However, David Michael Kotz and Fred Weir, authors of Revolution from Above: The Demise of the Soviet System, argue that militarisation cannot be the prime cause for the economic stagnation, as military spending had historically been high ( 17 % of GNP in 1950 ) and had increased on par with economic growth without previously destabilising the economy.

The artwork was called environmental vandalism by the Environment minister, Dorothy Kotz, and graffiti by the South Australian chief of Aboriginal affairs, David Ruthman.

Weir is the co-author, along with David Michael Kotz, of Revolution from Above: The Demise of the Soviet System, published in 1996, which provides a new interpretation and research for the disintegration of the USSR.

For example, Daniel Dennett and Douglas Hofstadter argue that anything capable of passing the Turing test is necessarily conscious, while David Chalmers argues that a philosophical zombie could pass the test, yet fail to be conscious.

Scholars such as Frederick W. Mote argue that the wide drop in numbers reflects an administrative failure to record rather than an actual decrease ; others such as Timothy Brook argue that the Mongols created a system of enserfment among a huge portion of the Chinese populace, causing many to disappear from the census altogether ; other historians like William McNeill and David Morgan argue that the Bubonic Plague was the main factor behind the demographic decline during this period.

" David Hume claims that the philosophers who argue for a self that can be found using reason are confusing " similarity " with " identity ".

Ignored by many in " critical realist " circles, however, is that Kant's immediate impetus for writing his " Critique of Pure Reason " was to address problems raised by David Hume's skeptical empiricism which, in attacking metaphysics, employed reason and logic to argue against the knowability of the world and common notions of causation.

Also, some may argue that the word " Messiah " can be a formal title for Jesus Christ, but the meaning " anointed " can be attributed to others, such as King David, anointed to kingship, and his son Solomon.

Joseph Anderson and Barbara Fisher argue that the phi phenomena privileges a more constructionist approach to the cinema ( David Bordwell, Noël Carroll, Kirsten Thompson ), whereas the persistence of vision privileges a realist approach ( André Bazin, Christian Metz, Jean-Louis Baudry ).

Drawing from Jameson and other theorists, David Beard and Kenneth Gloag argue that, in music, postmodernism is not just an attitude but also an inevitability in the current cultural climate of fragmentation ( Beard and Gloag 2005, 141 – 45 ).

Professor John Brookfield and Professor David Papineau argue since there was a " first " chicken, it must have come from an egg which pre-dated that chicken.

Some philosophers, often inspired by David Lewis, argue that metaphysical concepts such as possibility, probability and necessity are best analyzed by comparing the world to a range of possible worlds ; a view commonly known as modal realism.

* Henri Wittmann ( 1999 ) and David argue that languages such as Manding, Soninke, Magoua French and Riau Indonesian have all these three features but show none of the sociohistoric traits of creole languages.

The reality of Juan Diego's existence has been questioned by a number of experts on the early religious history of New Spain including Bernardino de Sahagun, Joaquin Garcia Icazbalceta, Stafford Poole, Louise Burkhart and David Brading, who argue that there is a complete lack of sources about Juan Diego's existence prior to the publication of the Nican Mopohua a century later, in 1649 ( they do not accept the validity of the Codex Escalada as historical evidence ).

Biblical scholars argue that the town was probably on the eastern fringe of the Philistines ' territory, and that it was natural for it to be annexed to Judah when David became king.

Critics of Dennett's approach, such as David Chalmers and Thomas Nagel, argue that Dennett's argument misses the point of the inquiry by merely redefining consciousness as an external property and ignoring the subjective aspect completely.

* In the best selling semi-autobiographical novel The River Why ( 1983 ) by David James Duncan, The Compleat Angler serves as the most revered book in the irreverent fly fisherman Gus Orviston's childhood home, his parents quoting and misquoting the treatise to obsessively argue their respective sides of the artificial fly versus natural bait controversy.

Since Jerusalem has been destroyed and then subsequently rebuilt approximately 15 to 20 times since the time of David and Solomon, some argue much of the evidence could easily have been eliminated.

Others such as David Ussishkin argue that those who follow the biblical depiction of a united monarchy do so on the basis of limited evidence while hoping to uncover real archaeological proof in the future.

Although admirers would argue that Powell ought to rank alongside fellow British directors Alfred Hitchcock and David Lean, his career suffered a severe reversal after the release of the controversial psychological thriller film Peeping Tom, made in 1960 as a solo effort.

* Trial attorneys ( who argue the facts, such as the late Johnnie Cochran ) v. appellate attorneys ( who argue the law, such as David Boies )

Some Biblical commentators argue that the statement can be reconciled with extra-Biblical sources by interpreting the term to mean forefather or predecessor, as used elsewhere in Biblical texts, notably referring to the Patriarch Abraham as the father of King David.

Lord Owen continued to argue for engagement, criticising David Cameron's so-called ' veto ' in December 2011 arguing instead for a formal non-eurozone grouping with the right to join or leave the eurozone.

They go on to argue that, because the previous President's term had expired at noon, President pro tempore of the Senate David Rice Atchison was acting president for the day.

For example, Tim Kinger and David Mechner argue that " it is our belief that with better tools for representing and maintaining Go knowledge, it will be possible to develop stronger Go programs.

In the Sefer ha-Yarḥi, Abba Mari refers to the great caution shown by the rabbis of old as regards the teaching of the mysteries of philosophy, and recommended by men like the Hai Gaon, Maimonides, and David Kimhi.

It was because of this that when he was two months old, David Lynch moved with his parents to Sandpoint, Idaho, and only two years after that, following the birth of his brother John, the family again moved, this time to Spokane, Washington.

Yet with the death of the son of Saul, the elders of Israel come to Hebron and David, who is 30 years old, is anointed King over Israel and Judah.

When David has become old and bedridden, Adonijah, his eldest surviving son and natural heir, declares himself king and worthy to marry Abishag.

While others were leaving the country for new and greater opportunities, David stayed to help destroy the old order ; he was a regicide who voted in the National Convention for the Execution of Louis XVI.

It was the ideals that David linked to his Hercules that single-handedly transformed the figure from a sign of the old regime into a powerful new symbol of revolution.

Napoleon had high esteem for David, and asked him to accompany him to Egypt in 1798, but David refused, claiming he was too old for adventuring and sending instead his student, Antoine-Jean Gros.

It was around this time that Yale's three-year old son David Yale died and was interred in the Madras cemetery.

* List of articles about the Futurians and old Fandom by David Kyle

In the 2010 film The Sorcerer's Apprentice, modern day New Yorker David Stutler, played by Jay Baruchel, discovers he is the last descendant of Merlin and is trained as a sorcerer by Balthazar Blake, portrayed by Nicolas Cage, a former student of the great wizard, so that he may ultimately do battle with Merlin's old nemesis Morganna, played by Alice Krige.

According to the biblical First Book of Kings, when David was old, " he could not get warm.

Alec Guinness had previously played Lawrence in the play Ross, and was briefly considered for the part, but David Lean and Sam Spiegel thought him too old.

David " Zeb " Cook developed Planescape when he was assigned to create " a complete campaign world ( not just a place to visit ), survivable by low-level characters, as compatible with the old Manual of the Planes as possible, filled with a feeling of vastness without overwhelming the referee, distinct from all other TSR campaigns, free of the words " demon " and " devil " and explainable to Marketing in 25 words or less ".

In 1820 under the direction of David Jones, a Welsh missionary of the London Missionary Society, Radama I codified the new Malagasy Latin alphabet of 21 letters which replaced the old sorabe alphabet.

* " Drive-In Saturday " ( 1973 ) by David Bowie, depicting a world placed in 2033 in which its inhabitants have forgotten how to reproduce and need to watch old porn films to remember how it's done.

The prince was seven years old when his mother died in 1401 and a year later his elder brother David, Duke of Rothesay was probably murdered by their uncle Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany after being held at Albany's Falkland Castle.

* Edward and Canterbury Cathedral are mentioned in Chapter 52 of David Copperfield by Charles Dickens: " Yet the bells, when they sounded, told me sorrowfully of change in everything ; told me of their own age, and my pretty Dora's youth ; and of the many, never old, who had lived and loved and died, while the reverberations of the bells had hummed through the rusty armour of the Black Prince hanging up within, and, motes upon the deep of Time, had lost themselves in air, as circles do in water.

Mr Murdstone appears to show signs of repentance when confronted by Copperfield's aunt about his treatment of Clara and David, but later in the book we hear he has married another young woman and applied his old principles of " firmness ".

However, the FCC was influenced by RCA chairman David Sarnoff, who had the covert goal of disrupting the successful FM network that Edwin Armstrong had established on the old band.

Without Thomas, Susan or her uncle David ( Terry Kinney ) knowing, she takes the eggs and sticks them in a dresser located in her father ’ s old barn to incubate them.

She was chosen to be a helper and servant to David in his old age.

" However, with Jonathan about the same age as, if not older than, David, Ahinoam, the wife of Saul, would be too old to give birth to David's first-born son, Amnon.

David sent his old friend Hushai back to Absalom, in order that he might counteract the counsel of Ahitophel ( 2 Sam.

:" 8 Now David and his men went up and made raids against the Geshurites, the Girzites, and the Amalekites, for these were the inhabitants of the land from of old, as far as Shur, to the land of Egypt.