For a psychoanalytical definition, as early as Freud psychotherapists have turned to the ancient Greek philosophy's " overturning of mythology " as a definition to understanding of the heightened aesthetic.

This stage is followed by Freud ’ s hypothesis from Totem and Taboo that human culture is bound up in an ancient Oedipal drama of brothers banding together to kill their father, and then creating a culture of rules to mediate ambivalent instinctual desires.

A tradition of collecting objets-orientalle ( also Mediterranean ( Roman and Greek ) passed from Jean-Martin Charcot to Sigmund Freud.

Freud, himself, referred to these slips as Fehlleistungen ( meaning " faulty actions ", " faulty functions " or " misperformances " in German ); the Greek term parapraxes ( plural of " parapraxis ", from the Greek παρά and πρᾶξις, meaning " another action " in English ) was the creation of his English translator, as is the form " symptomatic action ".

Freud proceeded to layer Greek myth onto the Darwinian ethology of the herd and the polygamous dominant male, challenged by its male offspring, a position challenged by anthropologists, but which became influential in 20th-century culture.

So, the influence of Greek literature exceeded literature proper and also hit, for instance, philosophy ( like in the thought of Søren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche ) and psychology ( like in the theories of Sigmund Freud ).

Initially, Dr. Freud applied the Oedipus complex to the development of boys and girls alike ; he then developed the female aspect of phallic-stage psychosexual development as the feminine Oedipus attitude and the negative Oedipus complex ; but his student – collaborator Carl Jung proposed the “ Electra complex ”, derived from Greek mythologic character Electra, who plotted matricidal revenge against her mother for the murder of her father, to describe a girl ’ s psychosexual competition with her mother for possession of her father.

Zuleta was also known as a well-respected scholar of philosophy specializing in Greek philosophers, Hegel, Marx, Heidegger, Sartre, and Freud, among others.

His audience included Edward, Prince of Wales, King Leopold II of the Belgians and Sigmund Freud.

Hardy's politics are not always popular with the Radio 4 audience-in an appearance on Just A Minute in 2000 he earned boos from the audience and a reprimand from a fellow panelist, the former Liberal MP Sir Clement Freud, when Hardy responded to the subject ' Parasites ' by talking about the Royal Family.

For some compulsive reason which would have fascinated Dr. Freud, Communists of all shapes and sizes almost invariably impute to others the very motives which they harbor themselves.

Influenced by psychoanalytic psychologists including Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, these authors sought to understand the way that individual personalities were shaped by the wider cultural and social forces in which they grew up.

The rise of cultural anthropology occurred within the context of the late 19th century, when questions regarding which cultures were " primitive " and which were " civilized " occupied the minds of not only Marx and Freud, but many others.

Freud pointed out that " as a rule the ego carries out repressions in the service and at the behest of its superego ; but this is a case in which it has turned the same weapon against its harsh taskmaster.

In 1895 Sigmund Freud and Joseph Breuer published a seminal clinical text entitled Studies in Hysteria ( 1895 ) which promoted a new approach to psychotherapy.

Building on the work of Karl Abraham, Freud developed the idea of a series of developmental phases in which the libido fixates on different erogenous zones — first in the oral stage ( exemplified by an infant's pleasure in nursing ), then in the anal stage ( exemplified by a toddler's pleasure in controlling his or her bowels ), then in the phallic stage, through a latency stage in which the libido is dormant, to its reemergence at puberty in the genital stage.

The thinking of Marx and Freud provided a point of departure for questioning the notion of a unitary, autonomous Subject, which for many thinkers in the Continental tradition is seen as the foundation of the liberal theory of the social contract.

The Cartesian Other was also used by Sigmund Freud, who saw the superego as an abstract regulatory force, and Émile Durkheim who viewed this as a psychologically manifested entity which represented God in society at large.

Freud considered that in a neurotic ' the omnipotence which he ascribed to his thoughts and feelings ... is a frank acknowledgement of a relic of the old megalomania of infancy '.

Freud cautioned that Steinach's operations would not necessarily make possible a therapy that could be generally applied, arguing that such transplant procedures would be effective in changing homosexuality in men only in cases in which it was strongly associated with physical characteristics typical of women, and that probably no similar therapy could be applied to lesbianism.

Freud ‘ s main discussion of female homosexuality was the 1920 paper “ The Psychogenesis of a Case of Homosexuality in a Woman “, which described his analysis of a young woman who had entered therapy because her parents were concerned that she was a lesbian.

In Freud ‘ s view, the prognosis was unfavourable because of the circumstances under which she entered therapy, and because homosexuality was not an illness or neurotic conflict.

In 1951, the mother who wrote to Freud asking him to treat her son sent Freud's response to the American Journal of Psychiatry, in which it was published.

He preferred the term inversion to homosexuality, and developed concepts such as autoerotism and narcissism, which were later adopted by Sigmund Freud.

And in 1917 the Woolfs founded their Hogarth Press, which would publish T. S. Eliot, Katherine Mansfield, and many others including Virginia herself along with the standard English translations of Freud.

" In 1906, he published Studies in Word Association and later sent a copy of this book to Sigmund Freud, after which a close friendship between these two men followed for some six years ( see section on Relationship with Freud ).

Six months later, the then 50-year-old Freud sent a collection of his latest published essays to Jung in Zurich, which marked the beginning of an intense correspondence and collaboration that lasted six years and ended in May 1913.

His Seven Sermons to the Dead ( 1917 ), reprinted in his autobiography Memories, Dreams, Reflections ( see bibliography ), can also be read as expression of the psychological conflicts which beset Jung around the age of forty after the break with Freud.

These are objects that can be evacuated or used for a kind of thinking that depends on manipulation of what are felt to be things in themselves as if to substitute such manipulations for words or ideas ... Alpha-function transforms sense impressions into alpha-elements which resemble, and may in fact be identical with, the visual images with which we are familiar in dreams, namely, the elements that Freud regards as yielding their latent content when the analyst has interpreted them.

" Janet Malcolm interviewed Masson at length when writing her long New Yorker article on this controversy, which she later expanded into In the Freud Archives, a book that also dealt with Eissler and Peter Swales.

It was through his association with the surgeon Wilfred Trotter that Jones first heard of Freud ’ s work.

It is most probable that Freud and the Oedipus complex never entered his head in the writing of this story.

Several Freud scholars have disputed the traditional story that Freud's seduction theory patients reported having been sexually abused in early childhood, the basis on which Masson built his case.

Plot developments in this segment are: the father's decline following the death of his wife ; the family's relationships with the prostitutes and the radicals ; John and Franny falling in love with each other ; John's relationship with a communist who commits suicide ; Franny's sexual relationships with Susie and with the " quarterback " of the radicals, Ernst ; Lilly developing as a writer and penning the story of the family ; and the radicals ' plot to blow up the opera house, using Freud and the family as hostages, which Freud and Win foil.

* Transcript of Jeffrey Masson, editor of The Complete Letters of Sigmund Freud to Wilhelm Fliess, 1887-1904, telling Robyn Williams the story of Emma Eckstein's surgery on ABC Radio National ( second broadcast 3 June 2006 )

This theme is explored in the story Tupik by French writer Michel Tournier in his collection of stories entitled Le Coq de Bruyère ( 1978 ) and is a phenomenon Freud documents several times.

The story of Oedipus significantly influenced Kain's development in later games ( in a Sophocles | Sophoclean rather than Sigmund Freud | Freudian sense ).

( Both Riviere and Freud center their texts on the Oedipal story ( see Oedipus and Oedipus complex, a classic example of the incest taboo.

The story of her relationship with Sigmund Freud, including assisting his family's escape into exile, was made into a movie, released in 2004.

A highly perfunctory going-through-the-paces: the rhyme has no meaning within the story ; the plot ( drugs smuggled in imported haversacks ) is unlikely in the extreme ; and the attempt to widen the range of character types ( Africans, Indians, students of Freud etc.

Here, we are told, ' We need to go beyond the pleasure principle, the reality principle, and repetition compulsion to ... the fantasy principle ' - ' not, as Freud did, reduce fantasies to wishes ... consider all other imaginable emotions '; and thus envisage emotional fantasies as a possible means of moving beyond stereotypes to more nuanced forms of personal and social relating.

Freud therefore told the parents only that he was prepared to study their daughter to determine what effects therapy might have.

In the letter Zweig told Freud: " I personally owe to your psychological therapy the restoration of my whole personality, the discovery that I was suffering from a neurosis and finally the curing of this neurosis by your method of treatment.

Freud asked why Churchill was given the best room in the hotel and was told it was because Churchill was a grandson of Britain's most illustrious Prime Minister.

She was ultimately institutionalized: " Breuer told Freud that she was deranged ; he hoped she would die to end her suffering ".

Freud told Jung that all her old symptoms returned after he had given up the case.