Larger DS3 signals can also have their DS0 signals switched in Digital Network Unit SONET ( DNUS ) units, without demultiplexing them into DS1.

Each VTG can then be subdivided into four VT1. 5 signals, each of which can carry a PDH DS1 signal.

Within Telecommunications operations, a D4 Bank also refers to a type of multiplexer which mux's 24 DS0 signals into a single DS1.

The input reference signals can be either DS1 or Composite Clock ( CC ) signals, and the output signals can also be DS1 or CC signals ( or both ).

* An input timing interface that accepts DS1 or CC input signals

* An output timing distribution component that utilizes the timing signals from the timing generation component to create multiple DS1 and CC output signals

* This level of carrier can transport 28 DS1 level signals within its payload.

This specification defined a method of creating a service out of mapping TDM DS0 and DS1 / E1 Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy ( PDH ) signals into Asynchronous Transfer Mode ( ATM ) cells.

SONET and SDH, which are essentially the same, were originally designed to transport circuit mode communications ( e. g., DS1, DS3 ) from a variety of different sources, but they were primarily designed to support real-time, uncompressed, circuit-switched voice encoded in PCM format.

In this system, twenty-four ( 24 ) DS0s are multiplexed into a DS1 signal.

DS1 is the logical bit pattern used over a physical T1 line ; however, the terms " DS1 " and " T1 " are often used interchangeably.

" Split 50 " 66 blocks are still used as network interface blocks in distribution frames to interconnect circuits with bridging clips, but are primarily limited to narrowband circuits such as POTS / DSL, DS0, or DS1 circuits.

In this arrangement, receivers at remote sites are connected to the voting comparator by private telephone lines, a channel in a D4 channel bank on a DS1, or an analog microwave baseband channel.

A DS1 signal at a DSX-1 is measured typically at 6 Volts Peak-to-peak ( 0dBdsx signal level at 772 kHz Nyquist ) at plus or minus 1. 2 volts to permit easy interconnection of DS1 equipment NCI Code = 04DS9 / /).

Although the engine produces just 92 millinewtons ( 0. 331 ounce-force ) thrust at maximum power ( 2, 100W on DS1 ), the craft achieved high speeds because ion engines thrust continuously for long periods.

Once at a target, DS1 senses the particle environment with the PEPE ( Plasma Experiment for Planetary Exploration ) instrument.

* DS1 = The second digital telephone switch at that location

When a DS1 is transported over metallic outside plant cable, the signal travels over conditioned cable pairs known as a T1 span.

For voice DS1 lines, the calculation is mostly the same, except that the port ( required for Internet access ) is replaced by LDU ( otherwise known as Long Distance Usage ).

A DS1 circuit is made up of twenty-four 8-bit channels ( also known as timeslots or DS0s ), each channel being a 64 kbit / s DS0 multiplexed carrier circuit.

Deep Space 1 ( DS1 ) is a spacecraft of the NASA New Millennium Program dedicated to testing a payload of advanced, high risk technologies.

ABLE Engineering developed the concentrator technology and built the solar array for DS1, with Entech Inc, who supplied the Fresnel optics, and the NASA Glenn Research Center.

* Multipat-This test generates 5 commonly used test patterns to allow DS1 span testing without having to select each test pattern individually.

ATM, a particularly popular form of cell relay, is most commonly used for home DSL connections, which often runs between 128 kbit / s and 1. 544 Mbit / s ( DS1 ), and for high-speed backbone connections ( OC-3 and faster ).

CSUs can be categorized by the class of service they support DS1, DS3, DDS, etc.

On the WAN side, the DSU, via a CSU, interfaces with a digital carrier such as DS1 or DS3 or a low speed Digital Data Service.

When carried over copper wire, this is the well-known T-carrier system, with T1 and T3 corresponding to DS1 and DS3, respectively.

Engineers developed higher-speed DSL facilities such as High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line ( HDSL ) and Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line ( SDSL ) to provision traditional Digital Signal 1 ( DS1 ) services over standard copper pair facilities.

The DS1 line rate ( 2 digroups plus overhead bits ) is 1. 544 Mbit / s, supporting 24 voice channels or their equivalent in other services.

The DS1 line rate ( 2 digroups plus overhead bits ) is 2. 048 Mbit / s, supporting 30 voice channels or their equivalent in other services.

TD microwave radio relay systems were also fitted with high rate modems to allow them to carry a DS1 signal in a portion of their FM spectrum that had too poor quality for voice service.

The 20-to-1 ratio for cochannel interference embodies one of the fundamental limiting principles which we must always take into account in AM assignments and allocations -- that signals from a particular station are potential sources of objectionable interference over an area much greater than that within which they provide useful service.

But during nighttime hours the skywave radiations are reflected from the ionosphere, thereby creating the possibility of one station's rendering service, via skywave, at a much greater distance than it can through its groundwave signal, and at the same time vastly complicating the interference problem because of the still greater distance over which these skywave signals may cause interference to the signals of stations on the same and closely adjacent frequencies.

It was recognized that skywave signals, because of their reflected nature, are of great variability and subject to wide fluctuations in strength.

Interlocking signals are normally at stop or `` red '' position, and a lever must be pulled to `` clear '' the signal.

The linguistic and paralinguistic signals of misery are all present in the voice chart for this sentence ; ;

so are certain signals that she does not accept divorce.

The clocks are compared using GPS signals and Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer.

Axons are distinguished from dendrites by several features, including shape ( dendrites often taper while axons usually maintain a constant radius ), length ( dendrites are restricted to a small region around the cell body while axons can be much longer ), and function ( dendrites usually receive signals while axons usually transmit them ).

Compared to digital signals, analog signals are of higher density.

Changes in pottery composition, structure and decoration are signals of social change in the archaeological record.

In a common technique of acoustic measurement, acoustic signals are sampled in time, and then presented in more meaningful forms such as octave bands or time frequency plots.

Video cards are designed for inputting and outputting video signals, and processing and manipulating video.

Audio signals are sound waves — longitudinal waves which travel through air, consisting of compressions and rarefactions.

These audio signals are measured in bels or in decibels.

* echo-to simulate the effect of reverberation in a large hall or cavern, one or several delayed signals are added to the original signal.

When large numbers of delayed signals are mixed over several seconds, the resulting sound has the effect of being presented in a large room, and it is more commonly called reverberation or reverb for short.

* phaser-another way of creating an unusual sound ; the signal is split, a portion is filtered with an all-pass filter to produce a phase-shift, and then the unfiltered and filtered signals are mixed.

The monochrome combinations still existing in the 1950s are standardized by the International Telecommunication Union ( ITU ) as capital letters A through N. When color television was introduced, the hue and saturation information was added to the monochrome signals in a way that black & white televisions ignore.

Most AC-III's are integral membrane proteins involved in transducing extracellular signals into intracellular responses.

This is supported by the fact that adenylate cyclases are coincidence detectors, meaning that they are activated only by several different signals occurring together.

Birds are social ; they communicate using visual signals and through calls and songs, and participate in social behaviours, including cooperative breeding and hunting, flocking, and mobbing of predators.