It was constructed in the early 11th century CE by the Chola king Kulothunga Chola I and was expanded further in 1336 by the Emperors of Vijayanagara dynasty.

Beneath the dome I saw the spot where the Byzantine Emperors were crowned, a bit of floor protected now by a wooden fence.

The conflict between Arianism and Trinitarian beliefs was the first major doctrinal confrontation in the Church after the legalization of Christianity by the Roman Emperors Constantine I and Licinius.

He was a grandson of the Emperors Moctezuma I and Itzcoatl.

Spanning six decades, Eugene served three Holy Roman Emperors: Leopold I, Joseph I, and Charles VI.

" The body of Yekuno Amlak is interred in the monastery of St. Stephen on Daga Island ; other Emperors whose tombs are on Daga include Dawit I, Zara Yaqob, Za Dengel and Fasilides.

* 238 – Gordian I and his son Gordian II are proclaimed Roman Emperors.

In 1872, Bismarck offered friendship to the Austro-Hungarian Empire and Russia, whose rulers joined Wilhelm I in the League of the Three Emperors, also known as the Dreikaiserbund.

* 1268 – Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Roman Catholic church.

St Pius I governed the Church in the middle of the 2nd century during the reigns of the Emperors Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius.

Pope Saint Callixtus I or Callistus I was pope from about 217 to about 222, during the reigns of the Roman Emperors Elagabalus and Alexander Severus.

The idea of the two halves, the East and the West, re-emerged and eventually resulted in the permanent de facto division into two separate Roman empires after the death of Theodosius I ( though it is important to remember that the Empire was never formally divided, Emperors of East and West legally ruling as one imperial college until the fall of Rome's western empire left Byzantium, the " second Rome ", sole direct heir ).

Treated with favor by the Emperors Leo I and Zeno ( ruled 474 – 475 and 476 – 491 ), he became magister militum ( Master of Soldiers ) in 483, and one year later he became consul.

He was a grandson of the Emperors Moctezuma I and Itzcoatl.

* 1268 – October 29 – Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Catholic church.

He married Joanna of Castile, becoming King-consort of Castile upon her accession in 1504, and was the father of the Holy Roman Emperors Charles V and Ferdinand I

* October 29 – Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Roman Catholic church.

Some examples of these de facto rulers are Empress Dowager Cixi of China ( for son Tongzhi and nephew Guangxu Emperors ), Prince Alexander Menshikov ( for his former lover Empress Catherine I of Russia ), Grigori Rasputin through Tsarina Alexandra ( for Tsar Nicholas II of Russia ), Cardinal Richelieu of France ( for Louis XIII ), and Queen Marie Caroline of Naples and Sicily ( for her husband King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies ).

* Tetricus I and Tetricus II are deposed as Gallic Emperors by Aurelian.

Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, had sixteen children, including Queen Marie Antoinette of France, Queen Maria Carolina of Naples, Duchess Maria Amalia of Parma and two Holy Roman Emperors, Joseph II and Leopold II.

In Ancient China, successful men often supported several concubines — for example, it has been documented that Chinese Emperors accommodated numbers in the thousands.

The cities where Emperors lived frequently in this period — Milan, Trier, Arles, Sirmium, Serdica, Thessaloniki, Nicomedia, and Antioch — were treated as alternate imperial seats, to the exclusion of Rome and its senatorial elite.

As with most Emperors, much of Diocletian's daily routine rotated around legal affairs — responding to appeals and petitions, and delivering decisions on disputed matters.

Chaos ensued, leading to a year of brutal civil war known as the Year of the Four Emperors, during which the four most influential generals in the Roman Empire — Galba, Otho, Vitellius and Vespasian — successively vied for imperial power.

His forced conversions or evictions carried out in the midst of the Thirty Years ' War, which with the later general success of the Protestants therefore had greatly negative consequences for Habsburg control of the Holy Roman Empire itself, while these campaigns within the Habsburg hereditary lands were largely successful in religiously purifying his demesnes, leaving the Austrian Emperors thereafter with much greater control within their hereditary power base — although Hungary was never successfully re-Catholicized — but one much reduced in population and economic might while less vigorous and weakened as a nation-state.

— Facsimile of a miniature in a manuscript of the History of the Emperors ( Bibliothèque de l ' Arsenal | Library of the Arsenal ).

* Wye — The ancient Dacian Dynasty of Emperors are the direct ancestors of the hereditary Mayoralty of the sector of Wye.

The Herodians sided with the Flavians during the conflict, and later in 69, the Year of the Four Emperors — when the Roman Empire saw the quick succession of the emperors Galba, Otho and Vitellius — Berenice reportedly used all her wealth and influence to support Vespasian on his campaign to become emperor.

** Snare: ( 14 ") Coated Emperors — top, Clear Ambassadors — bottom

* His / Her Imperial Majesty, ( abbreviation HIM, oral address Your Imperial Majesty ) — Emperors and Empresses.

* His / Her Imperial and Royal Majesty ( abbreviation HI & RM, oral address Your Imperial and Royal Majesty ) — Emperors and Empresses who were simultaneously Kings and Queens, such as the German Emperor and Emperor of Austria.

Its government was a representative parliamentary constitutional monarchy under the rule of Emperors Dom Pedro I and his son Dom Pedro II, both members of the House of Braganza — a branch of the Capetian dynasty.

* Porphyrogennētos ( πορφυρογέννητος ) — " born-in-the-purple ": Emperors wanting to emphasize the legitimacy of their ascent to the throne appended this title to their names, meaning they were born in the delivery room of the imperial palace ( called the Porphyra because it was paneled with slabs of purple marble ), to a reigning emperor, and were therefore legitimate beyond any claim to the contrary whatsoever.

* House of Romanov — Russian Emperors

The ancient Battle of Corrin — occurring 20 years after the end of the Butlerian Jihad — spawns the Padishah Emperors of House Corrino, who rule the known universe for millennia by controlling the brutally efficient military force known as the Imperial Sardaukar.

Until he lost the throne 26 July 1789, Tekle Giyorgis was one of five Emperors ruling in Ethiopia in the years of 1788 and 1789 — the others being Iyasu III, Tekle Haymanot, Hezqeyas of Ethiopia.

During her marriage to Theodosius, she gave birth to two sons — future Emperors Arcadius and Honorius — and a daughter, Aelia Pulcheria.

In 711, the chancellors Yao Yuanzhi and Song Jing tried to defuse the situation by having Princess Taiping sent to Pu Prefecture ( 蒲州, roughly modern Yuncheng, Shanxi ) and the two princes with arguable better claims on the throne than Li Longji — Li Chengqi and Li Shouli the Prince of Bin ( whose father Li Xián ( note different tone than Emperor Zhongzong ) was an older brother to both Emperors Zhongzong and Ruizong ) – out of the capital to serve as prefectural prefects, but after their plan was discovered by Princess Taiping, she angrily complained, and was recalled to the capital along with Li Chengqi and Li Shouli.

In 1077, Patriarchate of Aquileia was given temporal power by the Holy Roman Emperors and this power was extended temporarily even to the east.

From the rule of the Flavian Dynasty until the Year Of The Five Emperors, the Roman Empire experienced an extended period of internal peace and harmony later known as the time of The Five Good Emperors-Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius.

The dynasty retained and reinforced the monarchical evolution of the Imperial dignity, and sponsored the pivotal Edict of Milan in 312, which extended official toleration to Christianity, which religion had suffered considerable persecution under recent Emperors.