Competition from placental mammals from the north drove sparassodonts to extinction, while didelphimorphs ( opossums ) invaded Central America, with the Virginia opossum reaching as far north as Canada.

Competition drove cashiers to offer additional services, including paying out money to any person bearing a written order from a depositor to do so.

Competition from other studios drove animator salaries to a high level, making traditional animated features even more costly to produce.

According to estimates made by the Competition Commission, Tesco was able to negotiate significantly lower prices from its suppliers than Safeway – averaging about 3 per cent on big-selling branded items.

Competition has fostered reductions in prices, but consolidation by providers and, to a lesser extent, insurers, has tempered this effect.

Competition between the two companies in 2002 has caused them to further reduce the prices of their consoles, the then prominent Xbox and PlayStation 2 respectively.

Competition by other, larger railroads for control of the Great Lakes area attracted a bidding war for purchase of the railroad in 1984, with the C & NW and the Soo bidding up the prices.

In March 2006, the Competition Commission cleared Waterstones for takeover of the Ottakar's, stating the takeover would " not result in a substantial lessening of competition ", and is " not likely to affect book prices, range of titles offered or quality of service.

Section 78 ( 1 )( i ) of the Competition Act prohibits companies from the selling products at unreasonably low prices which is either designed to facilitate, or has the effect of, eliminating competition or a competitor.

* Competition: Some believe that risk-based pricing is fair but feel that many loans charge prices far above the risk, using the risk as an excuse to overcharge.

The EU Competition Commission reported that the companies had worked to rig bids for procurement contracts, share markets, and fix prices between at least 1995 and 2004.

The Polish Competition Regulator stated that seven companies, which accounted for almost 100 per cent of the market, had fixed minimum prices for grey cement, and agreed on a market share for each operator.

In 2003, Mexico's antitrust agency, the Federal Competition Commission, investigated Walmart for " monopolistic practices " prompted by charges that the retailer pressured suppliers to sell goods below cost or at prices significantly less than those available to other stores.

Increased competition and Lower Prices: A related benefit of an open economy is that the consumers have an increasing number of producers or goods and services competing for their business. Competition among producers results in lower prices and improved services.

A 1979 Econometrica paper, " On Hotelling's ' Stability in Competition '" by Aspremont, Gabszewicz, and Thisse, argues that while the price competition in Hotelling's paper correctly addressed the Bertrand paradox, explaining how firms can compete in prices and still make positive profits, Hotelling made an error in reasoning in the second part of the paper where he attempts to endogenize the locations of the firms in his model and establishes his " law ".

In 2009 Sasol agreed to pay an administrative penalty of R188-million as part of a settlement agreement with the Competition Commission of South Africa for alleged price fixing, in which a competitor alleged that Sasol was abusing its dominance in the markets for fertilisers by charging excessive prices for certain products.

Competition from rapidly expanding Fort Lauderdale / Hollywood International Airport cut growth at the airport through the 1990s.

Ieshima is host to the annual Open Water Swim Competition which has been rapidly gaining fame as one of the most popular open water swim competitions in Japan.

Competition is usually intense and is increasing dramatically every year as the institute ’ s profile in both academic and extracurricular activities is rapidly improving.

The best known is the Bombay Sapphire Designer Glass Competition, held each year, where design students from all over the world can participate by designing their own “ inspired ” martini cocktail glass.

* In Canadian junior high schools, an annual national mathematics competition ( Gauss Mathematics Competition ) administered by the Centre for Education in Mathematics and Computing is named in honour of Gauss,

GT40 / R Competition at Road America, built by Pathfinder Motorsports / Superformance

* GT40 / R Competition, United States: authentic GT40 built by Superformance and co-designed with Pathfinder Motorsports, it is the only race-version continuation model fully licensed by Safir GT40 Spares ( Ltd ).

The GT40 name is currently licensed for use by the Pathfinder Motorsports GT40 / R Competition, which is built by Hi-Tech in South Africa, which also builds street version models of the GT40.

The then Prime Minister of Australia, John Howard, and the then Prime Minister of New Zealand, Helen Clark, were also in attendance, and Clark was accompanied by the official NZ Defence Force party, veterans of several past wars, and 10 New Zealand college students who won the New Zealand ' Prime Minister's Essay Competition ' with their work on Gallipoli.

Competition shooters will also sort cases by brand and weight to ensure consistency.

Competition shooters also often sort bullets by weight, often down to 0. 10 grain ( 6. 5 mg ) increments.

Competition rules are similar to other throwing events: a round consists of one attempt by each competitor in turn, and competitions typically consist of three to six rounds.

* Microeconomics by Elmer G. Wiens: Online Interactive Models of Oligopoly, Differentiated Oligopoly, and Monopolistic Competition

Classical music events include the Henryk Wieniawski Violin Competition ( held every 5 years ), and classical music concerts by the city's Philharmonic Orchestra held each month in the University Aula.

Many cars have had S model features added by subsequent owners, making original " Competition Group " cars difficult to distinguish without checking option codes.

Competition from its traditional rivals ( like Montgomery Ward ) continued, with new competition by retailing giants such as Kmart, Kohl's, and Wal-Mart.

Whilst chefs in such restaurants may need to tweak traditional recipes to suit contemporary tastebuds, emphasis of natural foods is still extant. The annual Indigenous Peoples Healthy Cuisine and Innovative Beverage Competition, partly sponsored by the Council of Indigenous Peoples and the Tourism Bureau provides prize money to contestants who creatively use traditional indigenous ingredients in healthy ways.

* The Meteor, the Stone and a Long Glass of Sherbet, the winner of the 1996 Interactive Fiction Competition, is strongly influenced by the Zork universe and includes many elements.

* " Patents and Pharmaceuticals ", a paper given on 29 November 2008 at the Presentation of the Directorate-General of Competition ’ s Preliminary Report of the Pharma-sector inquiry, by the Rt.

* Mazer Cup International Mead Competition and Tasting Event -- Sponsored by Gotmead. com, this event is held every year in March in Boulder, Colorado.

In 2005, the Eileen Heckart Drama for Seniors Competition was established in her memory by Ohio State's Department of Theatre.

Competition for land was a primary cause of the New Zealand Land Wars of the 1860s and 1870s, in which the Taranaki and Waikato regions were invaded by colonial troops and Māori of these regions had much of their land taken from them.

* National Scholastics Championship ( NSC ) has been held since 1998, and is organized by the Partnership for Academic Competition Excellence ( PACE ).

Rallying itself can be traced back to the 1894 Paris – Rouen Horseless Carriage Competition ( Concours des Voitures sans Chevaux ), sponsored by a Paris newspaper, Le Petit Journal, which attracted considerable public interest and entries from leading manufacturers.

In 2005, the Office of Fair Trading found fifty independent schools, including Eton, to have breached the Competition Act by " regularly and systematically " exchanging information about planned increases in school fees, which was collated and distributed among the schools by the bursar at Sevenoaks School.