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French Catholic librarian Jean-Baptiste Pérès wrote a satirical refutation of Dupuis's work under the title of Grand Erratum ( 1827 ), in which he maintains, in parallel to Dupuis's thesis that the cult of Christ is merely a cult of the Sun, that Napoleon ( who, in reality, died a mere six years before the publication of the pamphlet ) never existed, but was only a sun myth.
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French and Catholic
* 1651 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French educational reformer and Catholic saint ( d. 1719 )
He nevertheless succeeded in introducing an acerbic ideological strain into French Catholic mentality.
Category: French Roman Catholic priests
The name " Quinte " is derived from " Kente ", which was the name of an early French Catholic mission located on the south shore of what is now Prince Edward County.
Monasteries were among the institutions of the Catholic Church swept away during the French Revolution.
The assembly in CAR was led by Barthélemy Boganda, a Catholic priest who also was known for his forthright statements in the French Assembly on the need for African emancipation.
Also, the Druze formed an alliance with Britain and allowed Protestant missionaries to enter Mount Lebanon, creating tension between them and the Catholic Maronites, who were supported by the French.
The French Huguenot nobles and clergy, having rejected the pope and the Catholic Church, were left only with the supreme power of the king who, they taught, could not be gainsaid or judged by anyone.
In December 1584, an alliance between Philip II and the French Catholic League at Joinville undermined the ability of Anjou's brother, Henry III of France, to counter Spanish domination of the Netherlands.
* 1800 – Émilie Gamelin, French Canadian Roman Catholic Religious Sister, founder of the Sisters of Providence ( d. 1851 )
Enlightenment thinkers such as Voltaire helped fuel this resentment by denigrating the Catholic Church and destabilizing the French monarchy.
The Concordat of 1801 between Napoleon and the Church ended the de-Christianization period and established the rules for a relationship between the Catholic Church and the French State that lasted until it was abrogated by the Third Republic via the separation of church and state on 11 December 1905.
The French Revolution was a time of upheaval, especially towards traditional ideology, in almost every sense: the current monarch, King Louis XVI, was executed ; the Catholic Church was all but abolished ; a new calendar was created ; and a new Republican government was established.
*" French Revolution " in the Catholic Encyclopedia
In Catholic literature in English, the term " assist at Mass " has been used to mean " to attend Mass " due to a mistranslation of the French " assister à la messe " which means " to attend Mass ".
It was a Roman Catholic convent run by French Ursuline nuns, who had been exiled from France after religious education was banned in 1903.
Today the population of Guadeloupe is mainly of African or mixed descent and largely Roman Catholic, speaking French and a Creole patois ( Antillean Creole ).
However, there was a strong faction at the English court, headed by Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, proposing that Mary and William, because of their anti-Catholic position, should be replaced by some Catholic French heir.
After the French Revolution the anticlerical feeling in Catholic countries coupled with the liberalizing effect of the Napoleonic Code made it possible to sweep away sodomy laws.
African culture thus remained strong among slaves to the end of French rule, in particular the folk-religion of Vodou, which commingled Catholic liturgy and ritual with the beliefs and practices of Guinea, Congo, and Dahomey.
Renewed Catholic reaction – headed by the powerful Francis, Duke of Guise – led to a massacre of Huguenots at Vassy in 1562, starting the first of the French Wars of Religion, during which English, German, and Spanish forces intervened on the side of rival Protestant and Catholic forces.
The Wars of Religion culminated in the War of the Three Henrys ( 1584 – 1598 ) in which the royalist King Henry III of France assassinated Henry de Guise, leader of the Spanish-backed Catholic league and the king was murdered in return, followed by the ascension of the Huguenot Henry of Navarre to the French throne.
* 1873 – Thérèse of Lisieux, French Roman Catholic nun ( d. 1897 )
* 1412 – Joan of Arc, French military figure and Roman Catholic Saint ( legendary date ) ( d. 1431 )
French and librarian
* 1600 – Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar ( d. 1653 )
Firmin Abauzit ( 1679 – 1767 ) was a French scholar who worked on physics, theology and philosophy, and served as librarian in Geneva ( Switzerland ) during his final 40 years.
* January 11 – Antoine Alexandre Barbier, French librarian ( d. 1825 )
* February 2 – Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar ( d. 1653 )
** Jacques Gaffarel, French librarian and astrologer ( d. 1681 )
* July 10 – Gabriel Naudé, French librarian and scholar ( b. 1600 )
He appointed the great French humanist Guillaume Budé as chief librarian, and began to expand the collection.
Antoine Alexandre Barbier ( 11 January 1765 – 5 December 1825 ) was a French librarian and bibliographer.
He became librarian successively to the French Directory, to the Conseil d ' Etat, and in 1807 to Napoleon, from whom he carried out a number of commissions.
Gabriel Naudé ( 2 February 1600 – 10 July 1653 ) was a French librarian and scholar.
He was the librarian of the French Ministry of the Interior under the July Monarchy.
He was a pupil at St Mary's College in Crosby with Laurie Taylor, future sociologist and criminologist, before going on to study French and Geography at the University of Hull at a time when Philip Larkin was the librarian there, and with whom he corresponded about poetry: " McGough didn't seek counsel from Larkin, but at the age of 21, after completing his degree and teaching diploma, he did send him some poems.
Jean Charles Emmanuel Nodier ( April 29, 1780, Besançon – January 27, 1844, Paris ), was a French author who introduced a younger generation of Romanticists to the conte fantastique, gothic literature, vampire tales, and the importance of dreams as part of literary creation, and whose career as a librarian is often underestimated by literary historians.
Ponsard accepted the Second French Empire with no very great enthusiasm, and was given the post of librarian to the senate ; however, he soon resigned, and fought a bloodless duel with a journalist on the subject.
He was elected to the French Academy in 1862, and in 1868 he was made librarian of Fontainebleau palace, where he had to reside for a month or two in each year.
French and Jean-Baptiste
* 1671 – Jean-Baptiste Rousseau, French poet ( d. 1741 )
* 1768 – Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal ( d. 1813 )
* 1744 – Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, French scientist ( d. 1829 )
* 1725 – Jean-Baptiste Greuze, French painter ( d. 1805 )
* 1619 – Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French politician ( d. 1683 )
* 1773 – Jean-Baptiste de Villèle, French statesman ( d. 1854 )
* 1774 – Jean-Baptiste Biot, French physicist ( d. 1862 )
* 1719 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French saint ( b. 1651 )
The French mathematician and astronomer Jean-Baptiste Morin observed Arcturus in the daytime with a telescope ( a first for any star other than the sun ) in 1635, and has been seen at or just before sunset with the naked eye.
* 1990 – Jean-Baptiste Maunier, French actor and singer
Two French trumpet technique books, authored by Jean-Baptiste Arban, and St. Jacome, were translated into English for use by American players.
* 1583 – Jean-Baptiste Morin, French scientist ( d. 1656 )
* 1680 – Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, French colonizer and Governor of Louisiana ( d. 1767 )
* 1677 – Jean-Baptiste Morin, French composer ( d. 1745 )
* The French Marquise de Créquy wrote in her book " Souvenirs ", that the tune Grand Dieu Sauve Le Roi, was written by Jean-Baptiste Lully in gratitude for the survival by Louis XIV of an anal fistula operation.
But, the recently appointed French Secretary of State, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, was trying to promote farming in the colony and was opposed to exploration and trapping.
He invited Jean-Baptiste Lully to establish the French opera, and a tumultuous friendship was established between Lully and playwright and actor Molière.
* 1714 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor ( d. 1785 )
* 1704 – Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d ' Argens, French writer ( d. 1771 )
* 1725 – Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, French nobleman and soldier ( d. 1807 )
* 1790 – Jean-Baptiste L. Romé de l ' Isle, French chemist ( b. 1736 )
* 1867 – Jean-Baptiste Charcot, French scientist and medical doctor ( d. 1936 )
Jean-Paul Sartre was born in Paris as the only child of Jean-Baptiste Sartre, an officer of the French Navy, and Anne-Marie Schweitzer.
A French map produced in 1712 ( currently in the Canadian Museum of Civilization ), created by military engineer Jean-Baptiste de Couagne, identified Lake Ontario as " Lac Frontenac ".
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