columbia ban open carry outright or restrict it to the point that it is infeasible for everyday practice ( 2 states restrict open carry to rural areas, while 6 others and Washington DC allow it only for outdoor sport such as hunting, or ban it completely ).

The next year, 1793, he returned to British Columbia and proceeded further north, unknowingly missing the overland explorer Alexander Mackenzie by only 48 days.

Consequently, when The Byrds ' Columbia recording contract was renewed on February 29, 1968, it was only original members Roger McGuinn and Chris Hillman who signed it.

* 1942 – World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at nearby Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by the Japanese against the United States mainland.

The house where Polk spent his adult life before his presidency, in Columbia, Tennessee, is his only private residence still standing.

The British Columbia Geographical Names Information System ( BCGNIS ) comments that most residents of Vancouver might consider it to be only areas west of Mission and Abbotsford, while residents in the rest of the province consider it to be the whole region south of Whistler and west of Hope.

It is one of only 2 of the Big Six to have this fate ( the other being Columbia Pictures, although unlike Paramount, it is still a direct sister to its former TV arm ).

** The ineligibility of Puerto Rico residents to vote in presidential elections as the U. S. Constitution provides these rights only to states and the District of Columbia.

Stereoisomers are isomeric molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms ( constitution ), but that differ only in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space .< ref > Columbia Encyclopedia.

Since the reinforced carbon-carbon ( RCC ) panel on Columbia had only 40 % of the strength of the test panel from Enterprise, this result suggested that the RCC leading edge would have been shattered.

Until its last refit, Columbia was the only operational orbiter with wing markings consisting of an American flag on the port ( left ) wing and the letters " USA " on the starboard ( right ) wing.

) From its last refit to its destruction, Columbia bore markings identical to those of its operational sister orbiters — the NASA " meatball " logo on the left wing and the American flag afore the orbiter's name on the right ; only Columbia's distinctive wing " chines " remained.

Columbia was also the only orbiter not delivered with head-up displays for the Commander and Pilot, although these were incorporated after STS-9.

Columbia was scheduled for this mission due to Discovery being out of service for its Orbital Maintenance Down Period, and because the ISS assembly schedule could not be adhered to with only Endeavour and Atlantis.

Columbia was the only shuttle to have been spaceworthy during both the Shuttle-Mir and International Space Station programs and yet to have never visited either Mir or ISS.

His most enduring relationship, however, was with the music of Thelonious Monk: he recorded the first album to feature only Monk compositions ( Reflections, Prestige, 1958 ) and briefly played in Monk's band in 1960 and later on Monk's Big Band / Quartet album ( Columbia, 1963 ).

Because state supreme courts generally hear only appeals, some courts have names which directly indicate their functionin the states of New York and Maryland, and in the District of Columbia, the highest court is called the " Court of Appeals ".

* 1979 – The first fully functional space shuttle orbiter, Columbia, is delivered to the John F. Kennedy Space Center to be prepared for its first launch.

Space Shuttle Challenger ( NASA Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-099 ) was NASA's second Space Shuttle orbiter to be put into service, Columbia having been the first.

However, design changes made during construction of the first orbiter, Columbia ( OV-102 ), would have required extensive rework.

In 2003 after the breakup of Columbia during re-entry, the Columbia Accident Investigation Board conducted tests at Southwest Research Institute, which used an air gun to shoot foam blocks of similar size, mass and speed to that which struck Columbia at a test structure which mechanically replicated the orbiter wing leading edge.

Also, Columbia was the female symbol of the U. S. After construction, the orbiter arrived at Kennedy Space Center on March 25, 1979, to prepare for its first launch.

As the second orbiter to be constructed, yet the first able to fly into space, Columbia was roughly heavier than subsequent orbiters such as Endeavour, which were of a slightly different design, and had benefited from advances in materials technology.

Externally, Columbia was the first orbiter in the fleet whose surface was mostly covered with High & Low Temperature Reusable Surface Insulation ( HRSI / LRSI ) tiles as its main thermal protection system ( TPS ), with white silicone rubber-painted Nomex — known as Felt Reusable Surface Insulation ( FRSI ) blankets — in some areas on the wings, fuselage and Payload Bay Doors.

In 1984, Discovery became the third operational orbiter following Columbia and Challenger, and made its final touchdown at Kennedy Space Center on March 9, 2011 at 10: 57: 17 CST, having spent a cumulative total of one full year ( 365 days ) in space.

* March 25 – The first fully functional space shuttle orbiter, Columbia, is delivered to the John F. Kennedy Space Center, to be prepared for its first launch.

Columbia orbiter landing

The first experimental orbiter was delivered for atmospheric handling test flights in 1976, and the first launch took place on April 12, 1981, with Columbia and STS-1, the first Shuttle orbital flight.

The first fully functional orbiter was Columbia ( designated OV-102 ), built in Palmdale, California.

Following the success of STS-121, all subsequent missions have been completed without major foam problems, and the construction of ISS nears completion ( during the STS-118 mission in August 2007, the orbiter was again struck by a foam fragment on liftoff, but this damage was minimal compared to the damage sustained by Columbia ).

The Columbia Accident Investigation Board, in its report, noted the reduced risk to the crew when a shuttle flies to the International Space Station ( ISS ), as the station can be used as a safe haven for the crew awaiting rescue in the event that damage to the shuttle orbiter on ascent makes it unsafe for re-entry.

On February 1, 2003, the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster occurred, with the orbiter disintegrating during reentry and resulting in the death of its seven crew members.

In addition, in its payload bay, Columbia again carried the DFI package, and OSS-l ( named for the NASA Office of Space Science and Applications ) which consisted of a number of instruments mounted on a Spacelab pallet, intended to obtain data on the near-Earth environment and the extent of contamination caused by the orbiter itself.

While the shuttle was declared " operational " after STS-4, the Columbia Accident Investigation Board ( CAIB ), in its report on the loss of Columbia during STS-107 in 2003, asserted that the orbiter should never have been considered operational and that, while not intrisically unsafe, it was in fact an experimental vehicle.

STS-50 ( U. S. Microgravity Laboratory 1 ) was a United States Space Shuttle mission, the 12th mission of the Columbia orbiter.

Thanks to the Extended Duration Orbiter kit, the Space Shuttle orbiter Columbia remained in orbit for almost 14 days and future missions with Columbia could last as long as a month.