* 1906 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar, King of Iran, agrees to convert the government to a constitutional monarchy.

With it Saxony became a Constitutional monarchy and obtained a bi-cameral legistature and a responsible ministry, which replaced the old feudal estates.

In keeping with the evolution of the Westminster system of governance, Barbados has evolved into a Parliamentary democracy and Constitutional monarchy, meaning that all real power rests with the Parliament.

It led to the system of Constitutional Monarchy, with further reforms shifting the balance of power from the monarchy and nobility to the House of Commons.

Constitutional monarchy ( or limited monarchy ) is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a constitution, whether it be a written, uncodified, or blended constitution.

Constitutional monarchy occurred first in continental Europe, briefly in the early years of the French revolution, but much more widely afterwards.

File: Government constitutional monarchy. svg |< center > Constitutional monarchies with representative parliamentary systems are shown in green.

# Constitutional entrenchment of an otherwise statutory English, British, or Canadian document because of subject matter provisions in the amending formula of the Constitution Act, 1982, such as provisions with regard to the monarchy in the English Bill of Rights 1689 or the Act of Settlement 1701.

Politically, these opposition forces organized into three competing parties: The liberal elements among the industrial capitalists and nobility, who believed in peaceful social reform and a constitutional monarchy, founded the Constitutional Democratic party or Kadets in 1905.

That constitution restored the central tenets of the democratic Staatsregeling of 1798, under the guise of a Constitutional monarchy, as its author Johan Rudolf Thorbecke acknowledged.

# REDIRECT Constitutional monarchy

He declined to attend the Constitutional Convention of 1787, saying that he " smelt a rat in Philadelphia, tending toward the monarchy.

* Constitutional monarchy

After over 50 years of de facto parliamentarism, it was written into the Instrument of Government of 1974, which, although technically adherent to Constitutional monarchy, finally abolished the Privy Council.

Constitutional monarchy in the modern sense can be considered an evolution of the idea, as such constitutions generally place sovereignty with the people, not the monarch.

Constitutional monarchists were satisfied with the accord, but integralists were not: the agreement failed to make reference to the reestablishment of a traditional monarchy, which was fundamental to their assertions.

However, in 1842 the Constitutional Charter of 1826 was reinstated, and this constitution ( which was in place until 1910 when the monarchy was overthrown ) had no bar to the succession by members of Dom Miguel's family.

# REDIRECT Constitutional monarchy

Constitutional monarchy was restored in 1975 under King Juan Carlos I.

The Constitutional Monarchy Association is a late 1990s formation of the Monarchist League and focusses on maintaining and strengthening the constitutional monarchy in Britain.

Following the death of their father, Peter once again attempted to mend fences within the family and ensure Maria da Gloria's right to the throne by offering Miguel the regency of Portugal ( when he became 25 ) under a new liberal Constitutional Charter that would re-establish a constitutional monarchy.

Furthermore, Miguel was obliged to govern in conformity with Peter's Constitutional Charter, something he accepted as a condition of the regency ( even if he did not agree with its principles and favoured an absolute monarchy instead ).

* Constitutional monarchy

Constitutional rules of the past were not acceptable to the new revolutionary spirit, Annan continued, which saw the old political order as using the ballot box " merely to ensure that politicians got elected into power, after which communication between the electorate and their elected representative completely broke down.

The friction continued over the appointment of other state official nominees, including Constitutional Court judges.

Law personally felt that duties on foodstuffs should be excluded, something agreed to by Alexander Acland-Hood, Edward Carson and others at a meeting of the Constitutional Club on 8 November 1910, but they failed to reach a consensus and the idea of including or excluding food duties continued to be something that divided the party.

In 1917, he followed Sun to Guangzhou where he continued to lead its " extraordinary session " during the Constitutional Protection Movement.

The Constitutional Protection War continued through 1918.

" A new body, a three-member Constitutional Offices Commission is established for the first time ; two other bodies, the Public Service Commission ( four to six members ) and the Disciplined Services Commission ( three members, formerly known as the Police Service Commission ), both established by the former 1990 constitution, are continued in existence.

While the Whigs disintegrated in the 1850s, East Tennesseans continued their opposition to Southern Democrats with the Opposition Party and the Constitutional Union Party, the latter capturing the state's electoral votes in 1860.

* 1917: Most of the party merged into the ⇒ Constitutional Democratic Party, some continued as the Radical Democratic Party ( Radikal ' no-Demokraticheskaya Partiya ).

The newly created Cabinet position of Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs ( originally created to wholly replace the Lord Chancellor's executive function ) continued, although the holder of that Cabinet post — renamed Secretary of State for Justice in 2007 — currently also holds the office of Lord Chancellor.

The Commission on Constitutional Revision presented its report and recommendations to Governor Godwin and the General Assembly in January 1969, and continued to work with them to draft a final consensus version.

The fine balance of the seat continued in the 1975 elections to the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention when UUC gained 52 % of the vote ( with the small Unionist Party of Northern Ireland gaining an additional 2. 3 %).

He continued his post as Secretary for Home Affairs on July 8, 1997 and took up the appointment as Secretary for Constitutional Affairs on August 4, 1997.

* France: In June 2009, the Constitutional Council, France's highest court, declared access to the Internet to be a basic human right in a strongly-worded decision that struck down portions of the HADOPI law, a law that would have tracked abusers and without judicial review automatically cut off network access to those who continued to download illicit material after two warnings

The last attempt was in 2000, when the project was rejected by the Constitutional Court, because it allocated funds from the national budget, which, under the Chilean Constitution, is a privilege of the President.

Constitutional nationalism enjoyed its greatest success in the 1880s and 1890s when the Irish Parliamentary Party under Charles Stewart Parnell succeeded in having two Home Rule bills introduced by the Liberal government of William Ewart Gladstone, though both failed.

::: Where the institutions of the Republic, the independence of the Nation, the integrity of its territory or the fulfilment of its international commitments are under serious and immediate threat, and where the proper functioning of the constitutional public authorities is interrupted, the President of the Republic shall take measures required by these circumstances, after formally consulting the Prime Minister, the Presidents of the Houses of Parliament and the Constitutional Council. He shall address the Nation and inform it of such measures. The measures shall be designed to provide the constitutional public authorities as swiftly as possible, with the means to carry out their duties.

Judicial review exists under certain conditions in the Constitutional Court, or Corte Costituzionale, which can reject anti-constitutional laws after scrutiny.

As he described in his article, in 2003, U. S. Senator Rick Santorum commented on a pending U. S. Supreme Court case involving sodomy laws ( primarily as a matter of Constitutional rights to Privacy and Equal Protection under the Law ).

The Province of Upper Canada was created under the Constitutional Act of 1791, within several years of the end of the American Revolutionary War.

His Surgical Observations on the Constitutional Origin and Treatment of Local Diseases ( 1809 ) — known as " My Book ", from the great frequency with which he referred his patients to it, and to page 72 of it in particular, under that name — was one of the earliest popular works on medical science.

In addition to Miranda confession may be challenged under the Massiah Doctrine, the Voluntariness Standard, Provisions of Federal and State rules of criminal procedure and State Constitutional provisions.

Constitutional rights are protected under common law and are strengthened by the Bill of Rights Act 1990 and Human Rights Act 1993, although these are not entrenched and can be overturned by Parliament with a simple majority.

Where the institutions of the Republic, the independence of the Nation, the integrity of its territory or the fulfilment of its international commitments are under serious and immediate threat, and where the proper functioning of the constitutional public authorities is interrupted, the President of the Republic shall take the measures required by these circumstances, after formally consulting the Prime Minister, the Presidents of the assemblies and the Constitutional Council.

In June 1969, however, they were temporarily paroled under an amnesty for political prisoners, but in November of that year, the Federal Constitutional Court ( Bundesverfassungsgericht ) demanded that they return to custody.

Other projects under construction are the " Macedonian Struggle " Museum, the Archeological Museum of Macedonia, National Archive of Macedonia, Constitutional Court, and a new Philharmonic Theater.

The preamble of the Constitution Party platform " gratefully acknowledges the blessing of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ as Creator, Preserver and Ruler of the Universe and of these United States ," and supports the Constitutional provision in Article VI, Section 3 that " no religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the United States " and calls on all those who love liberty and value their inherent rights to join with them in the pursuit of their goals.

At the Russian parliamentary elections in 1995, with a threshold excluding parties under 5 %, more than 45 % of votes were unrepresented ( in 1998, Russian Constitutional Court found the threshold legal, taking into account limits in its use ).

Since the Supreme Court's ruling in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission in 2010, upholding the rights of corporations to make political expenditures under the First Amendment, there have been several calls for a US Constitutional amendment to abolish Corporate Personhood.

Between 1956 and 2011, Tunisia operated as a de-facto single party state, with politics dominated by the secular Constitutional Democratic Rally ( RCD ) under former Presidents Habib Bourgiba and then Zine el Abidine Ben Ali.

The Attorney General's Office is a Constitutional body under the Interim Constitution of Nepal.

On 12 December 1915, Yuan agreed to become the next emperor and proclaimed himself Emperor of the Chinese Empire ( 中華帝國大皇帝 ) under the era name of Hongxian ( 洪憲 ; i. e. Constitutional Abundance ) beginning 1 January 1916.

The Federal Constitutional Court decides on the constitutionality of laws and government actions under the following circumstances:

There are many government entities and offices that are under neither executive, legislative, judicial, or local control, but operate independently on a Constitutional, statutory, or common law basis.

In 1965 the county seat was moved to Port Saint Joe, which under its original name Saint Joseph, had been the site of Florida's first Constitutional Convention in 1838.

The Court's taxation decisions thus " reflected a central concern of the Framers that was an immediate reason for calling the Constitutional Convention: the conviction that in order to succeed, the new Union would have to avoid the tendencies toward economic Balkanization that had plagued relations among the Colonies and later among the States under the Articles of Confederation.

Rex Edwin Lee ( February 27, 1935 — March 11, 1996 ) from St. Johns, Arizona was a Constitutional lawyer, a law clerk for former U. S. Supreme Court Justice Byron White, and the United States Solicitor General under the Reagan administration.