Early Muslim historians have given it the name Mutaharrik tulai ' a ( متحرك طليعة ), or the Mobile guard.

Early Christian communities have been described by Christian anarchists and some historians as having anarcho-communist characteristics.

English-speaking historians, following their German counterparts, generally subdivide the Middle Ages into three intervals: " Early ", " High " and " Late ".

In the 19th century, the entire Middle Ages were often referred to as the " Dark Ages ", but with the creation of these subdivisions use of this term was restricted to the Early Middle Ages, at least among historians.

Subsequent historians examining the Early Modern witch trials, particularly Carlo Ginzburg, Eva Pocs and Emma Wilby have also emphasised that the accounts in many of the witch trials represent visionary experiences, containing within them imaginary and surreal elements, which goes against Murray's rationalization of the trial accounts.

As soon as Murray published her theory she received criticism from other historians who had studied the Early Modern witch trials.

Most professional historians ( defined as paying members of organizations devoted to the propagation of history in higher education, like the American Historical Association ) now refer to the historical periods commonly known as the Renaissance and the Reformation as " the Early Modern Period ".

Many historians now prefer to use the term " Early Modern " for this period, a more neutral designation that highlights the period as a transitional one between the Middle Ages and the modern era.

Various historians have argued that shamanism also played a role in many of the pre-Christian religions of Europe, and that shamanic elements may have survived in popular culture right through to the Early Modern period.

Early on during the 1920s Prohibition in the United States, the American journalist and student of American English H. L. Mencken noted :" The origin of the ... Tom-Collins ... remains to be established ; the historians of alcoholism, like the philologists, have neglected them.

The year is considered by many historians to be a turning point in history due to various events ( see below ), particularly the Battle of Hastings and ensuing Norman conquest of England, with years prior to 1066 being the Early Middle Ages and years after 1066 being the High Middle Ages.

Dendrochronology has become important to art historians in the dating of panel paintings, and can also provide information as to the source of the panel — many Early Netherlandish paintings have turned out to be painted on panels of " Baltic oak " shipped from the Vistula region via ports of the Hanseatic League.

However, modern historians tend to regard the Vandals during the transitional period ( from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages ) as perpetuators, not destroyers, of Roman culture.

Early twentieth-century historians noted that Jean Pierre Sioussat, a Frenchman, had directed the servants in the crisis.

Early modern Europe is the term used by historians to refer to a period in the history of Europe ( especially Western Europe and Central Europe ) which spanned the centuries between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century.

The term itself was coined by nineteenth century historians and the distinction between the Old Kingdom and the Early Dynastic Period is not one which would have been recognized by Ancient Egyptians.

The historical reliability of the Acts of the Apostles, the primary source for the Apostolic Age, is a major issue for biblical scholars and historians of Early Christianity.

Early Chinese historians described Wa as a land of hundreds of scattered tribal communities rather than the unified land with a 700-year tradition as laid out in the 8th-century work Nihon Shoki, a partly mythical, partly historical account of Japan which dates the foundation of the country at 660 BC.

The south porch reuses a mixture of Early English and Perpendicular masonry and has puzzled historians.

Category: Early Greek historians

" Indeed, many historians believe King Arthur to be an entirely mythical character with no basis in historical fact, whilst some others disagree, maintaining that the legendary figure may be based upon an Early Medieval British leader who might have been involved in fighting the migrating Anglo-Saxons who were settling in Britain at that time.

These historians tend to think in terms of " Early Modern Europe " instead.

Early Japanese histories do not mention Himiko, but historians associate her with legendary figures such as Empress Consort Jingū, who was Regent ( ca.

" Early modern period " is a term used by historians to refer to the period in Western Europe and its first colonies that spans the centuries between the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution – roughly 1500 to 1800.

Early twentieth-century experiments on the physics of very small-scale phenomena led to the discovery of phenomena which could not be predicted on the basis of classical physics, and to the development of new models ( theories ) that described and predicted very accurately these micro-scale phenomena.

He described his experience there in Quite Early One Morning:

Early conceptions of ecology, such as a balance and regulation in nature can be traced to Herodotus ( died c. 425 BC ), who described one of the earliest accounts of mutualism in his observation of " natural dentistry ".

Fra Angelico ( born Guido di Pietro ; c. 1395 – February 18, 1455 ) was an Early Italian Renaissance painter described by Vasari in his Lives of the Artists as having " a rare and perfect talent ".

In the Early Medieval period any well-equipped horseman could be described as a ' knight ,' or miles in Latin.

Early labyrinths in India all follow the Classical pattern ; some have been described as plans of forts or cities.

Early European American scholars described the Native Americans as having a society dominated by clans or gentes ( in the Roman model ) before tribes were formed.

Early punk had an abundance of antecedents and influences, and Jon Savage has described the subculture as a " bricolage " of almost every previous youth culture that existed in the West since the Second World War " stuck together with safety pins ".

Rheged () is described in poetic sources as one of the kingdoms of the Hen Ogledd (" Old North "), the Brythonic-speaking region of what is now northern England and southern Scotland, during the Early Middle Ages.

Early Christian Church Fathers and Medieval European scholars interpreted the Genesis creation narrative allegorically rather than as a literal historical account ; organisms were described by their mythological and heraldic significance as well as by their physical form.

Early taxation is also described in the Bible.

The third millennium BC is generally described as the Early Bronze Age of Mesopotamia, which ends approximately after the demise of the Third Dynasty of Ur in the 21st century BC.

Early work described a factor in saliva that directly suppresses TNF-α release, but not antigen-induced histamine secretion, from activated mast cells.

The prehistoric Menura tyawanoides has been described from Early Miocene fossils found at the famous Riversleigh site.

Deforestation continued to the more remote areas as a warmer climate allowed the cultivation even of upland areas. alt = Map of Wales showing the names of Celtic British tribes in their territoriesBy 4000 BP people had begun to bury, or cremate their dead in individual cists, beneath a mound of earth known as a round barrow ; sometimes with a distinctive style of finely decorated pottery – like those at Llanharry ( discovered 1929 ) and at Llandaff ( 1991 ) – that gave rise to the Early Bronze Age being described as Beaker culture.

The genus Gerandia has been described from Early Miocene deposits of France, but while it was long believed to be a pigeon it is more likely a sandgrouse.

Fragmentary remains of a probably " ptilinopine " Early Miocene pigeon were found in the Bannockburn Formation of New Zealand and described as Rupephaps ; " Columba " prattae from roughly contemporary deposits of Florida is nowadays tentatively separated in Arenicolumba, but its distinctness from Patagioenas needs to be more firmly established.

Early in his career, Chrétien was described by Dalton Camp as looking like the driver of the getaway car, a condescending assessment which stuck with him, and which was often cited by journalists and others throughout his career, and usually considering his eventual success.

Early references to Wakf in India, can be found in 13th century CE work, Insba-i-Mahru by Aynul Mulk Mulltani, described by historian Ziauddin Barani as one of the officers of Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji ( r. 1290-1296 ) first Indian ruler of the Delhi sultanate and the founder of the Khilji dynasty.

; Acoustic tablets: Early models were described as spark tablets — a small sound generator was mounted in the stylus, and the acoustic signal picked up by two microphones placed near the writing surface.

According to the Early Irish law text on status, Uraicecht Becc, bards were a lesser class of poets, not eligible for higher poetic roles as described above.

Early Christian sources explicitly described this event as a sacrificial offering, with Jesus in the role of both priest and victim, although starting with the Enlightenment, some writers, such as John Locke, have disputed the model of Jesus ' death as a propitiatory sacrifice.

Early industrial music often featured tape editing, stark percussion and loops distorted to the point where they had degraded to harsh noise, such as the work of early industrial group Cabaret Voltaire, which Journalist Simon Reynolds described as characterized by " hissing high hats and squelchy snares of rhythm-generator.