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Croesus, secure in his own wealth and happiness, poses the question and is disappointed by Solon's response: that three have been happier than Croesus, Tellus, who died fighting for his country, and Kleobis and Biton, brothers who died peacefully in their sleep when their mother prayed for their perfect happiness, after they had demonstrated filial piety by drawing her to a festival in an oxcart themselves.
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Croesus and secure
Croesus, now feeling secure, formed an alliance with Sparta in addition to those he had with Amasis II of Egypt and Nabonidus of Babylonia, and launched his campaign against the Persian Empire in 547 BC.
Croesus and own
" Believing the response favorable, Croesus attacked, but it was his own empire that ultimately was destroyed by the Persians.
It became clear that the powerful empire Croesus was about to destroy was his own.
His son Adrastus accidentally killed his own brother and fled to Lydia where Croesus gave him asylum.
At the Battle of Pteria () in 547 BC, the Persian forces of Cyrus the Great fought a drawn battle with the invading Lydian forces of Croesus, forcing Croesus to withdraw back west into his own kingdom.
" Croesus received these words with delight, instigating a war that would ironically and eventually end not the Persian Empire but his own.
The account of Herodotus from his Histories provides the second-longest detail, in which Cyrus met his fate in a fierce battle with the Massagetae, a tribe from the southern deserts of Khwarezm and Kyzyl Kum in the southernmost portion of the steppe regions of modern-day Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, following the advice of Croesus to attack them in their own territory.
However, the device of a true prophecy which is disastrously misunderstood and leading to wrong action is well-attested in the Classical World, for example the case of Croesus who was told that if he goes to war with Persia he would destroy a great kingdom – which ended up turning out to refer to his own kingdom, conquered and annexed by Cyrus as a result of the war to which Croesus was encouraged by the prophecy.
Croesus attacked, destroying his own empire.
Croesus and wealth
If twice or three times that does not suffice, then not even the wealth of Croesus or of Persia will suffice.
" Croesus was renowned for his wealth — Herodotus and Pausanias noted his gifts preserved at Delphi.
Croesus ' wealth remained proverbial beyond classical antiquity: in English, expressions such as " rich as Croesus " or " richer than Croesus " are used to indicate great wealth to this day.
King Croesus, famous for his wealth, was Gyges ' descendant.
This immense wealth earned Sutton the nicknames among his contemporaries of " Croesus " and " Riche Sutton ".
Sardis, in Salihli, was the ancient capital of Lydia, once ruled by King Croesus, who was renowned for his wealth.
Croesus ' wealth had repercussions on a number of Asian cultures in a vein similar to his fame in the western cultures, and is referred to either as Qarun ( Arabic ) or Karun ( Turkish ), with the mythical proportions of his fortune also echoed in various ways, parallel to the English language expression " as rich as Croesus ".
Croesus and happiness
This honor bestowed upon the children was later used by Solon, as a proof while trying to convince Croesus that it is impossible to judge a person's happiness until they have died a fruitful death after a joyous life.
Croesus ' hubristic happiness was reversed by the tragic deaths of his accidentally-killed son and, in Critias, his wife's suicide at the fall of Sardis.
Thus the " happiness " of Croesus is presented as a moralistic exemplum of the fickleness of Tyche, a theme that gathered strength from the fourth century, revealing its late date.
Croesus and is
The first nine probably date from the 3rd century BC, they are usually included among the Cynic epistles, and reflect how the Cynic philosophers viewed him as prefiguring many of their ideas ; the tenth letter is quoted by Diogenes Laertius, it is addressed to Croesus, the proverbially rich king of Lydia, it too is fictitious:
A third Midas is said by Herodotus to have been a member of the royal house of Phrygia and the grandfather of an Adrastus who fled Phrygia after accidentally killing his brother and took asylum in Lydia during the reign of Croesus.
* 546 BC — Croesus, Lydian king, is defeated by Cyrus of Persia near the River Halys.
Croesus is credited with issuing the first true gold coins with a standardised purity for general circulation.
Herodotus presents the Lydian accounts of the conversation with Solon ( Histories 1. 29 -. 33 ), the tragedy of Croesus ' son Atys ( Histories 1. 34 -. 45 ) and the fall of Croesus ( Histories 1. 85 -. 89 ); Xenophon instances Croesus in his panegyric fictionalized biography of Cyrus: Cyropaedia, 7. 1 ; and Ctesias, whose account is also an encomium of Cyrus.
It is not known when exactly Croesus died, although it is traditionally dated 547 BC, after Cyrus ' conquest.
The episode of Croesus ' interview with Solon reported by Herodotus is in the nature of a philosophical disquisition on the subject " Which man is happy?
This is Herodotus's account ( Histories 1. 31 ) of the story and it comes couched as advice from Solon the Athenian to Croesus as to who the most blessed people in history are.
Cyrus has been known for sparing the lives of the kings whom he had defeated, an idea that is based on his treatment of King Croesus of Lydia, who was allowed to live after his defeat at King Cyrus's court as an advisor.
This is according to Herodotus who also states that Croesus was first sentenced to death by burning, and was only allowed to live after showing his wisdom.
* Krösus Sork (" Croesus Vole ") is an evil capitalist ; born as a banker's son he was forced to play second fiddle to his brother Slösus ( rough translation " wasteus ") who couldn't put a foot wrong.
This is a pun on the ancient kingdom of Lydia — as Donald asks whether King Croesus really existed, his uncle Scrooge asks him if he has never heard about Lydia, to which Donald replies that he learned all about Lydia on last night's late movie.
Shortly after, he joined Vinnette Carroll's Urban Arts Company appearing in these productions: But Never Jam Today, The Lottery, Old Judge Mose is Dead, Moon on a Rainbow Shawl, Step Lively Boys, Croesus, and The Witch.
According to the Greek author Herodotus, Cyrus treated Croesus well and with respect after the battle, but this is contradicted by the Nabonidus Chronicle, one of the Babylonian Chronicles ( although whether or not the text refers to Lydia's king or prince is unclear ).
Croesus and by
His oracular shrine in Abae in Phocis, where he bore the toponymic epithet Abaeus (, Apollon Abaios ) was important enough to be consulted by Croesus ( Herodotus, 1. 46 ).
He was succeeded by his son Croesus.
It was famous in antiquity for its oracle of Apollo Abaeus, one of those consulted by Croesus, king of Lydia, and Mardonius, among others.
The defeat of Croesus by Cyrus was followed by the conquest of all the Ionian cities.
* 546 Croesus, rich king of Lydia, captured at Sardis by Persians
The great temple was built by Croesus, king of Lydia, in about 550 BC and was famous not only for its great size ( 110 metres by 55 metres ), but also for the magnificent works of art that adorned it.
King Croesus ' gold coins follow the first silver coins that had been minted by King Pheidon of Argos around 700 BC.
In 546 BC, Croesus was defeated and captured by the Persians, who then adopted gold as the main metal for their coins.
In Bacchylides ' ode, composed for Hiero of Syracuse, who won the chariot race at Olympia in 468, Croesus with his wife and family mounted the funeral pyre, but before the flames could envelop the king, he was snatched up by Apollo and spirited away to the Hyperboreans.
Herodotus tells us that in the Lydian account, Croesus was placed upon a great pyre by Cyrus ' orders, for Cyrus wanted to see if any of the heavenly powers would appear to save him from being burned alive.
Cyrus, convinced by this that Croesus was a good man, made Croesus an advisor who served Cyrus ' well ' and later Cyrus's son by Cassandane, Cambyses.
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