The processes of protein folding and binding can be simulated using such technique as molecular mechanics, in particular, molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo, which increasingly take advantage of parallel and distributed computing ( Folding @ home project ; molecular modeling on GPU ).

* Folding @ Home ( Stanford University )

Central servers are typically used for listing potential peers ( Tor ), coordinating their activities ( Folding @ home ), and searching ( Napster, eMule ).

Stanford University's Folding @ home project is a distributed computing research effort which uses its approximately 5 petaFLOPS (~ 10 x86 petaFLOPS ) of computing power to attempt to model the tertiary ( and quaternary ) structures of proteins, as well as other aspects of how and why proteins fold into the inordinately complex and varied shapes they take.

Folding @ home allows for the modelling of disease states that are not as easily induced, without the need for test animals.

Due to its enormous flexibility, which has only briefly been discussed here, coupled with its ability to improve over time, Folding @ home and projects like it are quickly becoming indispensable tools among researchers from a broad variety of disciplines.

To date, over 78 scientific papers have been published on discoveries that relied on Folding @ home.

There are distributed computing projects which use idle CPU or GPU time of personal computers to solve problems such as protein folding or prediction of protein structure, one prominent example being the Folding @ home project.

* Folding @ Home

* Folding simulations of the Villin Headpiece in all-atom detail ( 2006, Size: 20, 000 atoms ; Simulation time: 500 µs = 500, 000 ns, Program: Folding @ home ) This simulation was run in 200, 000 CPU's of participating personal computers around the world.

These computers had the Folding @ home program installed, a large-scale distributed computing effort coordinated by Vijay Pande at Stanford University.

Under a non-GPL license, GROMACS is widely used in the Folding @ home distributed computing project for simulations of protein folding, where it is the project's most popular calculation cores.

To predict protein structure de novo for larger proteins will require better algorithms and larger computational resources like those afforded by either powerful supercomputers ( such as Blue Gene or MDGRAPE-3 ) or distributed computing ( such as Folding @ home, the Human Proteome Folding Project and Rosetta @ Home ).

Several distributed computing projects concerning protein structure prediction have also been implemented, such as the Folding @ home, Rosetta @ home, Human Proteome Folding Project, Predictor @ home, and TANPAKU.

* Points Per Day is a mechanism for measuring work done in the Folding @ home distributed computing project

** Folding @ home, a powerful distributed-computing project for simulating protein folding

Both Nvidia and ATI have teamed with Stanford University to create a GPU-based client for the Folding @ home distributed computing project, for protein folding calculations.

Folding @ home ( FAH or F @ h ) is a distributed computing project for simulation of protein folding, computational drug design, and other molecular dynamics for disease research.

Folding @ home is powered by the idle processing resources of thousands of personal computers and PlayStation 3s from volunteers who have installed the software on these systems.

To a lesser extent, Folding @ home also tries to predict a protein's final structure and determine how other molecules may interact with it, which has applications in drug design.

Folding is a spontaneous process independent of energy inputs from nucleoside triphosphates.

* Folding players should not expose hole cards, although enforcement of this rule tends to be lenient as such exposure is usually accidental.

Folding and thrusting is the expression of crustal shortening which is caused by the convergent movements of the European and Apulian plates.

Folding and take-down multi-piece ( nesting ) dinghies are used where space is limited.

Folding is most often observed in practice when viewing the frequency spectrum of real-valued samples using a discrete Fourier transform.

Folding in sediments is analysed with the principle of original horizontality, which states that sediments are deposited at their angle of repose which, for most types of sediment, is essentially horizontal.

* Folding the napkin in tea ceremonies is a traditional action and is done to keep away bad Qi energy in China as tea ( 茶 ) was regarded as one of the seven daily necessities.

) Folding map products are created as a derivative of the Thomas Guides, which carry the Rand McNally name, but mention that the content is from the Thomas Guides.

A widow, she lives in Upper Folding and is a friend of Fanny's.

* Around this time, Howl also looks for Prince Justin, which is how he gets to meet Lettie in Upper Folding.

Folding @ home is dedicated to producing significant amounts of results about protein folding, the diseases that result from protein misfolding, and the development of novel computational methods for drug design.

The Pande lab is part of Stanford University, a non-profit entity, and does not sell the results generated by Folding @ home.

The Human Proteome Folding Project ( HPF ) is a collaborative effort between New York University ( Bonneau Lab ), the Institute for Systems Biology ( ISB ) and the University of Washington ( Baker Lab ), using the Rosetta software developed by the Rosetta Commons.

** The Folding Cliffs by W. S.

* Masterworks of Paper Folding by Michael LaFosse

Folding rollfilm cameras were preceded by folding plate cameras, more compact than other designs.

Folding may be indicated verbally or by discarding one's hand face down into the pile of other discards called the muck, or into the pot ( uncommon ).

* Dividing a Segment into Equal Parts by Paper Folding at cut-the-knot

Then he goes to Upper Folding ( for the last time ) to ask Lettie more questions about Sophie, soon followed by Sophie and Michael in seven-league boots.

* Folding ( chemistry ), the process by which a molecule assumes its shape or conformation

Through a process known as adaptive sampling, these conformations are used by Folding @ home as starting points for a set of simulations trajectories.

Between 2000 and 2010, the length of the proteins Folding @ home has studied have increased by a factor of four, while its timescales for protein folding simulations have increased by six orders of magnitude.

Since 2008, its drug design approaches for Alzheimer's disease have been applied to Huntington's, and in 2010, Folding @ home researcher Veena Thomas proposed a novel therapeutic strategy for Huntington's which may be funded by the National Institutes of Health.

Folding @ home is also being used to study protein chaperones, heat shock proteins which play essential roles in cell survival by assisting with the folding of other proteins inside the crowded and chemically stressful intracellular environment.

In 2011, Folding @ home began simulations of the dynamics of the small knottin protein EETI, which can identify carcinomas in imaging scans by binding to surface receptors of cancer cells.

Scientists have used Folding @ home to research drug resistance by studying vancomycin, an antibiotic of " last resort ", and beta-lactamase, a protein that can break down antibiotics like penicillin.

Folding cartons first emerged around the 1860s and were shipped flat to save space, ready to be set up by customers when they were required.