While specific styles taught by different teachers, in the mode of Asian martial arts, cannot be excluded, it is very clear ( including in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics ) that the objective of a teacher of combat sports was to help each of his athletes to develop his personal style that would fit his strengths and weaknesses.

::“ We certainly cannot hope directly to compare their effects except within a limited future ; and all the arguments, which have ever been used in Ethics, and upon which we commonly act in common life, directed to shewing that one course is superior to another, are ( apart from theological dogmas ) confined to pointing out such probable immediate advantages …

First explicitly noted by the philosopher Henry Sidgwick in The Methods of Ethics, the paradox of hedonism points out that pleasure cannot be acquired directly, it can only be acquired indirectly.

The speech was titled " The Problem of Ethics ," where he argued that a society without a foundation of moral absolutes cannot long survive.

For example, Baruch Spinoza in his Ethics, suggests that a person who sees two options as truly equally compelling cannot be fully rational:

The implementations as above are widely used in Australian Universities, for instance a D. B. A student cannot embark into research phase before passing all his / her courseworks, research proposal and ethics, upon passing proposal stage, he / she still needs to clear ethics from Ethics Committee.

He argues that the field presupposes the institution of the right to private property ( one cannot trade what one does not own or hasn't been authorized to trade by the owner ) in the works, The Business of Commerce, Examining an Honorable Profession, and A Primer on Business Ethics, both with James Chesher, and The Morality of Business, A Profession of Human Wealth Care ( Springer, 2007 ).

" Melanie Sloan, an attorney for the Wilsons and the executive director of the watchdog group Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, released a statement that read, " We are deeply disappointed that the Obama administration has failed to recognize the grievous harm top Bush White House officials inflicted on Joe and Valerie Wilson ... The government's position cannot be reconciled with President Obama's oft-stated commitment to once again make government officials accountable for their actions.

But Spinoza insists that " no attribute of a substance can be truly conceived from which it follows that the substance can be divided " ( Which means that one cannot conceive an attribute in a way that leads to division of substance ), and that " a substance which is absolutely infinite is indivisible " ( Ethics, Part I, Propositions 12 and 13 ).

Sessions devoted to `` Ethics and Foreign Policy Trends '', `` Moral Principle and Political Judgment '', `` Christian Ethics in the Cold War '' and related subjects proved to be much livelier under this procedure than if Catholics were merely talking to themselves.

How explicit such factors have been historically is evident in any chronology of restrictive covenant cases or in a review of NAREB's Code of Ethics Article 34 in the Code, adopted in 1924, states that `` a Realtor should never be instrumental in introducing into a neighborhood a character of property or occupancy, members of any race or nationality or any individuals whose presence will clearly be detrimental to property values in that neighborhood ''.

The country's new Robotics Ethics Charter will establish ground rules and laws for human interaction with robots in the future, setting standards for robotics users and manufacturers, as well as guidelines on ethical standards to be programmed into robots to prevent human abuse of robots and vice versa.

Today its focus is on ethics and it is known as the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs, an independent, nonpartisan, nonprofit organization, whose mission is to be the voice for ethics in international affairs.

Analyses of large human concentrations in big cities, in multi-disciplinar studies by Ronald Daus, show how new methods may be applied to the understanding of man living in a global world and how it was caused by the action of extra-European nations, so high-lighting the role of Ethics in modern anthropology.

But if life itself is good and pleasant (...) and if one who sees is conscious that he sees, one who hears that he hears, one who walks that he walks and similarly for all the other human activities there is a faculty that is conscious of their exercise, so that whenever we perceive, we are conscious that we perceive, and whenever we think, we are conscious that we think, and to be conscious that we are perceiving or thinking is to be conscious that we exist ... ( Nicomachean Ethics, 1170a25 ff.

" Although the EPAC Ethics Task Force argued that both non-voluntary and involuntary euthanasia could not be included in the definition of euthanasia, there is discussion in the literature about excluding one but not the other.

** Situation Ethics, which holds that the correct action is the one that creates the most loving result, and that love should always be our goal.

Singer's most comprehensive work, Practical Ethics ( 1979 ), analyzes in detail why and how living beings ' interests should be weighed.

The second edition of Practical Ethics disavows the first edition's suggestion that the total and prior-existence views should be combined.

These authors, in such works as The Republic and Laws by Plato, and The Politics and Nicomachean Ethics by Aristotle, analyzed political systems philosophically, going beyond earlier Greek poetic and historical reflections which can be found in the works of epic poets like Homer and Hesiod, historians like Herodotus and Thucydides, and dramatists such as Sophocles, Aristophanes, and Euripides.

In Ethics ( 1912 ) Moore rejected a purely hedonistic utilitarianism and argued that there is a range of values that might be maximized.

In The Methods of Ethics Henry Sidgwick asked “ is it total or average happiness that we seek to make a maximum ?” He noted that aspects of the question had been overlooked and answered the question himself by saying that what had to be maximized was the average multiplied by the number of people living.

John Stuart Mill's distinction between higher and lower pleasures might suggest that he gave more status to humans but in The Methods of Ethics Sidgwick says " We have next to consider who the " all " are, whose happiness is to be taken into account.

Ethics tend to be focused on moral goods rather than natural goods, while economics tends to be interested in the opposite.

In February 2010 APA's Council of Representatives voted to amend the association's Code of Ethics to make clear that its standards can never be interpreted to justify or defend violating human rights.

One source is commentaries to " A System of Ethics " by Friederich Paulsen ( 1917-1918 ) where he expressed: " I do not agree with the view that to be moral, the motive of one action has to be benefiting others ... Morality does not have to be defined in relation to others ... People like me want to ... satisfy our hearts to the full, and in doing so we automatically have the most valuable moral codes.

This was based on Aquinas ' conflation of natural law and natural right, the latter of which Aristotle posits in Book V of the Nicomachean Ethics (= Book IV of the Eudemian Ethics ).

Pantheism was popularized in the modern era as both a theology and philosophy based on the work of Baruch Spinoza, whose treatise, Ethics, was an answer to Descartes ' famous dualist theory that the body and spirit are separate.

His Book V of Nicomachean Ethics, after an outline of positive characteristics ( e. g., " liberality ," " noble-mindedness ," " wit ") encouraged in humans, sketched some characters based on their possession or lack of these characteristics.

The first international academic journals in this field emerged from North America in the late 1970s and early 1980s – the US-based journal Environmental Ethics in 1979 and the Canadian based journal The Trumpeter: Journal of Ecosophy in 1983.

# " There is a Tenth Mode, which is mainly concerned with Ethics, being based on rules of conduct, habits, laws, legendary beliefs, and dogmatic conceptions.

Ethics in the Vedas are based on the concepts of Satya and Rta.

Margo Kingston set an ethical standard for Webdiary based on the Code of Ethics of the Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance, and also an Editorial Policy.

Ethics in Buddhism are traditionally based on the enlightened perspective of the Buddha, or other enlightened beings who followed him.

An ethics complaint was filed against Fletcher Hartsell with the North Carolina Senate Ethics Committee alleging conflict-of-interest based on his past legal representation of a developer and the Water and Sewer Authority of Cabarrus County.

* Ethics and morality should serve human needs, and choices should be based upon consideration of the consequences of actions rather than pre-ordained rules or commandments ;

Ethics are based on religion and, declares the Pope, this is the realm where the Church meets industrial society.

The three bodies collaborate in supporting the Accounting Professional & Ethical Standards Board, founded in 2006, which publishes ethics-related standards for accountants in Australia based on the international standards published by the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants ( IESBA ).

In Ethics section, students are asked to choose 3 most " ethical " decision based on the situation described.

Some journalistic Codes of Ethics, notably the European ones, also include a concern with discriminatory references in news based on race, religion, sexual orientation, and physical or mental disabilities.

In her 1988 book, Lesbian Ethics: Towards a New Value, Lesbian Philosopher Sarah Lucia Hoagland alludes to Lesbian Separatism's potential to encourage lesbians to develop healthy community ethics based on shared values.

On September 26, 2008, Sam Hoyt was disciplined by Assembly Speaker Sheldon Silver based on a report completed by the New York State Assembly Standing Committee on Ethics and Guidance.

An article based on Chapter 5, " The Clash Between Academic Values and Business Values ," appeared in Business & Professional Ethics Journal, Vol.

Damon coauthored, with Gardner and Csikszentmihalyi, Good Work: When Excellence and Ethics Meet ( 2001 ) and has written books on business and philanthropy based on the project ( The Moral Advantage and Taking Philanthropy Seriously, in 2004 and 2006 ).

The earliest surviving Arabic work on medical ethics is Ishaq ibn ' Ali al-Ruhawi's Adab al-Tabib (" Practical Ethics of the Physician " or " Practical Medical Deontology ") and was based on the works of Hippocrates and Galen.

* Ethics and morality should serve human needs and choices should be based upon consideration of the consequences of actions rather than pre-ordained rules or commandments.

The educational process here is based on four principal directions: Introduction and Interpretation of the Bible, ( Introduction and Interpretation of Old and New Testaments ), Theoretical Theology ( Doctrinal Theology, Petrology, Armenian Theological Chronicles ), Historical Theology ( General History of Church, History of the Armenian Church, Ethics, History of Religions ), and Practical Theology ( Science of Religion, Chronology, Moral Theology, Science of Rituals ).

The Foundation for Thought and Ethics ( FTE ) is a Christian non-profit organization based in Richardson, Texas, that publishes textbooks and articles promoting intelligent design, abstinence, and Christian nationism.