The son of Prince August of Saxe-Coburg and his wife Clémentine of Orléans, daughter of king Louis Philippe I of the French, Ferdinand was a grandnephew of Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and of Leopold I, first king of the Belgians.

In 1809, Louis Philippe married Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily, daughter of King Ferdinand IV of Naples and Maria Carolina of Austria.

Prince Ferdinand Philippe of Orléans ( 3 September 1810 – 13 July 1842 ) was the eldest son of Louis Philippe d ' Orléans, Duke of Orléans and future King Louis Philippe I.

He was baptised with the names Ferdinand Philippe Louis Charles Henri Joseph, his forenames in honour of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Philippe Égalité, his grandfathers.

In September 1824, King Charles X granted the style of Royal Highness, a style which Ferdinand Philippe maintained at his fathers accession to the throne six years later.

Ferdinand Philippe with his mother in 1819.

When his father was offered the French throne by the Chamber of Deputies, Prince Ferdinand Philippe received the title of Duke of Orléans, Prince of Orléans and became Prince Royal, the heir apparent to the throne.

In 1831 Ferdinand Philippe and his young brother Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours, set out on their first campaign, under Maréchal Gérard.

The following year Ferdinand Philippe returned to Belgium in command of the vanguard brigade of the armée du Nord.

Ferdinand Philippe set out for Algeria a third time in March 1840, taking with him his young brother the Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale, tutoring him in his first military experience.

Ferdinand Philippe and Queen Marie-Amélie got off to a bad start when the young French Prince Royal refused to shave off the proud beard that had set a fashion among French youth.

Ferdinand soon became dependent on Barbara for advice and support ; when he ascended the Spanish crown as Ferdinand VI, the French ambassador noted " it is rather Barbara who succeeds Elizabeth of Ferdinand than Ferdinand succeeding Philippe.

Through Louis Philippe's son Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans she is also an ancestor of the Spanish Royal Family and its head, King Juan Carlos I of Spain.

* Louis Philippe Marie Ferdinand Gaston d ' Orléans, Count of Eu ( 28 April 1842 – 28 August 1922 ), who married Isabella, eldest daughter and heiress of Dom Pedro II of Brazil ;

* Ferdinand Philippe Marie d ' Orléans, Duke of Alençon ( 12 July 1844 – 29 June 1910 ), who married Duchess Sophie Charlotte in Bavaria ( 1847 – 1897 ), sister of Elizabeth, Empress of Austria (" Sisi "), and who had been for a time engaged to Ludwig II of Bavaria ;

In the spring of 1832, during the cholera outbreak in Paris, he visited the hospitals in company with Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans.

This proved a disastrous failure ; Henry's younger brother Ferdinand was given as a hostage to guarantee that the Portuguese would fulfill the terms of the peace agreement that had been made with Çala Ben Çala.

* November 7 – Christopher Columbus returns to Spain from his fourth voyage, where he and his younger son, Ferdinand, explored the coast of Central America from Belize to Panama.

* Ferdinand the Holy Infante ( 1402 – 1443 ), king John I younger son, died in Morocco, prisoner of the Moors

Franz Joseph was soon joined by three younger brothers: Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian ( born 1832, the future Emperor Maximilian of Mexico ); Archduke Karl Ludwig ( born 1833, and the father of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria ), and Archduke Ludwig Viktor ( born 1842 ), and a sister, Maria Anna ( born 1835 ), who died at the age of four.

His son Ferdinand Ritter von Arlt, the younger, was also an ophthalmologist.

Philip was forced to return to the Spanish throne as his younger son, the later Ferdinand VI, was not yet of age.

Charles V (; ; ; ; 24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558 ) was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516 until his voluntary retirement and abdication in favor of his younger brother Ferdinand I and his son Philip II in 1556.

The Habsburg Monarchy passed to Charles ' younger brother Ferdinand, whereas the Spanish Empire was inherited by his son Philip II.

Annette was the second of four children: she had an elder sister Maria Anna ( nicknamed " Jenny ", 1795-1859 ) and two younger brothers, Werner Konstantin ( 1798-1867 ) and Ferdinand ( 1800-1829 ).

Two decades later, in Florence on 6 May 1821, Ferdinand married again, this time to the much younger Princess Maria Ferdinanda of Saxony ( 1796-1865 ).

In his role as feudal overlord, Sancho III of Navarre nominated his younger son Ferdinand, born to the deceased count's sister Mayor, as count of Castile.

He had hoped that his younger grandson and namesake, Ferdinand I, who was Charles I's brother and had been born and raised in Castile, would succeed him.

Ferdinand, the couple's younger son

Beatrice was the only child of King Ferdinand I of Portugal, and heir to the throne, after her younger brothers ' deaths in 1380 and 1382.

He was grandson of Rear-Admiral John Stanhope, son of Ferdinand Stanhope, younger son of the aforementioned Reverend Michael Stanhope.

His younger brother Ferdinand grew up to become king of Aragon.

He married his half-aunt Joanna in 1496, shortly before his death ( she was the daughter of his grandfather Ferdinand and his second wife, Joanna of Aragon ; Joanna, born in 1478, a late child of a second marriage, was actually younger than Ferdinand ).

Henri was the posthumous son of Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry, younger son of Charles X of France, by his wife, Princess Carolina of Naples and Sicily, daughter of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies.

Observed by the intelligence service, he enjoyed in the small Swiss art world the dubious reputation as head of the “ realist school ” and inspired younger artists like Auguste Baud-Bovy and Ferdinand Hodler.

When Charles inherited the Spanish throne from his older half-brother in 1759, he left Naples and Sicily to his younger son, Ferdinand IV.

* John I, then Master of Aviz, was elected by the Council of the Kingdom King of Portugal on 6 April 1385 in the aftermath of 1383 – 1385 Crisis, his half-brother Ferdinand I had died without a male heir in October 1383, strenuous efforts were made to secure the throne for Princess Beatrice, Ferdinand's only daughter and Queen consort of Castile and León or her uncles Infante John, Duke of Valencia de Campos and Infante Denis, Lord of Cifuentes, but the Council elected the younger and yet illegitimate son of Peter I.

In violation of the laws, Cisneros acceded to Charles's desire to be proclaimed king ; he secured the person of Charles's younger brother Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor ; he fixed the seat of the courts at Madrid ; and he established a standing army by drilling the citizens of the towns.

The first one was the fact that queen Isabel II was a woman, and her father, king Ferdinand VII, had modified the Succession Law in order for her to be queen, excluding his brother Carlos.

Following Schubert's early death in 1828, Diabelli purchased a large portion of the composer's massive musical estate from Schubert's brother Ferdinand.

The spark was Napoleon's invasion of Spain, after which he deposed King Ferdinand VII and, in July 1808, placed his brother Joseph Bonaparte on the Spanish throne.

According to the act of settlement of 1499, George's Protestant brother Heinrich was now heir prospective ; but George, disregarding his father's will, sought to disinherit his brother and to bequeath the duchy to Ferdinand, brother of Charles V. His sudden death prevented the carrying out of this intention.

The latter would end up going to a more junior branch of the Habsburgs in the person of Charles's brother Ferdinand, while the senior branch continued rule in Spain and in the Burgundian inheritance in the person of Charles's son, Philip II of Spain.

Having borne only a female heir presumptive, it appeared that Ferdinand would be succeeded by his brother, Infante Carlos of Spain.

Ferdinand – resisting the wishes of his brother – decreed the Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, enabling his daughter Isabella to become Queen.

Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808, the capture of the Spanish king, Ferdinand VII, and Napoleon's attempt to put his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, on the Spanish throne, severed the major remaining links between metropolis and satellite.

Under Charles V and his brother Ferdinand, the Habsburgs reoccupied Buda and took Hungary.

With their efforts repulsed, and more Habsburg fortresses captured as a result, Ferdinand and his brother Charles V were forced to conclude a humiliating five-year treaty with Suleiman.

Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl Ferdinand von Humboldt ( 22 June 1767 – 8 April 1835 ) was a Prussian philosopher, government functionary, diplomat, and founder of the University of Berlin, which was named after him ( and his brother, naturalist Alexander von Humboldt ) in 1949.

* August 10 – Ferdinand VI of Spain dies and is succeeded by his half – brother Charles III.

* October 25 – Charles V abdicates as Holy Roman Emperor and is succeeded by his brother Ferdinand.

In 1556, Charles V abdicated in favour of his son Philip II and his brother Ferdinand I. Charles's Italian possessions, including Milan, passed to Philip II and the Spanish line of Habsburgs, while Ferdinand's Austrian line of Habsburgs ruled the Holy Roman Empire.

Charles V wished his son Philip ( afterwards king of Spain ) to succeed him as emperor, but his brother Ferdinand, who had already been designated as the next occupant of the imperial throne, and Maximilian objected to this proposal.

The Habsburgs ' hereditary territories, however, were soon separated from this enormous empire when, in 1520, Emperor Charles V left them to the rule of his brother, Ferdinand.

On land he again defeated the Moors, who attempted to retake Ceuta in 1418 ; but in an expedition to Tangier, undertaken in 1437 by King Edward ( 1433 – 1438 ), the Portuguese army was defeated, and could only escape destruction by surrendering as a hostage Prince Ferdinand, the king's youngest brother.

Ferdinand was forced to flee from Naples in 1806 when Napoleon Bonaparte deposed him and installed his brother, Joseph, as king.

Ferdinand IV was restored as king ; however, after only seven years Napoleon conquered the kingdom and instated Bonapartist kings including his brother Joseph Bonaparte.

Finally, Antonia was married by proxy on 19 April in the Church of the Augustine Friars, Vienna ; her brother Ferdinand stood in as the bridegroom.

His sister Anne was married to Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, then a governor on behalf of his brother Charles V, and later Emperor Ferdinand I.