For subjectivists rationality and coherence constrain the probabilities a subject may have, but allow for substantial variation within those constraints.

For him, " probability " means a higher chance of occurring, and brings about a higher degree of subjective expectation in the viewer.

* For the frequentist a hypothesis is a proposition ( which must be either true or false ), so that the frequentist probability of a hypothesis is either one or zero.

For objectivists, probability objectively measures the plausibility of propositions, i. e. the probability of a proposition corresponds to a reasonable belief everyone ( even a " robot ") sharing the same knowledge should share in accordance with the rules of Bayesian statistics, which can be justified by requirements of rationality and consistency.

For example, Hacking writes " And neither the Dutch book argument, nor any other in the personalist arsenal of proofs of the probability axioms, entails the dynamic assumption.

For example, the probability that an alpha particle striking a beryllium target will produce a neutron can be expressed as the equivalent cross section of beryllium for this type of reaction.

For example, in a system where there is no queuing, the GoS may be that no more than 1 call in 100 is blocked ( i. e., rejected ) due to all circuits being in use ( a GoS of 0. 01 ), which becomes the target probability of call blocking, P < sub > b </ sub >, when using the Erlang B formula.

For example, if one flips a fair coin 21 times, then the probability of 21 heads is 1 in 2, 097, 152 ( above ).

For most types of hashing functions the choice of the function depends strongly on the nature of the input data, and their probability distribution in the intended application.

For any information rate R < C and coding error ε > 0, for large enough N, there exists a code of length N and rate ≥ R and a decoding algorithm, such that the maximal probability of block error is ≤ ε ; that is, it is always possible to transmit with arbitrarily small block error.

For instance, if a particle is in a state | ψ ⟩, the probability of finding it in a region of volume d < sup > 3 </ sup > x surrounding some position x is

For example, consider a model which gives the probability density function of observable random variable X as a function of a parameter θ.

For example, the result of a significance test depends on the probability of a result as extreme or more extreme than the observation, and that probability may depend on the design of the experiment.

For a discrete probability function f ( y ), let y < sub > i </ sub >, i = 1 to n, be the points with non-zero probabilities indexed in increasing order ( y < sub > i </ sub > < y < sub > i + 1 </ sub >).

For a probability density function f ( x ) with the cumulative distribution function F ( x ), the Lorenz curve L ( F ( x )) is given by:

For a probability distribution, the mean is equal to the sum or integral over every possible value weighted by the probability of that value.

For example, naive Bayes and linear discriminant analysis are joint probability models, whereas logistic regression is a conditional probability model.

For the special case where is a joint probability distribution and the loss function is the negative log likelihood a risk minimization algorithm is said to perform generative training, because can be regarded as a generative model that explains how the data were generated.

For calling to have a positive expectation, Alice must believe the probability of her opponent having a weak hand is over 40 percent.

For example, seven shuffles of a new deck leaves an 81 % probability of winning New Age Solitaire where the probability is 50 % with a uniform random deck ( Mann, especially section 10 ).

For example, one can say for a given transition that it corresponds to the excitation of an electron from an occupied orbital to a given unoccupied orbital.

For example, the equation y = x corresponds to the set of all the points on the plane whose x-coordinate and y-coordinate are equal.

For many applications where one is only concerned about rotation around one axis, it is sufficient to discard the pseudovector nature of angular momentum, and treat it like a scalar where it is positive when it corresponds to a counter-clockwise rotation, and negative clockwise.

For example, the asterism known as the Big Dipper corresponds to the seven brightest stars of the larger IAU constellation of Ursa Major.

For Hume, an " impression " corresponds roughly with what we call a sensation.

For instance, the word " birthdate " might be glossed in furigana as 「 バースデイト 」, which corresponds to an imperfect pronunciation like " baasudeito ".

For example, Hungarian corresponds to Khanty in certain positions, and Hungarian corresponds to Khanty, while Hungarian final corresponds to Khanty final.

For the real case this corresponds to the dot product of the results of directionally differential scaling of the two vectors, with positive scale factors and orthogonal directions of scaling.

For example, rather than expressing a sound file as the amplitude levels over time, one may express it as the frequency spectrum over time, which corresponds more accurately to human audio perception.

For example, the notion of gauge invariance forms the basis of the well-known Mattis spin glasses, which are systems with the usual spin degrees of freedom for i = 1 ,..., N, with the special fixed " random " couplings Here the ε < sub > i </ sub > and ε < sub > k </ sub > quantities can independently and " randomly " take the values ± 1, which corresponds to a most-simple gauge transformation This means that thermodynamic expectation values of measurable quantities, e. g. of the energy are invariant.

For positive J < sub > 0 </ sub > the thermodynamics of the Mattis spin glass corresponds in fact simply to a ferromagnet, just because these systems have no " frustration “ at all.

For either mode, a more positive gate voltage corresponds to a higher current for N-channel devices and a lower current for P-channel devices.

For example, the triple point at 251 K (− 22 ° C ) and 210 MPa ( 2070 atm ) corresponds to the conditions for the coexistence of ice Ih ( ordinary ice ), ice III and liquid water, all at equilibrium.

For example in file transmission, the " goodput " corresponds to the file size ( in bits ) divided by the file transmission time.

For example, a Unicode code point like U + 5408, which corresponds to a particular Chinese character, has to be converted to a decimal number, preceded by and followed by, like this:, which produces this: 合 ( if it doesn't look like a Chinese character, see Template: Special characters ).

For given test functions, the relevant notion of convergence only corresponds to the topology used in C.

For an observer on the Earth, this corresponds to the period it takes the Sun to complete one course throughout the zodiac along the ecliptic.

For example, dhanu means " bow " and corresponds to Sagittarius, the " archer ", and kumbha means " water-pitcher " and corresponds to Aquarius, the " water-carrier ".

For electromagnetic radiation, the amplitude of a photon corresponds to the changes in the electric field of the wave.

For an irrotational vector field in three-dimensional space the inverse-square law corresponds to the property that the divergence is zero outside the source.

For this decision a man must take personal responsibility.

For various reasons, however, poverty and personal inclination among others, he did not take a prominent part in the military operations of this period.

For example, Hume's views on personal identity do not appear.

" For Sakharov the indeterminacy of the future supported his belief that he could, and should, take personal responsibility for it.

For example, ancient Hindu religious texts list clairvoyance amongst other forms of ' clear ' experiencing, as siddhis, or ' perfections ', skills that are yielded through appropriate meditation and personal discipline.

For I was not relating my own personal views, but rather the remarks that they Jews are wont to make against us.

For Hitler himself, this explanatory model for World War I was of crucial personal importance.

For the most part, the letter is personal in nature, with only the final two chapters spent addressing issues of doctrine, almost as an aside.

For some, " episcopal churches " are churches that use a hierarchy of bishops that regard themselves as being in an unbroken, personal Apostolic succession.

For people in some remote areas, cash out may be the only way they can withdraw cash from their personal accounts.

For example, Polish has 5 genders, since it has split the masculine into: animate personal ( people ), animate non-personal ( mostly animals ), and inanimate ( things ).

For instance, the Canadian monarch is described by the government as being the personification of the Canadian state and is described by the Department of Canadian Heritage as the " personal symbol of allegiance, unity and authority for all Canadians ".

For example, when looking up a personal name, it may be desirable to ignore the distinction between upper and lower case letters.

For this reason he demands " mutuality " in marriage — the equal right of a woman to her own personal freedom and property.

For example, in highly emotional cases, such as child rape, the jury may be tempted to convict based on personal feelings rather than on conviction beyond reasonable doubt.

For example, when five American soldiers accidentally burned several copies of Quran at nearby Bagram Airfield in February 2012, politicians in Kabul showed their personal anger in the media.

For example, according to the theory of mythopoeic thought, the ancients tended to view things as persons, not as mere objects ; thus, they described natural events as acts of personal gods, thus giving rise to myths.

For the personal name, see Agrippa ( praenomen ).

For example, the personal pronouns in English can be organized into tables, using the categories of person ( first, second, third ), number ( singular vs. plural ), gender ( masculine, feminine, neuter ), and case ( subjective, objective, and possessive ).

For example, ordination of women is universally accepted in the mainline churches, abortion is condemned as a grievous social tragedy but not always a personal sin or a crime against an unborn person, and homosexuality is recognized as a genetic propensity or morally neutral preference that should be neither encouraged nor condemned.

For the purposes of authentication, most countries require commercial or personal documents which originate from or are signed in another country to be notarized before they can be used or officially recorded or before they can have any legal effect.

For Cumberland, human interdependence precludes Hobbes's natural right of each individual to wage war against all the rest for personal survival.

For two years after the bombing the only memorials to the victims were plush toys, crucifixes, letters, and other personal items left by thousands of people at a security fence surrounding the site of the building.

For example, almost no evidence exists for Monroe's personal religious beliefs, though this may be the result of the destruction of most of his personal correspondence, in which religious sentiments may have been recorded.