During January – February 2007, Armenia ’ s trade with Russia and other former Soviet republics was $ 205. 6 million ( double the amount from the same period the previous year ), making them the country ’ s number one trading partner.

During Soviet times, Armenia's rail network connected to Russia's via Georgia through Abkhazia along the Black Sea.

During the Soviet times, people with Ainu surnames were sent to gulags and labor camps, as they were often mistaken for the Japanese.

During the Invasion of the Kuril Islands, Akira Nakamura ( b. 1897 ) was captured by the Soviet army and his elder son Takeshi Nakamura ( 1925 – 1945 ) was killed in the battle.

During World War II, Abadan was a major logistics center for Lend-Lease aircraft being sent to the Soviet Union by the United States.

* During the 1980s, the block of 16th Street NW between L and M streets, in front of the Soviet embassy, in Washington, D. C. was renamed " Andrei Sakharov Place " as a form of protest against his 1980 arrest and detention.

During the 1930s and 1940s Joseph Stalin's NKVD carried out numerous assassinations outside of the Soviet Union, such as the killings of Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists leader Yevhen Konovalets, Ignace Poretsky, Fourth International secretary Rudolf Klement, Leon Trotsky, and the Workers ' Party of Marxist Unification ( POUM ) leadership in Catalonia.

During the Soviet Union's blockade of West Berlin in 1948, the commanders of the Berlin airlift had cabled Capp, requesting inflatable shmoos as part of " Operation: Little Vittles.

During his time in the former Soviet Union he founded the Jewish University, both in Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

During the Cold War, U. S. Navy P-3 Orion antisubmarine warfare squadrons patrolled the North Atlantic Ocean for Soviet Navy submarines and surface warships.

During the time of perestroika and after the dissolution of the Soviet Union media expression flourished, with a wide variety of newspapers that presented a wide variety of points of view.

During Barbarossa, massive encirclements netted nearly 3, 500, 000 Soviet prisoners along with masses of equipment.

During World War II, the Soviet Union annexed several countries as Soviet Socialist Republics within the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

During the 1930s, multiple acts of cannibalism were reported from Ukraine and Russia's Volga, South Siberian and Kuban regions during the Soviet famine of 1932 – 1933.

During the Cold War, the ČSLA was equipped primarily with Soviet arms, although certain arms like the OT-64 SKOT armored personnel carrier, the L-29 Delfín and L-39 Albatros aircraft, the P-27 Pancéřovka antitank rocket launcher, the Sa vz.

During the Cold War period both the United States and the Soviet Union experimented further with the concept, deploying early cruise missiles from land, submarines and aircraft.

During the Reagan administration, conservatives also supported the so-called " Reagan Doctrine " under which the U. S., as part of a Cold War strategy, provided military and other support to guerrilla insurgencies that were fighting governments aligned with the Soviet Union.

During his trip in Russia, Chiang met Leon Trotsky and other Soviet leaders, but quickly came to the conclusion that the Russian model of government was not suitable for China.

During the Ili Rebellion and Peitashan incident, Chiang deployed Hui troops against Uyghur mobs in Turfan, and against Soviet Russian and Mongols at Peitashan.

During the 1960s and 1970s, the CPC experienced a significant ideological breakdown with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union under Nikita Khrushchev, and later, Leonid Brezhnev.

During the height of the Malenkov – Khrushchev struggle, Khrushchev actively fought for improvements in Soviet agriculture and the strengthening of the role of the Central Committee.

During the 1970s the relative number of communists in Republics of the Soviet Union was as follows:

During his short rule, he replaced more than one-fifth of the Soviet ministers and regional party first secretaries and more than one-third of the department heads within the Central Committee apparatus.

During this precarious period of development the mother should continue to influence the growth of the child's conscience.

During the period from 1 July 1960 through 31 January 1961, additional research affiliations were effected with the U. S. Army Medical Research and Development Command to conduct research in procedures for quantitative electron microscopy, and for the study of biophysical and biological studies of the structure and function of ocular tissue.

During this period, a total of 762 exhibits were presented at 442 medical and scientific meetings.

During the period of this report, 37,470 new cases were entered into the various registries.

During this period, 7,827 teaching sets were distributed on loan.

During the period of this report, 63 panel exhibits depicting the latest developments in medical research were displayed.

During the period, the laboratory rendered centralized macropathological service to qualified requesters.

During the period from 1 July 1960 through 31 January 1961, the Medical Museum was required to move to Temporary Building `` S '' on the Mall from Chase Hall.

During the period of about 4 hours around sunset, skywave transmission conditions are building up until full nighttime conditions prevail ; ;

During the Civil War period Mr. Brown also invented the Brown & Sharpe formed tooth gear cutter, a basic invention which ultimately revolutionized the world's gear manufacturing industry by changing its basic economics.

During this period 7,484,268 members were received, yet the net membership now is only 9,910,741.

During the period of the Iberian Union ( 1580 – 1640 ), Portugal lost influence and power and made new enemies.

During the Romantic period, art came to be seen as " a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science ".< ref >

During the same period the Georgian states of Colchis and Tabal arose around the Black Sea and central Anatolia respectively.

During this same period, slave-holding border states had more free African-Americans and European immigrants than the lower South, which increased Southern fears that slavery was threatened with rapid extinction in this area.

During this period he published 18 plays and 3 novels, including the murder mystery The Red House Mystery ( 1922 ).

During this period winter sports were slowly introduced: in 1882 the first figure skating championship was held in St. Moritz, and downhill skiing became a trendy sport with English visitors early in the 20th century, as the first ski-lift was installed in 1908 above Grindelwald.

During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important ; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such a Les Menuires.

During the first 11 months of 2006, net imports grew by 21 percent to $ 1. 95 billion, while exports stood at $ 895 million, up 0. 3 percent from the same period in 2005.

During the first 11 months of 2006, the European Union remained Armenia's largest trading partner, accounting for 34. 4 percent of its $ 2. 85 billion commercial exchange during the 11-month period.

During this period, spectator attendances dropped and media condemnation increased, but Simpson and Lawry flatly disregarded the public dissatisfaction.

During the Tokugawa period ( 1600 – 1868 ) the Ainu became increasingly involved in trade with Japanese who controlled the southern portion of the island that is now called Hokkaido.

During this period Agamemnon and his brother, Menelaus, took refuge with Tyndareus, King of Sparta.

During the Akkadian period, the Akkadian language became the lingua franca of the Middle East, and was officially used for administration, although the Sumerian language remained as a spoken and literary language.