During the eighteenth dynasty ( sixteenth to fourteenth centuries BC ) the title pharaoh was employed as a reverential designation of the ruler.

During the Middle Ages, Bourges was the capital of a Viscounty until the fourteenth century.

During Mentuhotep II's fourteenth regnal year, he took advantage of a revolt in the Thinite Nome to launch an attack on Herakleopolis, which met little resistance.

During the fourteenth century, the task of interpreting the Bible and God through the written word was restricted to men, specifically ordained priests ; to interpret God through the senses and the body became the domain of women, primarily women mystics, especially in the late Middle Ages.

During the fourteenth century, when views of the necessity of sleeping together for the common life changed, the dormitory at Netley would, as at other houses, have been divided into panelled chambers to give every monk his own private room, each leading off a central corridor.

During the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries most Cistercian houses took advantage of the large area of the monastery then left empty and converted the lay brothers ' quarters to new uses.

During the thirteenth and fourteenth century, the first wooden skates with metal blades were made.

During the Middle Kingdom that included the eleventh through fourteenth dynasties, exact series definitions and applications were often written by 6-terms, or less.

During the thirteenth and the fourteenth centuries CE, a small principality of the Kadava dynasty came into brief prominence.

During the fourteenth century the castle played a role in several significant events, including a sitting of Parliament, and the imprisonment of King David II of Scotland in the castle for eleven years.

During the fourteenth century the civil influence of the monks declined at La Neuveville as the little town and its important port facilities came increasingly under the sole control of the Dukes, while the citizens continued vigorously to reject the pressing influence of Raon-l ' Étape.

During the Middle Ages the doctrines of this obscure sect, which did not itself exist long, were revived: in the 13th century in the Netherlands by the Brethren and Sisters of the Free Spirit and the Taborites in Bohemia, and, in a grosser form, in the fourteenth by the Beghards in Germany.

During the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, the Safavid and similar orders such as the Bektasi became rivals of the Ottomans — who were orthodox Sunni Muslims — for political control of eastern Anatolia.

During the fourteenth century, after some vacillation by judges, it was held that the plaintiff could elect which remedy he chose when the chattels had been distrained.

During the fourteenth century the part owned by the Tiersbergs came after several detours into the possession of Baden and was given to the Röder vassals as a fief.

During the Medieval Warm Period ( the period prior to 1300 ) the population of Europe had exploded, reaching levels that were not matched again in some places until the nineteenth century ( parts of France today are less populous than at the beginning of the fourteenth century.

During the Ars Nova era of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the trend towards writing polyphonic music extended to non-Church music.

During the replacement of the wooden floor, several Genoese tombstones dating back to between the first half of fourteenth and up to the middle of the fifteenth centuries were discovered.

During the later fourteenth century, the limited palette of colours was expanded from the traditional manganese purple and copper green to include cobalt blue, antimony yellow and iron-oxide orange.

During the fourteenth century, the family, belonging to one of the workingmen's guilds at Bologna, had gained power as pro-papist Guelph leaders in the fourteenth century.

During the 13 < sup > th </ sup > century and early fourteenth both the French and English monarchies were still using temple banking.

During the later decades of the fourteenth century English started to come back into official use.

During the fourteenth century Europe had en masse converted from use of silver in currency to minting of gold.

During the early part of this century, the Brown & Sharpe works in Providence were unchallenged as the largest single manufacturing facility devoted exclusively to precision machinery and tool manufacture anywhere in the world.

During the nineteenth century these views were protested by virtually all the Latin American writers, though ineffectively, just as the new nations of Africa and Asia protest them, with more effect, today.

During the 17th century, practical alchemy started to evolve into modern chemistry, as it was renamed by Robert Boyle, the " father of modern chemistry ".< ref name =" Deem, Rich 2005 ">

During the 20th century BC the Indo-European Hittites entered the region and gradually established a great empire which was destroyed by invaders in the 12th century.

During the Late Bronze Age circa 2000 BC, they created an empire, the Hittite New Kingdom, which reached its height in the 14th century BC, controlling much of Asia Minor.

During the 1st century BC the Armenians in what had been Urartu established the powerful Armenian kingdom under Tigran who reigned throughout much of eastern Anatolia between the Caspian, Black Sea and Mediterranean.

During this period winter sports were slowly introduced: in 1882 the first figure skating championship was held in St. Moritz, and downhill skiing became a trendy sport with English visitors early in the 20th century, as the first ski-lift was installed in 1908 above Grindelwald.

During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important ; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such a Les Menuires.

During the Carolingian epoch the custom grew up of granting these as regular heritable fiefs or benefices, and by the 10th century, before the great Cluniac reform, the system was firmly established.

During the fourth century, the Roman emperors commonly employed foederati: Germanic irregular troops under Roman command, but organized by tribal structures.

During the post-Phoenician era of the eighth century a palace was erected and a port was also constructed, which served the trade with the Greeks and the Levantines.

During the 4th century BC, there may well have been some 250, 000 – 300, 000 people in Attica.

During the 5th century BC, the Acropolis gained its final shape.

During the 3rd century, under threat from a Herulian invasion, repairs were made to the Acropolis walls, and the " Beulé Gate " was constructed to restrict entrance in front of the Propylaia, thus returning the Acropolis to use as a fortress.

During the turn of the 20th century British Israelites carried out some excavations of the Hill of Tara in Ireland looking for the Ark of the Covenant – the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland campaigned successfully to have them stopped before they destroyed the hill.

During the 5th century, the Anglii invaded Great Britain, after which time their name does not recur on the continent except in the title of Suevi Angili.

During the late 19th century, ideas about the legendary nature of Atlantis were combined with stories of other lost continents such as Mu and Lemuria.

During the first half of the 19th century, some of the songs African-Americans sang also began to appear in use for shipboard tasks, i. e. as shanties.

During the quarter century 1826-1850, 41 species and 6 genera of Apicomplexa were named.

During the early 20th century, Alicante was a minor capital that enjoyed the benefit of Spain's neutrality during World War I, and that provided new opportunities for the local industry and agriculture.

During the 19th century, the fields of science and art became increasingly intertwined as scientists such as Michael Faraday began to study the damaging effects of the environment to works of art.

During the 20th century communications used flags, morse code by radio, line and lights, voice and teleprinter by line.

During the next century Aegina was one of the three principal states trading at the emporium of Naucratis, and it was the only state of European Greece that had a share in this factory.

During the latter half of the 19th century, considerable public improvements were made to the town, which became, despite its neighbouring collieries, a pleasant place to live.