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Fundamentally, an atomic orbital is a one-electron wave function, even though most electrons do not exist in one-electron atoms, and so the one-electron view is an approximation.
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Fundamentally and is
* Resolution versus range: Fundamentally resolution is the granularity ( or number of levels ) with which a performance feature of the display is divided.
Fundamentally, a pidgin is a simplified means of linguistic communication, as it is constructed impromptu, or by convention, between individuals or groups of people.
Fundamentally, CRI is a mini-Collision / Reaction Cell ( mCRC ) destroying ICP-MS interferences using a collisional Kinetic Energy Discrimination ( KED ) phenomenon and chemical reactions with interfering ions similarly to traditionally used larger Collision Cells.
United Nations: Fundamentally, poverty is a denial of choices and opportunities, a violation of human dignity.
Fundamentally, analytical bibliography is concerned with objective, physical analysis and history of a book while descriptive bibliography employs all data that analytical bibliography furnishes and then codifies it with a view to identifying the ideal copy or form of a book that most nearly represents the printer ’ s initial conception and intention in printing.
: 本來無一物 ， Fundamentally there is not a single thing —
Fundamentally, the key concept behind the idea of de Sitter space is that it involves a variation on the spacetime of general relativity in which spacetime is itself slightly curved even in the absence of matter or energy.
Fundamentally, all that is known of this Erichthonius comes from Homer, who says ( Samuel Butler's translation of Iliad 20. 215-234 ):
Fundamentally, the budget resolution is structured along 20 budget functions, or categories of spending.
Fundamentally they believe that there is enough matter and energy on the Earth to provide for the ever-rising population of the world.
Fundamentally, Judaism believes that God, as the creator of time, space, energy and matter, is beyond them, and cannot be born or die, or literally have a son.
" Fundamentally ," he said, " the budget process is about public policy and not about personality and it is important that we stay committed to having an outcome that ensures we have a budget that reflects the values of the people of San Francisco.
Fundamentally, this doctrine is the Sanatana Dharma – the " eternal religion " – of Hindu Neo-Vedantins.
Fundamentally, Maritain is a metaphysician who defended philosophy as a science against those who would degrade it.
Fundamentally, a personality test is expected to demonstrate reliability and validity.
Fundamentally Buckie itself is the central part of the community lying between the Victoria Bridge under which flows the Buckie Burn at the western end of West Church Street, the eastern end of Cluny Harbour and above the shore area.
Fundamentally, a cost-benefit approach is an effective way to determine whether a seawall is appropriate or not and if the negative effects are worth the protection of threatened property.
Fundamentally, the Cobalt Flux dance platform is similar to most dance pad designs.
Fundamentally and even
Fundamentally, Dominic was "... a man of prayer who utilized the full resources of the learning available to him to preach, to teach, and even materially to assist those searching for the truth found in the gospel of Christ.
Fundamentally and electrons
Fundamentally, redox reactions are a family of reactions that are concerned with the transfer of electrons between species.
Fundamentally and do
Fundamentally, statements that are literally true cannot provide the basis for a perjury charge ( as they do not meet the falsehood requirement ) just as answers to truly ambiguous statements cannot constitute perjury.
Fundamentally, convolutional codes do not offer more protection against noise than an equivalent block code.
Fundamentally and so
Fundamentally, the Bray fault dates from the late Carboniferous and early Permian but the effect in France and England, of its associated earth movements, has quietly continued so as to gently fold the overlying Jurassic and Cretaceous strata.
Fundamentally and .
Fundamentally, both these types, the amateur and the collector, are uncritical and many of them don't distinguish well between real folklore and bogus material.
" Fundamentally deprogramming denies choice and creates dependency.
Fundamentally, Marx assumed that human history involves transforming human nature, which encompasses both human beings and material objects.
Fundamentally, historians remain dissatisfied with the grouping as " Puritan " as a working concept for historical explanation.
Fundamentally, the viscoelasticity can be related to the motions of flexible polymer molecules and their entanglements and network junctions — the molecular basis of viscoelasticity.
The results of this research were presented to a wide circle in March 1944 by Theodor Zobel at the " Deutsche Akademie der Luftfahrtforschung " ( German Academy of Aeronautics Research ) in the lecture " Fundamentally new ways to increase performance of high speed aircraft.
Fundamentally, the newscast schedules on Fox stations vary significantly from station to station compared to affiliates of ABC, CBS and NBC, which typically carry a minimum of 3½ hours of news programming daily in morning, late afternoon and late evening dayparts.
Fundamentally, empirical validation requires rigorous communication of hypothesis ( usually expressed in mathematics ), experimental constraints and controls ( expressed necessarily in terms of standard experimental apparatus ), and a common understanding of measurement.
Fundamentally, however, observational studies are not experiments.
Fundamentally, the Pharisees continued a form of Judaism that extended beyond the Temple, applying Jewish law to mundane activities in order to sanctify the every-day world.
Fundamentally, all scientific laws follow from physics, laws which occur in other sciences ultimately follow from physical laws.
Fundamentally, there are three ways to divide four suits into pairs: by color, by rank and by shape resulting in six possible suit combinations.
Fundamentally, there are three ways to divide four suits into pairs: by color, by rank and by shape resulting in six possible suit combinations.
Fundamentally, all electronic devices used to provide power gain ( e. g. vacuum tubes, bipolar transistors, MOS transistors ) are nonlinear.
atomic and orbital
Thus, the planetary model of the atom was discarded in favor of one that described atomic orbital zones around the nucleus where a given electron is most likely to be observed.
As far as atoms and their electron shells were concerned, not only did this yield a better overall description, i. e. the atomic orbital model, but it also provided a new theoretical basis for chemistry
An atomic orbital is a mathematical function that describes the wave-like behavior of either one electron or a pair of electrons in an atom.
Atomic orbitals are the basic building blocks of the atomic orbital model ( alternatively known as the electron cloud or wave mechanics model ), a modern framework for visualizing the microscopic behavior of electrons in matter.
The atomic orbital concept is therefore a key concept for visualizing the excitation process associated with a given transition.
Although hydrogen-like orbitals are still used as pedagogical tools, the advent of computers has made STOs preferable for atoms and diatomic molecules since combinations of STOs can replace the nodes in hydrogen-like atomic orbital.
A given ( hydrogen-like ) atomic orbital is identified by unique values of three quantum numbers: n, l, and m < sub > l </ sub >.
See Linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method.
The final atomic state thus has two holes, one in the 2s orbital and the other in the 2p orbital.
This work culminated in the solar-system-like ( but quantum-limited ) Bohr model of the atom in the same year, in which a nucleus containing an atomic number of positive charge is surrounded by an equal number of electrons in orbital shells.
In this type of bond, the outer atomic orbital of one atom has a vacancy which allows addition of one or more electrons.
More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory which includes orbital hybridization and resonance, and the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method which includes ligand field theory.
In 1929, the linear combination of atomic orbitals molecular orbital method ( LCAO ) approximation was introduced by Sir John Lennard-Jones, who also suggested methods to derive electronic structures of molecules of F < sub > 2 </ sub > ( fluorine ) and O < sub > 2 </ sub > ( oxygen ) molecules, from basic quantum principles.
This molecular orbital theory represented a covalent bond as an orbital formed by combining the quantum mechanical Schrödinger atomic orbitals which had been hypothesized for electrons in single atoms.
If we take the simple molecular orbital description of the ground state and combine that function with the functions describing all possible excited states using unoccupied orbitals arising from the same set of atomic orbitals, we also reach the full configuration interaction wavefunction.
In the early 1950s, the first semi-empirical atomic orbital calculations were carried out.
The solution of the Schrödinger equation goes much further than the Bohr model, because it also yields the shape of the electron's wave function (" orbital ") for the various possible quantum-mechanical states, thus explaining the anisotropic character of atomic bonds.
However, other factors ( such as atomic radius, nuclear charge, number of bonding orbitals, overlap of orbital energies, and crystal form ) are involved as well.
Efficiency of atomic orbital interactions is determined from the overlap ( a measure of how well two orbitals constructively interact with one another ) between two atomic orbitals, which is significant if the atomic orbitals are close in energy.
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