* 1806 – Francis II, the last Holy Roman Emperor, abdicates ending the Holy Roman Empire.

Alfonso was the son of Queen Isabella II of Spain, and allegedly, of her husband and King Consort, Francis, Duke of Cádiz.

Thus, there was seen a need for a new law that would ensure the continuance of the succession following the death of the last legal heir under the Bill of Rights, being Princess Anne, guaranteeing the line of succession would continue in the Protestant line, and excluding any possible claims by the deposed James II or his son and daughter, James Francis Edward and Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart.

* 1804 – Francis II assumes the title of first Emperor of Austria.

Due, however, to their satiric and overtly liberal political inclinations, both operas were seen as unsuitable for public performance in the politically reactive cultures of Leopold II and later Francis II.

He was also the younger brother of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor.

In 1806 Francis II ( now Francis I of Austria ) named the Archduke Charles, already a field marshal, as Commander in Chief of the Austrian army and Head of the Council of War.

** Francis II ( 1559 – 1560 )

** Francis II ( 1859 – 1860 )

** Francis II ( 1458 – 1488 )

* Francis II ( 1559 – 1560 )

The music was written by Joseph Haydn in 1797 as an anthem for the birthday of the Austrian Emperor Francis II of the Holy Roman Empire.

The song was a birthday anthem to Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor of the House of Habsburg.

His grandfather, Thomas Francis, founder of the Carignano line of the House of Savoy, was the son of Catherine Michelle – a daughter of Philip II of Spain – and the great-grandson of the Emperor Charles V. But of more immediate consequence to Leopold I was the fact that Eugene was the second cousin of Victor Amadeus, the Duke of Savoy, a connection that the Emperor hoped might prove useful in any future confrontation with France.

Of equal alarm was Francis II Rákóczi's revolt which, by the end of the year, had reached as far as Moravia and Lower Austria.

The first Austrian Emperor was the last Holy Roman Emperor Francis II.

With the size of his imperial realm significantly reduced, Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor became Francis I, Emperor of Austria.

Meanwhile, Sir Francis Drake had undertaken a major voyage against Spanish ports and ships to the Caribbean in 1585 and 1586, and in 1587 had made a successful raid on Cadiz, destroying the Spanish fleet of war ships intended for the Enterprise of England: Philip II had decided to take the war to England.

Admiral of the Fleet Louis Francis Albert Victor Nicholas George Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma ( born Prince Louis of Battenberg ; 25 June 1900 – 27 August 1979 ), was a British statesman and naval officer, an uncle of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and second cousin once removed to Elizabeth II.

* Francis II, Duke of Brittany ( 1433 – 1488 )

* Francis II of France ( 1544 – 1560 )

The new imperial title may have sounded less prestigious than the old one, but Francis ' dynasty continued to rule from Austria and a Habsburg monarch was still an emperor ( Kaiser ), and not just merely a king ( König ), in name.

Mary may not have been told of every Catholic plot to put her on the English throne, but from the Ridolfi Plot of 1571 ( which caused Mary's suitor, the Duke of Norfolk, to lose his head ) to the Babington Plot of 1586, Elizabeth's spymaster Sir Francis Walsingham and the royal council keenly assembled a case against her.

Zamenhof may have chosen the name Ludwik in honor of Francis Lodwick ( or Lodowyck ), who in 1652 had published an early conlang proposal.

The Nobel prize winner Francis Crick, along with Leslie Orgel proposed seeds of life may have been purposely spread by an advanced extraterrestrial civilization, but considering an early " RNA world " Crick noted later that life originating may have originated on Earth.

On 2 January 1897 Gladstone wrote to Francis Hirst on being unable to write a preface to a book on liberalism: " I venture on assuring you that I regard the design formed by you and your friends with sincere interest, and in particular wish well to all the efforts you may make on behalf of individual freedom and independence as opposed to what is termed Collectivism ".

The cartoon lambastes Sir Francis Buller, a British judge, for allegedly ruling that a man may legally beat his wife, provided that he used a stick no thicker than his thumb, although it is questionable whether Buller ever made such a pronouncement ( poor record-keeping for trial transcripts in that era makes it difficult to determine whether such a ruling may have existed ).

Late in the year, the refugee Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine arrived in Brussels and met Thomas Francis ; they may have formed a joint court, and Thomas certainly participated in jousts organised by the Duke.

It is considered that Mary's uncles Francis, Duke of Guise and Charles of Guise may have held the real power in that period.

Francis was reported to have been killed in a hunting accident in 1894, but his death may have been a suicide.

The strait is not recorded in the voyages of Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo nor Francis Drake, both of whom may have explored the nearby coast in the 16th century in search of the fabled Northwest Passage.

Sir Philip Francis said of Fox: " The essential defect in his character and the cause of all his failures, strange as it may seem, was that he had no heart ".

John Baker has described them as " perhaps the single most influential series of named reports ", and even Francis Bacon, Coke's rival, wrote praisingly of them, saying " Had it not been for Sir Edward Coke's Reports ( which though they may have errors, and some peremptory and extrajudicial resolutions more than are warranted, yet they contain infinite good decisions and rulings over of cases ), for the law by this time had been almost like a ship without ballast ; for that the cases of modern experience are fled from those that are adjudged and ruled in former time ".

He was a member of the Knights of St. Francis of Wycombe, also known as the Hellfire Club or the Medmenham Monks, and was the instigator of a prank that may have hastened its dissolution.

In 1559, sickly fifteen-year-old Francis II of France ( married to the young Mary, Queen of Scots ) succeeded to the throne ; Mary's uncles François, Duc de Guise, and Charles de Guise may have held much of the true power in this period, and did much to persecute the French Protestants and reduce the power of the Bourbon and Condé princes.

* Brian Harris QC offers a radical new approach to the ' poisoning conspiracy ' and suggests that Overbury may not have died at the hands of Francis Essex.

In 1967, Francis Crick, the co-discoverer of the structure of DNA, stated " And so to those of you who may be vitalists I would make this prophecy: what everyone believed yesterday, and you believe today, only cranks will believe tomorrow.

Ironweed is set during the Great Depression and tells the story of Francis Phelan, an alcoholic vagrant originally from Albany, New York, who left his family after accidentally killing his infant son while he may have been drunk.

This suspicion seems to have arisen chiefly from his intimacy with Christopher Davenport, better known as Francis a Sancta Clara, a learned Franciscan friar who became chaplain to Queen Henrietta ; but it may have been strengthened by his known connection with Laud, as well as by his ascetic habits.

An author may be mentioned in many chapters: Shakespeare, Grotius, Francis Bacon and Thomas Hobbes appear in half a dozen different places.

"), and in 1663 Francis Hawkins advised " In yawning howl not, and thou shouldst abstain as much as thou can to yawn, especially when thou speakest ", but may also have arisen from concerns over public health.

It may be indicative of his abilities that of all the writers who did a substantial amount of work for Henslowe ’ s companies Day is one of only two not mentioned and praised by Francis Meres in his lists of the “ the best ” writers in 1598.

As early as 1598 Francis Meres includes Chettle in his Palladis Tamia as one of the " best for comedy ", and Henslowe lists payments to him for thirty-six plays between 1598 and 1603, and he may have been involved in as many as fifty plays, although only a dozen seem to be his alone.