Ptolemy XII's personal cult name ( Neos Dionysos ) earned him the ridiculing sobriquet Auletes ( flute player ) — as we learn from Strabo's writing ( Strabo XVII, 1, 11 ):

This would comport with the account by Strabo, who reports Ptolemy XII to have had only three daughters ; we can reliably identify Berenice IV, Cleopatra VII, and Arsinoe IV as the king's daughters, so that there would not be left any room for a Cleopatra VI.

It is much more strange that we find the name of Himera reappear both in Mela and Pliny, though we know from the distinct statements of Cicero and Strabo, as well as Diodorus, that it had ceased to exist centuries before.

) This is the last occasion on which we find their name in history ; all trace of the distinction between them and the other Samnites seems to have been subsequently lost, and their name is not even mentioned by Strabo or Pliny.

It sufficiently appears, from Thucydides, Strabo, and Pausanias, that Crommyon itself was not far from the Scironides, which, as we have already seen, were the boundary of the Megaris.

Strabo and Pliny both notice it among the inland towns of Campania ; and though we learn from the Liber de Coloniis, that Vespasian settled a number of his freedmen and dependants there, yet it appears, both from that treatise and from Pliny, that it had not then attained the rank of a colony, a dignity which we find it enjoying in the time of Trajan.

Strabo ( 7. 3. 6 ) thinks that the Black Sea was called " inhospitable " before Greek colonization because it was difficult to navigate, and because its shores were inhabited by savage tribes.

There is no substantiated written reference for Myra before it was listed as a member of the Lycian alliance ( 168 BC – AD 43 ); according to Strabo ( 14: 665 ) it was one of the largest towns of the alliance.

Herodotus, some five centuries before Strabo, supplied further information about Rhodopis in his Histories, writing that Rhodopis came from Thrace, and was the slave of Iadmon of Samos, and a fellow-slave of Aesop.

Strabo believes that this amphictyony existed before the time of Acrisius, and that he was only the first who regulated the affairs of the amphictyons, fixed the towns which were to take part in the council, gave to each its vote, and settled the jurisdiction of the amphictyons.

If this is the case, it would make Gargarei virtually equivalent to the Georgian term Dzurdzuk ( referring to the lake Durdukka in the South Caucasus, where they are thought to have migrated from, as noted by Strabo, before intermixing with the local population ) which applied to a Nakh people who migrated North across the mountains to settle in modern Ingushetia.

Peñuela quotes Strabo to show that some time then elapsed before the founding of Carthage: “ Carthage was not founded immediately.

Arsaces, the chieftain of the nomadic ( Dahae ) tribe of the Parni, fled before him into Parthia and there defeated and killed Andragoras, the former satrap and self-proclaimed king of Parthia, and became the founder of the Parthian Empire ( Strabo l. c .).

The Lugian federation was probably formed long before it was first recorded, in the works of Strabo ( Geographica ).

A distinct Lydian culture lasted, in all probability, until at least shortly before the Common Era, having been attested the last time among extant records by Strabo in Kibyra in south-west Anatolia around his time ( 1st century BC ).

The Eburones ( Greek:, Strabo ), were a Belgic people who lived in the northeast of Gaul, near the river Meuse and the modern provinces of Belgian and Dutch Limburg, in the period immediately before it was conquered by Rome.

Strabo also adopts the same view of the subject, as he represents Megara as founded about the same time with Naxos ( 735 BC ), and before Syracuse.

When the war between Sulla and Marius started, Strabo stood for the consulship, although he needed to be a praetor before.

Even before the Roman Period, Cyprus was known for its olive oil, as indicated by Strabo when he said that “ in fertility Cyprus is not inferior to any one of the islands, for it produces both good wine and good oil .”

Perhaps Strabo was relying on an earlier account, which depicts Alsace before Ariovistus, and yet he knew of the defeat of Varus.

* there was a bridge before 334 BC because, as per Strabo, on the one side Ephorus wrote that the strait is so narrow that it was spanned by a bridge only two plethra long ( IX. 2. 2 ), and on the other side the people of Chalkis built towers, doors and high walls at the bridgehead the year Alexander the Great passed over to Asia ( X. 1. 8 ).

According to Suetonius, Claudius sailed from Boulogne, and it is usually assumed that the main force under Plautius sailed from the same place, but it is possible that Plautius's forces sailed from the mouth of the Rhine, which Strabo names as a point of departure used for crossings to Britain in the early 1st century ; ships commonly sailed along the coast of Belgic Gaul to the territory of the Morini, before taking a relatively short open-sea crossing to Britain.

According to the " travels of Hercules " theme, also documented by Diodorus Siculus and Strabo, both Greeks and native Ligurian people asserted that Hercules passed through the area.

* Greek geographer Strabo publishes Geography, a work covering the world known to the Romans and Greeks at the time of Emperor Augustus – it is the only such book to survive from the ancient world.

" They were called Maurisi by the Greeks ", wrote Strabo, " and Mauri by the Romans.

< p > Strabo ... enters largely, in the Second Book of his Geography, into the opinions of Eratosthenes and other Greeks on one of the most difficult problems in geology, viz., by what causes marine shells came to be plentifully buried in the earth at such great elevations and distances from the sea .</ p >

Near the eastern shore of the island of Gades / Gadeira ( modern Cádiz, just beyond the strait ) Strabo describes the westernmost temple of Tyrian Heracles, the god with whom Greeks associated the Phoenician and Punic Melqart, by interpretatio graeca.

At the end of the 8th century BC the island was colonised by Greeks from Samos, from which the name Samos of Thrace, that later became Samothrace ; although Strabo denies this.

He is one of the few Bactrian kings mentioned by Greek authors, among them Apollodorus of Artemita, quoted by Strabo, who claims that the Greeks from Bactria were even greater conquerors than Alexander the Great, and that Menander was one of the two Bactrian kings, with Demetrius, who extended their power farthest into India:

Noteworthy in the Roman period were Strabo, a writer on geography ; Plutarch, the father of biography, whose Parallel Lives of famous Greeks and Romans is a chief source of information about great figures of antiquity ; Pausanias, a travel writer ; and Lucian, a satirist.

It is possibly derived from the name of the Celtic tribe which was known to the Romans as Volcae ( in the writings of Julius Caesar ) and to the Greeks as Ouólkai ( Strabo and Ptolemy ).

Ancient Greeks ( Strabo, Herodotus, Plutarch, Homer, etc.

To the south, the Greeks may have occupied the areas of the Sindh and Gujarat, including the strategic harbour of Barygaza ( Bharuch ), conquests also attested by coins dating from the Indo-Greek ruler Apollodotus I and by several ancient writers ( Strabo 11 ; Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Chap.

Seleucus is known from the writings of Plutarch, Aetius, and Strabo, all of whom were Greeks, and the Persian Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi.

According to the Greek historian Strabo, the Greeks " extended their empire even as far as the Seres and the Phryni " ( Strabo XI. II. I ), possibly leading to the first known contacts between China and the West around 200 BCE.

Walh is almost certainly derived from the name of the tribe which was known to the Romans as Volcae ( in the writings of Julius Caesar ) and to the Greeks as Ouólkai ( Strabo and Ptolemy ).

According to Strabo, Ionic is the same as Attic and Aeolic the same as Doric-Outside the Isthmus, all Greeks were Aeolians except the Athenians, the Megarians and the Dorians who live about Parnassus-In the Peloponnese, Achaeans were also Aeolians but only Eleans and Arcadians continued to speak Aeolic.

Strabo ( 7. 2. 1, 4 and 7. 3. 1 ) states that the Cimbri still live on the peninsula ( Jutland ) where they always did, even though some of them liked to wander.

According to Strabo, writing two centuries after the events, rather than being destroyed by the Romans like their Celtic neighbours, " the Boii were merely driven out of the regions they occupied ; and after migrating to the regions round about the Ister, lived with the Taurisci, and carried on war against the Daci until they perished, tribe and all — and thus they left their country, which was a part of Illyria, to their neighbours as a pasture-ground for sheep.

The classicist Roger Bagnall estimated that there was one bureaucrat for every 5 – 10, 000 people in Egypt based on 400 or 800 bureaucrats for 4 million inhabitants ( no one knows the population of the province in 300 AD ; Strabo 300 years earlier put it at 7. 5 million, excluding Alexandria ).

There is reference on a Greek papyrus from 163 BCE to the procedure being conducted on girls in Memphis, the ancient Egyptian capital, and Strabo ( c. 64 BCE – c. 23 CE ), the Greek geographer, reported it when he visited Egypt in 25 BCE.

Strabo, writing late in Augustus's reign, claims that taxes on trade brought in more annual revenue than any conquest could.

Strabo states that the Lombards dwelt on both sides of the Elbe.

* Labyrinth of Egypt Archaeological site reconstruction and 3D diagrams based on the writings of Herodotus and Strabo.

The last link is supplied by Strabo, who says that an emporium on the island of Corbulo in the mouth of the Loire was associated with the Britain of Pytheas by Polybius.

Strabo wants to discredit Pytheas on the grounds that 40000 stadia is outrageously high and cannot be real.

Strabo uses the degrees, based on Hipparchus.

Hipparchus, relying on the authority of Pytheas ( says Strabo ), states that the ratio is the same as for Byzantium and that the two therefore are on the same parallel.

Strabo gives it as 24 °, which may be based on a previous tangent of Pytheas, but he does not say.

Hipparchus, through Strabo, adds that Byzantium and the mouth of the Borysthenes, today's Dnepr river, were on the same meridian and were separated by 3700 stadia, 5. 3 ° at Strabo's 700 stadia per a degree of meridian arc.

Hipparchus, relying on Pytheas, according to Strabo, places this area south of Britain, but he, Strabo, calculates that it is north of Ierne.

Strabo, based on theory alone, states that Ierne is so cold that any lands north of it must be uninhabited.

In the hindsight given to moderns Pytheas, in relying on observation in the field, appears more scientific than Strabo, who discounted the findings of others merely because of their to him strangeness.

Still, some of the Celtic lands were on the channel and were visible from it, which Pytheas should have mentioned but Strabo implies he did not.

In fact, observations made by Polybius, in conjunction with passages from Strabo and Scylax, allowed the discovery of the location of the lost city of Kydonia on Crete.

According to Strabo ( 1. 1. 9 ), Seleucus was the first to state that the tides are due to the attraction of the Moon, and that the height of the tides depends on the Moon's position relative to the Sun.

* Strabo publishes his book on the shape of the Earth.

The major source of materials on the Celts of Gaul was Poseidonios of Apamea, whose writings were quoted by Timagenes, Julius Caesar, the Sicilian Greek Diodorus Siculus, and the Greek geographer Strabo.

Observations on tides were recorded by Aristotle and Strabo.