Its original name was simply Advanced Research Projects Agency ( ARPA ), but it was renamed to " DARPA " ( for Defense ) in March 1972, then renamed " ARPA " again in February 1993, and then renamed " DARPA " again in March 1996.

This language was then followed by an extension entitled DAML + OIL which included researchers outside of the DARPA program in the design.

Intrigued by Benveniste's claims that biological interactions could be digitized, the US Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) asked Dr. Wayne Jonas, homeopath and then director of the US National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine, to organize an attempt at independently replicating the claimed results.

It is unusual for DARPA to be involved with advanced development programs ; the agency normally performs proof-of-concept demonstrations and then hands follow-on programs on to interested military services.

Apparently this arrangement was driven from the office of the secretary of defense, the idea being that DARPA would be able to keep the development effort on track until advanced demonstrators were available, and then the program would have so much momentum that it would keep on going.

The Survivable Radio Network ( SURAN ) project was sponsored by DARPA in the 1980s to develop a set of mobile ad-hoc network ( MANET ) radio-routers, then known as " packet radios ".

In September 2007, DARPA contracted Textron Systems to supply an alternate laser module using its proprietary “ ThinZag ” ceramic solid-state technology.

Engelbart's research was funded by DARPA, and SRI's ARC became involved with the ARPANET, the precursor of the Internet.

DARPA was established during 1958 ( as ARPA ) in response to the Soviet launching of Sputnik during 1957, with the mission of keeping U. S. military technology more sophisticated than that of the nation's potential enemies.

Concerning information processing, DARPA made great progress, initially through its support of the development of time-sharing ( all modern operating systems rely on concepts invented for the Multics system, developed by a cooperation among Bell Labs, General Electric and MIT, which DARPA supported by funding Project MAC at MIT with an initial two-million-dollar grant ).

The Mansfield Amendment of 1973 expressly limited appropriations for defense research ( through ARPA / DARPA ) to projects with direct military application.

The Strategic Computing Program enabled DARPA to exploit advanced processing and networking technologies and to rebuild and strengthen relationships with universities after the Vietnam War.

In fall 2011, DARPA hosted the 100 Year Starship Symposium with the aim of getting the public to start thinking seriously about interstellar travel.

* Autonomy and freedom from bureaucratic impediments: DARPA has an exemption from Title V civilian personnel specifications, which provides for a direct authority to hire talents with the expediency not allowed by the standard civil service processes.

This provides DARPA the flexibility to get into and out of an area without the burden of sustaining staff, while building cooperative alliances with its “ agents .” These outside agents help create a constituency in their respective organizations for adopting the technology.

In 1977, DARPA created a packet radio network called PRNET in the San Francisco Bay area and conducted a series of experiments with SRI to verify the use of ARPANET ( a precursor to the Internet ) communications protocols ( later known as IP ) over packet radio links between mobile and fixed network nodes.

The most public RISC designs, however, were the results of university research programs run with funding from the DARPA VLSI Program.

Crocker discusses computer networks, artificial intelligence research, and his work at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ); interactions with other DARPA personnel including Cordell Green, Barry Wessler, Larry Roberts, Bob Kahn, and David Russell.

Also in 1994, DARPA started the Smart Modules Program to develop a modular, humionic approach to wearable and carryable computers, with the goal of producing a variety of products including computers, radios, navigation systems and human-computer interfaces that have both military and commercial use.

It was founded at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Laboratory for Computer Science ( MIT / LCS ) with support from the European Commission and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ), which had pioneered the Internet and its predecessor ARPANET.

In 2007 DARPA researchers announced a 16 element phased array integrated with all necessary circuits to send at 30 – 50 GHz on a single silicon chip for military purposes.

In 2007, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) revealed a program to develop technology for a UAV with an endurance capability of over 5 years.

Proposed by the US Navy in 1996, it has since had funding problems, with the United States Congress cancelling some funding, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) providing some funding to individual contractors for prototypes.

RIT has collaborated with many industry players in the field of research as well, including IBM, Xerox, Rochester's Democrat and Chronicle, Siemens, NASA, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ).

; 1994: NSF, together with DARPA and NASA, launches the Digital Library Initiative.

Norman continued his work to further human centered design by serving on numerous University and Government advisory boards such as with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ).

In 1964 the University signed a contract with DARPA to fund the effort, which became known as ILLIAC IV, since it was the fourth computer designed and created at the University.

Other recent research highlights include studies of the effects of sleep and sleep loss on human cognitive functioning, work to advance shock compression science with contracts awarded to the WSU Institute for Shock Physics by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ) and the Department of Energy, and a program funded by the National Science Foundation that trains doctoral students to analyze evolutionary processes.

The United States Army has scrapped the TRANSTAC Program and is developing in conjunction with DARPA, the BOLT ( Broad Operational Language Translation ) in its place.

In the 1960s, BBN was involved in a number of LISP-based artificial intelligence projects for DARPA, many of which had very large ( for the era ) memory requirements.

The standard itself is very closely patterned after the original SIMNET distributed interactive simulation protocol, developed by Bolt, Beranek and Newman ( BBN ) for Defense Advanced Research Project Agency ( DARPA ) in the early through late 1980s.

" Such examples of modern military wargames include DARWARS, a serious game developed since 2003 by the US DARPA agency with BBN Technologies, a defense contractor which was involved in the development of packet switching, used for ARPANET, and which developed the first computer modem in 1963.

This group was jointly funded by the DARPA ( under the DAML program ) and the European Union's Information Society Technologies ( IST ) funding project.

Interlisp became a popular Lisp development tool for AI researchers at Stanford University and elsewhere in the DARPA community.

The Centennial Challenges are based on a long history of technology prize contests, including the Longitude prize ( won by John Harrison ), the Orteig Prize ( won by Charles Lindbergh ), the Ansari X PRIZE ( won by Scaled Composites ), and the DARPA Grand Challenge ( won by Stanford University in 2005 and Carnegie Mellon University in 2007 ).

BIND was written by Douglas Terry, Mark Painter, David Riggle and Songnian Zhou in the early 1980s at the University of California, Berkeley as a result of a DARPA grant.

The Morris worm prompted DARPA to fund the establishment of the CERT / CC at Carnegie Mellon University to give experts a central point for coordinating responses to network emergencies.

The High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program ( HAARP ) is an ionospheric research program jointly funded by the U. S. Air Force, the U. S. Navy, the University of Alaska, and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ).

The BLEEX was funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ), and developed by the Berkeley Robotics and Human Engineering Laboratory, a unit within the University of California, Berkeley Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Research on BCIs began in the 1970s at the University of California Los Angeles ( UCLA ) under a grant from the National Science Foundation, followed by a contract from DARPA.

to DARPA written by Kris Pister, Joe Kahn, and Bernhard Boser, all from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1997.

SLS was developed and patented by Dr. Carl Deckard at the University of Texas at Austin in the mid-1980s, under sponsorship of DARPA.

The Johns Hopkins Center for Language and Speech Processing ( CLSP ) was established at Johns Hopkins University in 1992 with support from the U. S. government ( NSF, DARPA, DoD ).

He discusses his move to Washington University, and the later work there on DARPA / IPTO sponsored macromodule project.

When he was building up the University of Utah department in 1968 he managed to convince Ivan Sutherland ( who had funded Evans ' DARPA research ) to come to Utah, accepting the condition that they start a computer graphics company together.

The NSF / DARPA funded Workshop on Development and Learning was held April 5 – 7, 2000 at Michigan State University.

Researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Georgia Institute of Technology, with the support of DARPA and NATO C3 Agency, have shown that it is possible to build a synthetic aperture image of an aircraft target using passive multistatic radar.