During transcription, all intron RNA is cut from the RNA primary transcript and the remaining pieces of the RNA primary transcript are spliced back together to become mRNA.

During transcription, RNA polymerase makes a copy of a gene from the DNA to mRNA as needed.

During transcription, a DNA sequence is read by an RNA polymerase, which produces a complementary, antiparallel RNA strand.

During World War II, 2GB provided transcription records to the Australian Army's network of radio stations in Papua New Guinea and the Pacific Islands.

During the Qing Dynasty, the Manchus gradually adopted two-character Chinese given names ( but not family names ), and used Manchu transcription of them.

During the scene, both characters speak the language accurately, as both Hooks and Hank Azaria ( the voice of Apu ) were given a phonetic transcription of their lines.

During transcription, viral polymerase synthesizes five discrete mRNAs and obeys to stop signals that are present at the gene boundaries.

During this time she owned and managed a bookstore in San Francisco as well as a medical and legal transcription business in Marin County, California.

During genome replication the circularization acts to enhance genome replication speeds, cycling viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase much the same as the ribosome is hypothesized to cycle.

During the early 1970s, retroviruses and reverse transcriptase were discovered, showing for the first time that enzymes could copy RNA into DNA ( the opposite of the usual route for transmission of genetic information ).

During the lag phase of the bacterial growth cycle, synthesis of RNA, enzymes and other molecules occurs.

During experiments in which the complex was reconstituted in test tubes, Altman and his group discovered that the RNA component, in isolation, was sufficient for the observed catalytic activity of the enzyme, indicating that the RNA itself had catalytic properties, which was the discovery that earned him the Nobel prize.

During DNA synthesis, a DNA / RNA hybrid is formed as a replication intermediate and must be cleaved by RNase H before the process can continue.

During lagging strand synthesis, DNA ligase I connects the Okazaki fragments, following replacement of the RNA primers with DNA nucleotides by DNA polymerase δ. Okazaki fragments that are not ligated could cause double-strand-breaks, which cleaves the DNA.

During this process, RNA and DNA primers are removed, allowing the Okazaki fragments to attach to the lagging DNA strand.

USML-2 Experiments included: the Surface Tension Driven Convection Experiment ( STDCE ), the Drop Physics Module, the Drop Dynamics Experiment ; the Science and Technology of Surface-Controlled Phenomena experiment ; the Geophysical Fluid Flow Cell Experiment ; the Crystal Growth Furnace, the Orbital Processing of High Quality Cadmium Zinc Telluride Compound Semiconductors experiment ; the Study of Dopant Segregation Behavior During the Crystal Growth of Gallium Arsenide ( GaAs ) in Microgravity experiment ; the Crystal Growth of Selected II-VI Semiconducting Alloys by Directional Solidification experiment ; the Vapor Transport Crystal Growth of Mercury Cadmium Tellurida in Microgravity experiment ; the Zeolite Crystal Growth Furnace ( ZCG ), the Interface Configuration Experiment ( ICE ), the Oscillatory Thermocapillary Flow Experiment ; the Fiber Supported Droplet Combustion Experiment ; the Particle Dispersion Experiment ; the Single-Locker Protein Crystal Growth experiment ; ( including the Protein Crystallization Apparatus for Microgravity ( PCAM ) and the Diffusion-controlled Crystallization Apparatus for Microgravity ( DCAM )); the Crystal Growth by Liquid-Liquid Diffusion, the Commercial Protein Crystal Growth experiment ; the Advanced Protein Crystallization Facility, Crystallization of Apocrystacyanin C experiment ; Crystal Structure Analysis of the Bacteriophage Lambda Lysozyme, Crystallization of RNA Molecules Under Microgravity Conditions experiment ; Crystallization of the Protein Grb2 and Triclinic Lysozyme experiment ; Microgravity Crystallization of Thermophilic Aspartyl-tRNA Synthetase and Thaumatin experiment ; Crystallization in a Microgravity Environment of CcdB experiment ; A Multivariate Analysis of X-ray Diffraction Data Obtained from Glutathione S Transferase experiment ; Protein Crystal Growth: Light-driven Charge Translocation Through Bacteriorhodopsin experiment ; Crystallization of Ribosome experiment ; Crystallization of Sulfolobus Solfataricus Alcohol Dehydrogenase experiment ; Crystallization of Turnip Yellow Mosaic Virus, Tomato Aspermy Virus, Satellite Panicum Mosaic Virus, Canavalin, Beef Liver Catalase, Concanavalin B experiment ; Crystallization of the Epidermal Growth Factor ( EGF ); Structure of the Membrane-Embedded Protein Complex Photosystem I ; Crystallization of Visual Pigment Rhodopsin ; Commercial Generic Bioprocessing Apparatus ; Astroculture Facility and Experiment.

During the inactivation process, the future Xa ceases to express Xist, whereas the future Xi dramatically increases Xist RNA production.

During the course of his studies he discovered the RNA sequence necessary for ribosome binding and the initiation of protein synthesis in the bacterium Escherichia coli.

During 1963, he and Pauling invented the term " semantides " for biological sequences — DNA, RNA, and polypeptides — that have evolutionary information and argued that such sequences could be the basis for constructing molecular phylogenies, suggesting that the " molecular clock " method might be useful for other semantides besides proteins.

During lytic replication, viral DNA polymerase is responsible for copying the viral genome.

During the first few days of wearing the appliance and immediately following each adjustment, Susan may have a slight discomfort or soreness, but after a short time this will disappear.

Within a short while, he grasps what is at stake and warns the authorities that unless steps are taken immediately, the epidemic could kill off half the town's population of two hundred thousand within a couple of months .</ br > During the epidemic, Rieux heads an auxiliary hospital and works long hours treating the victims.

During the short reigns of the older two of his three elder brothers, Æthelbald of Wessex and Æthelberht of Wessex, Alfred is not mentioned.

During his short reign, peace was established both at home and abroad, finances were well regulated, and the various administrative services were placed on a basis that afterwards enabled Spain to pass through the disastrous war with the United States without the threat of a revolution.

During karyorrhexis, endonuclease activation leaves short DNA fragments, regularly spaced in size.

During his short rule, he replaced more than one-fifth of the Soviet ministers and regional party first secretaries and more than one-third of the department heads within the Central Committee apparatus.

During World War II and through the 1950s, high frequency (" short wave ") radio was widely used for military and diplomatic communication, and could be intercepted at great distances.

During the Crisis of the 3rd century, Barracks Emperors succeeded one another at short intervals.

During his short reign of three years, Abijah went to considerable lengths to bring the Kingdom of Israel back under his control.

During the 17th century, Rabbi Yitzchak Luria of Safed and his disciples created a short seder, called Hemdat ha ‑ Yamim, reminiscent of the seder that Jews observe on Passover, that explores the holiday's Kabbalistic themes.

During its short duration, Sandy Nelson, Torrence's neighbor, played drums, and future Beach Boy Bruce Johnston, occasionally sang and played piano.

During World War II, the city was renamed from Batavia to " Jakarta " ( short form of Jayakarta ) by the Indonesian nationalists after conquering the city from the Dutch in 1942 with the help of the Japanese forces.

During the 1920s his short subjects were in much demand, with stars like Billy Bevan, Andy Clyde, Harry Gribbon, Vernon Dent, Alice Day, Ralph Graves, Charlie Murray, and Harry Langdon.

During his short reign he campaigned against the Goths and the Heruli, for which he received the title Gothicus Maximus.

During this time, Santiago and Lovering went on vacation, while Francis performed a short solo tour, made up of a number of concerts to generate gas money as he traveled across the country.

During his short pontificate he played the part of a peacemaker ; he came to terms with the Emperor Frederick I in the vexing question of the appointment to the See of Magdeburg and closed the long quarrel, which had raged through four pontificates, about the appointment of William Fitzherbert ( commonly known as Saint William of York ) to the see of York by sending him the pallium in spite of the continued opposition of the powerful Cistercian order.

During the early part of the 20th century, under the leadership of Harry Payne Whitney, polo changed to become a high-speed sport in the United States, differing from the game in England, where it involved short passes to move the ball toward the opposition's goal.

During World War II, the short supply of copper led to the substitution of silver in many industrial applications.

During this short interval a supernova can radiate as much energy as the Sun is expected to emit over its entire life span.

During February the wildebeest spend their time on the short grass plains of the south eastern part of the ecosystem, grazing and giving birth to approximately 500, 000 calves within a 2 to 3 week period: a remarkably synchronized event.

During the short reign ( 1494 – 1498 ) of Girolamo Savonarola, a Dominican priest, the city of Florence could have been considered a theocracy.

During the first Peel series, each episode would end with a short, comedic scene of the duo leaving the scene of their most recent adventure in some unusual vehicle.

During these years he also wrote Radicis Chynae, a short text on the properties of a medical plant, whose use he defended, as well as defense for his anatomical findings.

During competition, the snatch event takes place first, followed by a short intermission, and then the clean and jerk event.

During the reception, a number of short speeches and / or toasts may be given in honor of the couple.