In his 1870 essay " On the Graphical Representation of Supply and Demand ", Fleeming Jenkin in the course of " introduc the diagrammatic method into the English economic literature " published the first drawing of supply and demand curves therein, including comparative statics from a shift of supply or demand and application to the labor market.

However, Hicks analyzed the situation through indifference curves and noted that when the Marshallian Demand Curve exhibits perfect inelasticity, the policy or economic situation which caused a distortion in relative prices will have a substitution effect and that this substitution effect is a deadweight loss.

The effect of the tariff would limit imports and create a higher demand for domestically produced widgets ( Q < sub > S2 </ sub >-Q < sub > S1 </ sub >) but have no effect on consumer prices, since the graph shows that for all quantities to the left of the intersection of the Supply and Demand curves, consumers will buy whatever widgets enter the market.

Demand curves resemble a series of waves rather than a straight line.

In his book The Intellectual and the Marketplace, for instance, he proposed Stigler's Law of Demand and Supply Elasticities, that " all demand curves are inelastic and all supply curves are inelastic too.

The conditions under which immiserizing growth might be able to occur are extreme: Strongly export-biased growth must be combined with very steep Relative Supply and Relative Demand curves, so that the change in the terms of trade is large enough to offset the direct favorable effects of an increase in a country ’ s productive capacity.

Demand in English and demande in French or domanda in Italian are representative of a particularly treacherous sort of false friend, in which – despite a common origin – the words have differently shaded meanings.

Demand and supply are also used in macroeconomic theory to relate money supply and money demand to interest rates, and to relate labor supply and labor demand to wage rates.

Channels are assigned either through preassignment or through Demand Assigned Multiple Access ( DAMA ).

Demand for most goods and services falls, less production is needed and consequently fewer workers are needed, wages are sticky and do not fall to meet the equilibrium level, and mass unemployment results.

Demand assignment is similar to conventional telephone switching, in which common trunks are provided for many users, on a demand basis, through a limited-size trunk group.

This graph also shows that as long as P < sub > tariff </ sub > does not fall above the intersection of the Supply and Demand lines, then an equilibrium can be reached in which there are no shortages of demand or excesses of supply, and so Japan's industry can produce and sell widgets to the same degree as manufacturers in any other country.

Demand curve with external costs ; if social costs are not accounted for price is too low to cover all costs and hence quantity produced is unnecessarily high ( because the producers of the good and their customers are essentially underpaying the total, real factors of production.

All eight seasons and 24: Redemption are also available for purchase or rental on iTunes, Netflix, Amazon Video on Demand, and the Zune Marketplace.

In the 2000s, Showtime began test marketing a subscription-video-on-demand SVOD system ; the subscription-video-on-demand channel called Showtime On Demand, which users are able to see episodes of Showtime original series, movies, adult programming and boxing, was launched officially in 2002.

Service includes Fixed Route and Demand Responsive services that are offered Monday through Saturday

* Moonstone Books published a series of comic book adaptations of Vampire: The Masquerade which are now hard to find, but some of them made it into DriveThruRPG's Print on Demand service.

Demand for new houses is also a contentious issue as many of the sites for proposed development are areas such as fields or woodland that some local residents feel should be left as they are.

In August 2011, Cinemax introduced a new logo in line with promotional efforts for Strike Back, with a diagonal-cut yellow line with uppercase black " CINEMAX " lettering ; only the " MAX " portion is used for Cinemax on Demand and Max Go ( for both services, a tilted black box is added next to the yellow / black " MAX " to fit either " OD " " on demand " or " GO "), along with the linear multiplex channels ( for the multiplex channels, the prefix titles for each channel are added before it with no line treatment ).

Demand loans are short term loans that are atypical in that they do not have fixed dates for repayment and carry a floating interest rate which varies according to the prime rate.

Demand is raised to ' make plan ,' increasing ( mura ), when the " numbers " are low, which causes production to try to squeeze extra capacity from the process, which causes routines and standards to be modified or stretched.

Demand for places is high for a number of reasons: most rooms are singles, the community life is accepting and diverse and most main academic buildings are right across the street.

All 12 episodes from Season 1 & 2 are currently available for download on iTunes and Amazon on Demand.

Demand for Item-How many people are trying to collect the same certificate?

HR departments around the world have decided on Business English Tests ( BET ) to select, place, monitor progress and motivate personnel because BET tests are: Professional & Authentic ( HR tool research & evidence-based, designed, developed and administered by ENERGIZERS, a truly global advisory boutique & market leader in expert HR, home to FULBRIGHT Scholars and faculty from top-ranked universities in the US & EU ), Energizing & Candidate-Friendly ( Boosting skills & confidence ), Valid ( Performance on the measure is related to what the measure is designed to assess ), Reliable ( Measurement is free from random error ; tests generating consistent results ) and available On Demand ( Whenever & wherever required ).

Demand management and Keynesian economics ( helicopter money ) are sometimes cited as mild forms of economic planning, designed to overcome cyclical instability inherent in market economies, or to make market economies function properly in a desired fashion.

Adam Smith used the phrase in his 1776 book The Wealth of Nations, and David Ricardo titled one chapter of his 1817 work Principles of Political Economy and Taxation " On the Influence of Demand and Supply on Price ".

Demand for the ability to create larger game files led Graham Nelson to specify versions 7 and 8 of the Z-machine, though version 7 is very rarely used.

The term Set-Back Box is used in the digital TV industry to describe a piece of consumer hardware that enables them to access both linear broadcast and internet-based video content, plus a range of interactive services like Electronic Programme Guides ( EPG ), Pay Per View ( PPV ) and Video on Demand ( VOD ) as well as internet browsing, and view them on a large screen television set.

Demand for the real 808 sound is so great that street prices for a used machine have remained close to what the cost of a new TR-808 was upon its initial release in 1980 when adjusted for inflation.

These Demand Notes were paid out to creditors directly and used to meet the payroll of soldiers in the field.

U. S. Demand Notes — which were used, among other things, to pay Union soldiers — were unredeemable, and the value of the notes began to deteriorate.

The Act also called for the new notes to be used to replace the Demand Notes as soon as practical.

* Print on Demand – digital printing is used for personalized printing for example, children's books customized with a child's name, photo books ( such as wedding photo books ), or any other short run books of varying page quantities and binding techniques.

* On Demand Scan used in software product McAfee virus Scan

It used to run on DEC Tru64 and Microsoft Windows NT, Demand for the Tru64 version was so low that support was dropped.

Elastic Demand for Work: A doubling of fuel efficiency more than doubles work demanded, increasing the amount of fuel used.

Inelastic Demand for Work: A doubling of fuel efficiency does not double work demanded, the amount of fuel used decreases.

Incidentally, the Starz On Demand name was also used for an online broadband streaming movie service operated by Starz and RealNetworks from 2003 to 2004.

* A Demand Letter used to collect a debt or penalties due to a breach of contract

There is some question whether the Law of Demand was developed by Gregory King and then used in some of Charles Davenant ’ s writings or whether King and Davenant jointly developed the idea based on King ’ s statistical work and published their theory in Davenant ’ s pamphlets.

Demand deposits are usually considered part of the narrowly defined money supply, as they can be used, via checks and drafts, as a means of payment for goods and services and to settle debts.

* Power on Demand power supplies are used for pulsed medical ion laser systems, these power supplies consist of a large capacitor bank charged by a switching supply to enable multi watt lasers to run off common single phase power supplies in doctor's offices.

Top row: The distinctive green ink used on the backs of Demand Notes gave rise to the term " greenbacks " Bottom row: Prominent design elements used on the front of $ 5 and $ 20 Demand Notes ( located respectively under their denomination ); pictured in the middle is the front of a $ 10 Demand Note with prominent design elements listed