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Constantine, son of Áed ( Medieval Gaelic: Constantín mac Áeda ; Modern Gaelic: Còiseam mac Aoidh, known in most modern regnal lists as Constantine II ; before 879 – 952 ) was an early King of Scotland, known then by the Gaelic name Alba.
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Constantine and son
First married to Michael VII Doukas and secondly to Nikephoros III Botaneiates, she was preoccupied with the future of her son by Michael VII, Constantine Doukas.
As a result, Alexios and Constantine, Maria's son, were now adoptive brothers and both Isaac and Alexios took an oath that they would safeguard his rights as emperor.
As a measure intended to keep the support of the Doukai, Alexios restored Constantine Doukas, the young son of Michael VII and Maria, as co-emperor and a little later betrothed him to his own first-born daughter Anna, who moved into the Mangana Palace with her fiancé and his mother.
However, this situation changed drastically when Alexios ' first son John II Komnenos was born in 1087: Anna's engagement to Constantine was dissolved, and she was moved to the main Palace to live with her mother and grandmother.
Led by a pretender claiming to be Constantine Diogenes, a long-dead son of the Emperor Romanos IV, the Cumans crossed the mountains and raided into eastern Thrace until their leader was eliminated at Adrianople.
Ambrosius Aurelianus appears in later pseudo-chronicle tradition beginning with Geoffrey's Historiae Regum Britanniae with the slightly garbled name Aurelius Ambrosius, now presented as son of a King Constantine.
Illegitimate son of Constantine and Kathara.
As a result of rises and falls in Arianism's influence after the First Council of Nicaea, Emperor Constantine I banished him from Alexandria to Trier in the Rhineland, but he was restored after the death of Constantine I by the emperor's son Constantine II.
The second son of Constantine I and Fausta, he ascended to the throne with his brothers Constantine II and Constans upon their father's death.
He was the third son of Constantine the Great, and second by his second wife Fausta, the daughter of Maximian.
This new state of affairs was unacceptable to Constantius, who felt that as the only surviving son of Constantine the Great, the position of emperor was his alone.
Constans was the third and youngest son of Constantine the Great and Fausta, his father's second wife.
The eldest son of Constantine the Great and Fausta after the death of his half-brother Crispus, Constantine II was born in Arles in February, 316, and raised as a Christian.
His military career continued when Constantine I made his son field commander during the 332 campaign against the Goths.
By the 9th century, the Gaels of Dál Riata ( Dalriada ) were subject to the kings of Fortriu of the family of Constantín mac Fergusa ( Constantine son of Fergus ).
Kenneth's son Constantine died in 876, probably killed fighting against a Viking army which had come north from Northumbria in 874.
Among the other kings present were Constantine, Ealdred son of Eadwulf, and the king of Strathclyde, either Dyfnwal II or, more probably, Owen I.
William of Malmesbury writes that Gofraid, together with Sihtric's young son Olaf Cuaran fled north and received refuge from Constantine, which led to war with Æthelstan.
William states that Æthelstan stood godfather to a son of Constantine, probably Indulf ( Ildulb mac Constantín ), during the conference.
Constantine and Áed
The same style is used of Kenneth's brother Donald I ( Domnall mac Ailpín ) and sons Constantine I ( Constantín mac Cináeda ) and Áed ( Áed mac Cináeda ).
Áed, Constantine's father, succeeded Constantine's uncle and namesake Constantine I in 876 but was killed in 878.
Woolf suggests that Constantine and his cousin Donald may have passed Giric's reign in exile in Ireland where their aunt Máel Muire was wife of two successive High Kings of Ireland, Áed Findliath and Flann Sinna.
The laws of Áed Find are entirely lost, but it has been assumed that, like the laws attributed to Giric and Constantine II ( Causantín mac Áeda ), these related to the church and in particular to granting the privileges and immunities common elsewhere.
* Áed Whitefoot succeeds Constantine I of Scotland.
One descended from Causantín mac Cináeda ( Constantine I, reigned 862-877 ), the other from his brother Áed mac Cináeda ( reigned 877-878 ).
While Constantine III of Scotland ( reigned 995-997 ) did manage to rise to the throne, he was the last known descendant of Áed.
One descended from Causantín mac Cináeda ( Constantine I, reigned 862-877 ), the other from his brother Áed mac Cináeda ( reigned 877-878 ).
His royal ancestors included Áed himself, Constantine II of Scotland ( reigned 900-943 ), Indulf ( reigned 954-962 ), and Cuilén ( reigned 967-971 ).
Constantine is not known to have any descendants and he was the last of the line of Áed ( Áed mac Cináeda ) to have been king.
The Duan Albanach omits both Eochaid and Giric, jumping from " Aodh, of the white flowers " ( King Áed mac Cináeda ) to " Domhnal, son of Cusaintin the fair " ( Donald II, son of Constantine I ( Domnall mac Causantín )).
Constantine and Medieval
The Vasojevići clan claim descent from Stephen Constantine of the Nemanjić dynasty ( that ruled Medieval Serbia, 1166 – 1371 ).
Medieval sex manuals include the lost works of Elephantis, by Constantine the African ; Ananga Ranga, a 12th century collection of Hindu erotic works ; and The Perfumed Garden for the Soul's Recreation, a 16th century Arabic work by Sheikh Nefzaoui.
The language Constantine uses is rather straightforward High Medieval Greek, somewhat more elaborate than that of the Canonic Gospels, and easily comprehensible to an educated modern Greek.
* Medieval Edicts: Galerius and Constantine
* Mary-Ann Constantine Prophecy and Pastiche in the Breton ballads: Groac ' h Ahès and Gwenc ' hlan, Cambrian Medieval Celtic Studies 30, ( Winter, 1995 ) 87-121.
Constantine and Gaelic
Constantine, son of Cuilén ( Mediaeval Gaelic: Causantín mac Cuiléin ; Modern Gaelic: Còiseam mac Chailein ), known in most modern regnal lists as Constantine III, ( before 971 – 997 ) was king of Scots from 995 to 997.
Constantine and Constantín
* Constantín mac Cináeda, or Constantine I of Scotland
The last of Constantine's certain descendants to be king in Alba was a great-grandson, Constantine III ( Constantín mac Cuiléin ).
A negotiated settlement may have ended matters: according to John of Worcester, a son of Constantine was given as a hostage to Æthelstan and Constantín himself accompanied the English king on his return south.
Constantine and mac
Another son had died at Brunanburh, and, according to John of Worcester, Amlaíb mac Gofraid was married to a daughter of Constantine.
The " Nomina Regum Scottorum et Pictorum ", discovered by Robert Sibbald at the St Andrews Cathedral Priory, place the death sites of both Domnall mac Ailpín and Constantine III at Rathveramoen ( Rathinveramon ).
Cuilén's son Constantine III ( Causantín mac Cuilén ) was later king.
He was the son of Constantine II ( Causantín mac Áeda ); his mother may have been a daughter of Earl Eadulf I of Bernicia, who was an exile in Scotland.
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