In 1947 and 1948 the necessity of massive coordinated efforts to achieve economic recovery led to the formation of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation to supervise and coordinate the uses of American aid under the Marshall Plan.

The Sustainable Uses of Plants group ( formerly the Centre for Economic Botany ), focus on the uses of plants in the United Kingdom and the world's arid and semi-arid zones.

Secondly, the Tax Foundation argues that the Tax Freedom Day calculation does not include capital gains as income because it uses income and tax data directly from the Bureau of Economic Analysis ( BEA ).

Accounts of the success of operations research during the war, publication in 1944 of John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern's Theory of Games and Economic Behavior on the use of game theory for developing and analyzing optimal strategies for military and other uses, and publication of John William's The Compleat Strategyst, a popular exposition of game theory, led to a greater appreciation of mathematical analysis of human behavior.

Common use of the phrase " The Great Depression " for the 1930s crisis is most frequently attributed to British economist Lionel Robbins, whose 1934 book The Great Depression is credited with ' formalizing ' the phrase, though US president Herbert Hoover is widely credited with having ' popularized ' the term / phrase, informally referring to the downturn as a " depression ", with such uses as " Economic depression cannot be cured by legislative action or executive pronouncement ", ( December 1930, Message to Congress ) and " I need not recount to you that the world is passing through a great depression " ( 1931 ).

In the Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement ( as well as the Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement ) the CPG also uses the Chinese characters 内地 " inner land ", with the note that they refer to the " customs territory of China ".< ref name = CEPA > English Text Chinese text

The term " Political Compass " is claimed as a trademark by the British website, The Political Compass, which uses responses to a set of 61 propositions to rate political views on two axes: Economic ( Left-Right ) and Social ( Authoritarian-Libertarian ).

The Economic Research Service of the USDA uses the term food system to describe the same thing:

Small Business Administration, What It Is, What It Does, SBA Services For Community Economic Development, and various other useful publications on currently important management, technical production, and marketing topics are available, on request, from Small Business Administration, Washington 25, D.C..

In the event the rupees set aside for loans under Section 104 ( E ) of the Act are not advanced within six years from the date of this Agreement because the Export-Import Bank of Washington has not approved loans or because proposed loans have not been mutually agreeable to the Export-Import Bank of Washington and the Department of Economic Affairs of the Government of India, the Government of the United States of America may use the rupees for any purpose authorized by Section 104 of the Act.

* Both countries are full members of the Eurasian Economic Community, of the Collective Security Treaty Organisation and of the Commonwealth of Independent States

Trade and economic cooperation between Russia and Botswana are stipulated by the Trade Agreement of 1987 and the Agreement on Economic and Technical Cooperation of 1988.

Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion although it has taken steps to become a more prominent player by serving as chairman for the 2000 APEC ( Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation ) forum.

* An Economic Approach to the Environment ; Resources are limited.

Similarly, the Economic and Financial Affairs Council is composed of national finance ministers, and they are still one per state and the chair is held by the member coming from the presiding country.

Examples are the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Offices that represent the government of the Republic of China, Somaliland's Representative Offices in London, Addis Ababa, Rome, and Washington, D. C. and the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices that represent the government of that territory.

This is one reason these valuation methods are formally referred to as the Discounted Future Economic Income methods.

Both being predominantly Arab countries they are members of the Arab League, GAFTA, WTO, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Council of Arab Economic Unity and the United Nations.

Three of the EFTA countries are part of the European Union Internal Market through the Agreement on a European Economic Area ( EEA ), which took effect in 1994 ; the fourth, Switzerland, opted to conclude bilateral agreements with the EU.

Centre Party and Socialist Left Party are also against the current membership in the European Economic Community.

The main journals which publish work in econometrics are Econometrica, the Journal of Econometrics, the Review of Economics and Statistics, Econometric Theory, the Journal of Applied Econometrics, Econometric Reviews, the Econometrics Journal, Applied Econometrics and International Development, the Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, and the Journal of Economic and Social Measurement.

If their economical structures are competitive, it is likely there will be no incentive for a FTA, or only selected areas of goods and services will be covered to fulfill the Economic interests between the two signatories of FTA.

At present, the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Offices under the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in countries that are the major trading partners of Hong Kong, including Japan, Canada, Australia, Singapore, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, the United States and the European Union.

Economic, social and cultural rights are enshrined in articles 22 to 28 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( UDHR ) and in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ( ICESCR ).

Economic, social and cultural rights are argued to be:

Economic issues like poverty, unemployment, development are main issues that influence politics.

* Both countries are members of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation and part of the G-20 major economies.

In 2007, the Berne Declaration nominated IKEA for one of its Public Eye " awards ", which highlight corporate irresponsibility and are announced during the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.

Economic historians are in agreement that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the history of humanity since the domestication of animals and plants.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights are sometimes referred to as the international bill of rights.

Economic growth from 1960 to 1973 lead the Dutch government to recruit large numbers of immigrant workers, chiefly from Turkey and Morocco, and migration has continued by way of family reunification and asylum seekers.

He left consulting after several years and moved over to a government job at the Economic Research Service where he researched labor market issues, chiefly the so-called skills mismatch between low-skilled and high-skilled workers.

Manufacturing processes ( or their logical successors, assembly plants ) in the late 20th century re-focussed in many instances on Special Economic Zones in developing countries or on maquiladoras just across the national boundaries of industrialized states.

Today the garden consists of the Upper Terrace ( the oldest part of the garden ); Middle Terraces ( palms, aroids, heliconias, gingers ); Economic Garden ( herbs, spices, dyes, poisons ); Prehistoric Glen ( primitive plants planted in 1965 ); Lyon Orchid Garden ; and Hybrid Orchid Display.

Thermal power plants Economic Association " Thermal Power Plants and Mines Kostolac " plc use fuel lignite produced at open-pit mines " Cirikovac " and " Drmno ", for electric power production.

Economic decline had led to increased tax burdens, which became a source of general discontent, for former slaves and other residents of the Territory alike.

* In early May 2011, the Middle East Economic Digest reported that an Iraqi Airways source confirmed a " very high level " decision to stop IAC's dissolution.

Economic and technological conditions of our age have given rise to a decentralized, media-dominated society in which ideas are only simulacra, inter-referential representations and copies of each other with no real, original, stable or objective source of communication and meaning.

Tourism has long been a vital source of the island's revenue, although the industry has undergone a serious decline since the Asian Economic Crisis of the mid-to-late 1990s.

Another source of information regarding the environment of microfinance is the Global Microscope on the Microfinance Business Environment, publication prepared by the Economic Intelligence Unit ( EIU ), the Inter-American Development Bank, and others.

* Study on the: Economic impact of open source software on innovation and the competitiveness of the Information and Communication Technologies ( ICT ) sector in the EU, 2006 EU report in favor of adopting open source software

Crosbie, a leader of the fishing industry, led the Economic Unionists, seeking responsible government first, to be followed by closer ties with the United States, which could be a major source of capital.

In 2005, Neptune Resources NL, a mineral exploration company, applied for and was granted 35, 000 km² of exploration rights over the Kermadec Arc in New Zealand's Exclusive Economic Zone to explore for seafloor massive sulfide deposits, a potential new source of lead-zinc-copper sulfides formed from modern hydrothermal vent fields.

The technical achievement honored by the Takeda Award 2001 Techno-Entrepreneurial Achievements for Social / Economic Well-Being was " the origination and the advancement of open development models for system software-open architecture, free software and open source software.

* Iraq Analysis Economic Development Page Comprehensive information source listings on reconstruction of Iraq

The CBA is also a leading source of information and statistics about banks operating in Canada and the country's national banking system, which has been named the world ’ s soundest by the World Economic Forum for three consecutive years.

The Economic Research Service ( ERS ) is the main source of economic information and research from the U. S. Department of Agriculture.

Economic interdependence may be a source of the aggregation problem.

The Office of Economic Adjustment ( OEA ) is the U. S. Department of Defense's ( DoD ) primary source for assisting communities that are adversely impacted by Defense program changes, including base closures or realignments, base expansions, and contract or program cancellations.

The Universal Declaration on Human Rights recognises a number of economic, social and cultural rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ( ICESCR ) is the primary international legal source of economic, social and cultural rights.

The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ( ICESCR ) is the primary international legal source of economic, social and cultural rights.

An important secondary legal source is the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights which is overseeing the implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ( ICESCR ).

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( IEEPA ), Title II of, is a United States federal law authorizing the President to regulate commerce after declaring a national emergency in response to any unusual and extraordinary threat to the United States which has a foreign source.