Evolutionary computation is a sub-field of the metaheuristic methods.

Kenneth Boulding was one of the advocates of the evolutionary methods in social science, as is evident from Kenneth Boulding's Evolutionary Perspective.

Evolutionary computation methods have been designed for automated bargaining, and demonstrated efficient and effective for approximating Nash equilibrium.

Evolutionary methods of composing music are based on genetic algorithms.

Evolutionary methods led the way in the exploration of non-gradient methods for MDO applications.

However, all the methods are in some way based on two major types of prototyping: Throwaway Prototyping and Evolutionary Prototyping.

The X-Men defeated him in combat, but it was then revealed that his powers were artificially simulated by a suit designed by the High Evolutionary, and that his attack was merely a distraction so the High Evolutionary could gain an unknown object from the Dreaming Celestial in order to further a shared goal between Magneto and the High Evolutionary.

Evolutionary computing techniques mostly involve metaheuristic optimization algorithms.

Evolutionary optimization techniques are particularly useful in situations in which it is easy to determine the quality of a single solution, but hard to go through all possible solutions one by one ( it is easy to determine the driving time for a particular route of the delivery truck, but it is almost impossible to check all possible routes once the number of destinations grows to more than a handful ).

* Evolutionary algorithm, an optimization algorithm

Evolutionary aesthetics refers to evolutionary psychology theories in which the basic aesthetic preferences of Homo sapiens are argued to have evolved in order to enhance survival and reproductive success.

Evolutionary explanations for aesthetical preferences are important parts of evolutionary musicology, Darwinian literary studies, and the study of the evolution of emotion.

Evolutionary psychologists hold that behaviors or traits that occur universally in all cultures are good candidates for evolutionary adaptations including the abilities to infer others ' emotions, discern kin from non-kin, identify and prefer healthier mates, and cooperate with others.

On the other hand, Michael K. Richardson, Professor of Evolutionary Developmental Zoology, Leiden University, while recognizing that some criticisms of the drawings are legitimate ( indeed, it was he and his co-workers who began the modern criticisms in 1998 ), has supported the drawings as teaching aids, and has said that " on a fundamental level, Haeckel was correct "

Evolutionary Biologist Richard Dawkins notes " perhaps several different species " of robust hominids, and " as usual their affinities, and the exact number of species, are hotly disputed.

Evolutionary psychology studies the animal nervous system from an evolutionary perspective, including aspects such as vision and navigation that are not necessarily related to social behavior.

Evolutionary psychologists, following Darwinian anthropologists ' interpretation of kin selection theory initially attempted to explain human altruistic behavior through kin selection by stating that " behaviors that help a genetic relative are favored by natural selection.

Evolutionary ancestry means that structures evolved from some structure in a common ancestor ; for example, the wings of bats and the arms of primates are homologous in this sense.

Evolutionary diffusion theory holds that cultures are influenced by one another, but that similar ideas can be developed in isolation.

Evolutionary psychology explanations for the existence of beards include signaling sexual maturity and signaling dominance by increasing perceived size of jaws, and clean-shaved faces are rated less dominant than bearded.

Arguably the most important works by Veblen include, but are not restricted to, his most famous works ( Theory of the Leisure Class ; Theory of Business Enterprise ), but his monograph Imperial Germany and the Industrial Revolution and the 1898 essay entitled Why is Economics not an Evolutionary Science have both been influential in shaping the research agenda for following generations of social scientists.

Evolutionary biologists are interested in five specific questions in regards to evolution of the genome, these are:

* Evolutionary programming-Similar to genetic programming, but the structure of the program is fixed and its numerical parameters are allowed to evolve.

Evolutionary systems, similar to dynamic systems are understood as open, complex systems, but with the capacity to evolve over time.

These are Classical, Processual, Evolutionary and Systemic approaches.

Evolutionary studies with these plants showed that the cambial variants are evolving in a recapitulatory fashion and towards an increase in anatomical complexity.

Evolutionary algorithms are now used to solve multi-dimensional problems more efficiently than software produced by human designers, and also to optimise the design of systems.

After a battle with the Avengers against the Elder God Chthon, the siblings learn from Bova, one of the New Men created by the character the High Evolutionary, that they are the children of Maximoff, and not Robert Frank.

After their mother Magda dies in childbirth, the children are given by the High Evolutionary to Django Maximoff to raise as his own.

Evolutionary ancestors of the cnidarians, such as sponges, do not have nervous tissue however do contain homologs of several genes which are important in nerve formation.

Evolutionary biology is a conceptual subfield of biology that intersects with other subfields that are delimited by organizational level ( e. g. cell biology, population biology ), taxonomic level ( e. g. zoology, ornithology, herpetology ) or angle of approach ( e. g. field biology, theoretical biology, experimental evolution, paleontology ).

Evolutionary biologists try to reconcile the high heritability seen in twin studies with the difficulty in finding which genes are responsible for this heritability using genome-wide association studies.

With his Los Alamos colleague Robert Schrandt he published a report, " Some Elementary Attempts at Numerical Modeling of Problems Concerning Rates of Evolutionary Processes ", which applied some of his earlier ideas on branching processes to biological inheritance.

Evolutionary psychology and sociobiology have also discussed and produced theories for some specific forms of male aggression such as sociobiological theories of rape and theories regarding the Cinderella effect.

Evolutionary algorithms operate on a population of genotypes ( in some algorithms these may be divided into species with differing genomes ), in neuroevolution a genotype is some representation of a neural network ( a phenotype ).

Wallace ( 2010 ) observes that the evolutionary psychologists ' definition of ' mind ' have been heavily influenced by cognitivism and / or information processing definitions of the mind Critics point out that these assumptions underlying Evolutionary Psychologists ’ hypotheses are controversial and have been contested by some psychologists, philosophers, and neuroscientists.

Of note, the High Evolutionary has forged weapons for his New Men that show some anti-mystical properties, as demonstrated by a lance wielded by the Beast that was actually able to damage the Darkhold.

After Lady Bova reveals that Magneto is responsible for their mother's death, the High Evolutionary told them that he was at a nearby cemetery and sends some of his warriors to accompany them.

Evolutionary technological improvements continued, however, and in 1998, for the first time, some non-Japanese Corollas received the new 1ZZ-FE engine.

In more recent years, research in the vicinity of Evolutionary psychology has proceeded on the basis that some observed transcultural regularities in human behaviour are also transhistoric, accounted for by their being fixed in the genetic legacy common to all Homo sapiens.

* Evolutionary Algorithms Demos – There are some applets with Evolution Strategies and Genetic Algorithms that the user can manipulate to solve problems.

Evolutionary psychiatrists and psychologists suggest that some mental disorders likely have multiple causes.

Evolutionary psychology argues that in some areas men and women have faced clearly different evolutionary problems and have evolved different characteristics or adaptations in response.

In his operations field manual titled Evolutionary Tactics, LTC Channon lists some of the important missions of the Earth Battalion as:

Presumably, the revived Gregor Russoff recovered the Darkhold and somehow managed to hide his activities from the High Evolutionary and Magnus for some time.