Founded on September 17, 1804 by Father Estévan Tapís of the Franciscan order, the mission site was chosen as a midway point between Mission Santa Barbara and Mission La Purísima Concepción, and was designed to relieve overcrowding at those two missions and to serve the Indians living east of the Coast Range.

Founded in 1804, it is the oldest university in Ohio, oldest in the Northwest Territory, and ninth oldest public university in the United States.

Founded in 1628, L ' Eglise du Saint-Esprit in New York is older, but it left the French Reformed movement in 1804 to become part of the Episcopal Church.

Founded in 1804 at Amiens, France, by St. Julie Billiart and Marie-Louise-Françoise Blin de Bourdon, Countess of Gézaincourt, whose name as a Sister was Mother St. Joseph.

Founded in 1804, it was the first university established in the Northwest Territory and is the ninth oldest public university in the United States.

Founded in 1804 by Abraham Stouffer, the hamlet was originally named Stoufferville.

Founded in 1804 as New York's first museum, the New-York Historical Society presents exhibitions, public programs and research that explore the rich history of New York and the nation.

Founded by the Gallic tribe of the Cavares or Cavari, it became the centre of an important Phocaean colony from Massilia ( present Marseilles ).

Founded circa 710 BC as the Achaean colony of Croton (; ), it was known as Cotrone from the Middle Ages until 1928, when its name was changed to the current one.

Founded in 1706, Chestertown rose in stature when it was named one of the English colony of Maryland's six Royal Ports of Entry.

Founded in 1824, as San Felipe de Austin, the town served as the capital of Stephen F. Austin's first colony and the founding spot of the Texas Rangers.

Founded in 1880 by English author Thomas Hughes, Rugby was built as an experimental utopian colony.

Founded as an ancient Greek colony in the 6th century BC by the name of Aulon and continuously inhabited for about 26 centuries, Vlorë is home to the Port of Vlorë and University of Vlorë as the most important economical and cultural city of southwestern Albania.

Founded in 1616 by the Kingdom of Portugal, Belém was the first European colony on the Amazon but did not become part of Brazil until 1775.

Founded as a haven for the Huguenots, the colony was ultimately destroyed by the Portuguese in 1567.

Founded as a military outpost and colony in 1778, it became strategically important with the opening of the Paraguay River to international trade after the Paraguayan War ( 1865 – 70 ).

Founded in 1792 by Reverend John Stuart based upon a grant for secondary education in the colony of Upper Canada, it moved to its present location in 1892.

Founded as a Spanish colony in 1510 by Diego de Nicuesa, it was one of the first European settlements on the Isthmus of Panama.

Founded in antiquity as a Phoenician colony, it became a haven for pirates as an independent republic before being incorporated into Alaouite Morocco.

Founded in the autumn of 1872 as an outgrowth of the Union Colony in nearby Greeley, the colony was instrumental in the early growth of Fort Collins, as well as in making it an agricultural center in the Colorado Territory at a time when the region was still known primarily for its mineral resources.

In 1804, he had moved from the University of Kiel to the University of Landshut, but, on being commanded by King Maximilian Joseph to draft a penal code for Bavaria ( Strafgesetzbuch für das Königreich Bayern ), in 1805 he moved to Munich where he was given a high appointment in the Ministry of Justice and was ennobled in 1808.

* Haitian Revolution, Haiti colony ( 1791 – 1804 )

Before Haiti established its independence from French administration in 1804, Haiti ranked as the world's richest and most productive colony.

In 1804 the black and mulatto revolutionaries succeeded in gaining freedom, declaring the colony the independent black nation of Haiti.

As a free citizen, and with his freedom in serious jeopardy due to attempts of the French government to re-establish slavery in its colony of Saint-Domingue, he enlisted in the black revolutionary army to fight as a private during the Haïtian Revolution between 1803 – 1804.

Haiti, a French slave colony, was the first to follow the United States to independence, during the Haitian Revolution, which lasted from 1791 to 1804.

King also encouraged private importers and traders, opened a public brewery in 1804, and introduced a schedule of values for Indian copper and Spanish pieces of eight which were used as currency ; there was still a serious problem keeping the coin in the colony despite it being valued higher than its face value.

Haiti was a French colony, and the final years of the 1791 – 1804 Haitian Revolution brought a wave of French settlers fleeing with their Haitian slaves to Cuba.

The Haitian Revolution ( 1791 – 1804 ) was a slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, which culminated in the elimination of slavery there and the founding of the Haitian republic.

Lack of wood and fresh water eventually persuaded Lieutenant-Governor David Collins to abandon the colony in 1804 with the settlers and convicts departing for the new town of Hobart in Van Diemen's Land.

The Castle Hill Rebellion of 1804 was a rebellion by convicts against colonial authority in the Castle Hill area of the British colony of New South Wales.

The river is connected with the German origin Mennonite culture, once based in the southeastern region of Ukraine since 1804 as Molotschna colony which was part of the Russian Empire at that time.

The penal colony was eventually closed on August 15, 1947 when India gained its independence.

After much experience at sea, including command of a ship that was saved in a storm by convicts, Phillip sailed with the First Fleet, as Governor-designate of the proposed British penal colony of New South Wales.

Bahá ’ u ’ lláh and his family were – in 1868 – exiled to the penal colony of Acre, Palestine where it was expected that the family would perish.

` Abdu ' l-Bahá soon became very popular in the penal colony and Myron Phelps a wealthy New York lawyer described how " a crowd of human beings ... Syrians, Arabs, Ethiopians, and many others ", all waited to talk and receive ` Abdu ' l-Bahá.

Pitman's short book about his desperate escape from a Caribbean penal colony for his part in the Monmouth Rebellion, his shipwrecking and subsequent desert island misadventures was published by J. Taylor of Paternoster Street, London, whose son William Taylor later published Defoe's novel.

Arthur Phillip decides that Botany Bay is unsuitable for the location of a penal colony, and decides to move to Port Jackson.

In the 17th and 18th century, the islands were used as a hideout for pirates, were the site of Alexander Selkirk's four-year marooning, and provided a location for a penal colony.

At this time the main island was being used as a penal colony.

However, when Dr John Coulter visited the penal colony in the early 1840s, he reported it deserted after the convicts had risen up and killed the soldiers who had held them captive.

* 1787 – Captain Arthur Phillip leaves Portsmouth, England, with eleven ships full of convicts ( the " First Fleet ") to establish a penal colony in Australia.

New Caledonia became a penal colony, and from the 1860s until the end of the transportations in 1897, about 22, 000 criminals and political prisoners were sent to New Caledonia, among them many Communards, including Henri de Rochefort and Louise Michel.

The principal islands are those of the Archipiélago de las Perlas in the middle of the Gulf of Panama, the penal colony on the Isla de Coiba in the Golfo de Chiriquí, and the decorative island of Taboga, a tourist attraction that can be seen from Panama City.

Kathryn Janeway, captain of the starship USS Voyager, obtained Paris ' temporary release from the penal colony.

Thirty-four Nova Scotians were banished and sent to either the Sherbro or a penal colony at Gore.

This version of the story was the first to give Todd a more sympathetic motive: he is a wrongfully imprisoned barber who returns to London after 15 years in an Australian penal colony under the new name Sweeney Todd, only to find that the judge responsible for his imprisonment has raped his young wife and driven her to suicide, and adopted his daughter.

In 1803, the island was colonised by the British as a penal colony with the name Van Diemen's Land, and became part of the British colony of New South Wales.

From the 1800s to the 1853 abolition of penal transportation ( known simply as " transportation "), Van Diemen's Land was the primary penal colony in Australia.

* May 13 – Captain Arthur Phillip leaves Portsmouth, England with 11 ships packed with 1, 000 convicts and their jailers to establish a penal colony in Australia.

* The Bengal Presidency first establishes a penal colony in the Andaman Islands.

* 1820: The Argentine Confederation ( Argentina ) establishes a penal colony in the Malvinas.

** Mary Bryant, one of the first successful escapees from the fledging Australian penal colony

* The Devil's Island penal colony opens.