Paired DNA and RNA molecules are comparatively stable at room temperature but the two nucleotide strands will separate above a melting point that is determined by the length of the molecules, the extent of mispairing ( if any ), and the GC content.

Higher GC content results in higher melting temperatures ; it is, therefore, unsurprising that the genomes of extremophile organisms such as Thermus thermophilus are particularly GC-rich.

For example, silent mutations that do not change the corresponding amino acid sequence of a gene may change the frequency of guanine-cytosine base pairs ( GC content ).

These base pairs have a higher thermal stability ( melting point, see also DNA-DNA hybridization ) than adenine-thymine, a property that might convey, among organisms living in high-temperature environments, a selective advantage on variants enriched in GC content.

He proposed that the variation in GC content was not the result of positive selection, but a consequence of the GC mutational pressure.

For example, in the human genome, which has a 42 % GC content, a pair of nucleotides consisting of cytosine followed by guanine would be expected to occur 0. 21 * 0. 21 = 4. 41 % of the time.

Based on an extensive search on the complete sequences of human chromosomes 21 and 22, DNA regions greater than 500 bp were found more likely to be the " true " CpG islands associated with the 5 ' regions of genes if they had a GC content greater than 55 %, and an observed-to-expected CpG ratio of 65 %.

The GC content is 46 %.

The hepatitis D circular genome is unique to animal viruses because of its high GC nucleotide content.

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Early research into hyperthermophiles speculated that there genome could be characterized by high guanine-cytosine content ; however, recent studies show that " there is no obvious correlation between the GC content of the genome and the optimal environmental growth temperature of the organism.

Professionals working with GC analyze the content of a chemical product, for example in assuring the quality of products in the chemical industry ; or measuring toxic substances in soil, air or water.

The Xbox version rated slightly better than the other two versions, because of its added exclusive content as well as the exclusive bonuses from the PS2 and GC versions.

There are six recognised Ureaplasma species, They have a GC content of 27 – 30 %, and a genome size ranging between 0. 76 – 1. 17 Mbp, and cholesterol is required for growth.

Despite this high GC content its codon use is similar to that of its human host.

The GC content is high ( 80 %) and distinct TATA and CCAAT motifs are lacking.

As with the other Actinobacteria, streptomycetes are Gram-positive, and have genomes with high GC content.

Due to the robustness endowed to the genetic materials in high GC organisms, it was commonly believed that the GC content played a vital part in adaptation temperatures, a hypothesis that has recently been refuted.

However, the same study showed a strong correlation between higher temperatures and the GC content of structured RNAs ( such as ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, and many other non-coding RNAs ); GC base pairs are more stable than AU base pairs, due to the fact that GC bonds have 3 hydrogen bonds and AU only has 2 hydrogen bonds, which makes high-GC-content RNA structures more tolerant of high temperatures.

Critically, the temperature at which melting occurs depends on the sequence ( GC basepairs are more stable then AT due to stacking interactions, not, as commonly thought, due to the difference in hydrogen bonds ( there are three hydrogen bonds between a cytosine and guanine base pair, but only two between adenine and thymine )), so TGGE provides a " sequence dependent, size independent method " for separating DNA molecules.

Different factors have been proposed to be related to codon usage bias, including gene expression level ( reflecting selection for optimizing translation process by tRNA abundance ), % G + C composition ( reflecting horizontal gene transfer or mutational bias ), GC skew ( reflecting strand-specific mutational bias ), amino acid conservation, protein hydropathy, transcriptional selection, RNA stability, optimal growth temperature and hypersaline adaptation.

The column ( s ) in a GC are contained in an oven, the temperature of which is precisely controlled electronically.

Various temperature programs can be used to make the readings more meaningful ; for example to differentiate between substances that behave similarly during the GC process.

More recently, the first large-scale systematic gene-centric association analysis demonstrated the correlation between GC content and temperature for certain genomic regions while not for others.

According to the GC III, a captured soldier must be treated as a lawful combatant and, therefore, as a protected person with prisoner-of-war status until facing a competent tribunal ( GC III Art 5 ).

At that juncture, the mercenary soldier becomes an unlawful combatant but still must be " treated with humanity and, in case of trial, shall not be deprived of the rights of fair and regular trial ", being still covered by GC IV Art 5.

At that point they become an unlawful combatant but they must still be " treated with humanity and, in case of trial, shall not be deprived of the rights of fair and regular trial ", because they are still covered by GC IV Art 5.

In fact, a typical GC analysis takes much more time ; sometimes a single sample must be run more than an hour according to the chosen program ; and even more time is needed to " heat out " the column so it is free from the first sample and can be used for the next.

At that point they become an unlawful combatant but they must still be " treated with humanity and, in case of trial, shall not be deprived of the rights of fair and regular trial ", because they are still covered by GC IV Art 5.

For example, the Infrastructure Master role must not be housed on a domain controller which also houses a copy of the global catalog in a multi-domain forest ( unless all domain controllers in the domain are also global catalog servers ), while the Domain Naming Master role should be housed on a DC which is also a GC.

Reflexive anaphors must obey binding condition A, which states that " a reflexive pronoun must be bound within the smallest category containing it, its selecting head and a subject (= its governing category, or GC )".

Gas chromatography ( GC ), also sometimes known as Gas-Liquid chromatography, ( GLC ), is a separation technique in which the mobile phase is a gas.

That is: in a non-deterministic GC system, if a resource or a resource like object requires manual resource management ( release / close ), and this object is used as ' part of ' another object, then the composed object will also become a resource like object that itself requires manual resource management ( release / close ).

It also allows for effective management of non-memory resources such as operating system objects, which are often much scarcer than memory ( tracing GC systems use finalizers for this, but the delayed reclamation may cause problems ).

Many Bollywood films also use GC as a filming location, such as Singh Is King.

License plates in the province used to start with " GC ", which referred to the island of Gran Canaria, although the same plates were also issued in Lanzarote and Fuerteventura.

During descent, the GC / MS also analyzed pyrolysis products ( i. e., samples altered by heating ) passed to it from the Aerosol Collector Pyrolyser.

The George Cross ( GC ) is the highest civil decoration of the United Kingdom, and also holds, or has held, that status in many of the other countries of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Recognising his military service as a whole, the British later also conferred on Albert-Marie Guérisse, GC, an honorary knighthood ( KBE ).

Guanylate cyclase (, also known as guanylyl cyclase, guanyl cyclase or GC ) is a lyase enzyme.

Typical uses of GC include testing the purity of a particular substance, or separating the different components of a mixture ( the relative amounts of such components can also be determined ).

Depending on the detector ( s ) ( see below ) installed on the GC, there may be a number of detector conditions that can also be varied.

The recruits of army, navy and airforce are also called Gentleman Cadet ( GC ). There are 12 cadet colleges in Bangladesh, 9 for men and 3 for women.

Organic compounds are commonly measured also using mass spectrometric methods, such as Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC / MS ) and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry ( LC / MS ).

* 32 French Freud 1 / 22 / 69 ( GC )-A crooked Russian actress, Melody Marcuri, and her " maid " ( i. e. husband in drag also a psychiatrist ) are trying to kill the Inspector to get at the Du Barry diamond, which he is guarding under his hat.

Goshen College, ( also known as Goshen or GC ) is a private Mennonite liberal arts college in Goshen, Indiana, in the United States.

Computers can also simultaneously correlate more data ( such as the retention times identified by GC ), to more accurately relate certain data.

Market participants can also trade Repos with Austrian Government Bonds and Treasury Bonds of the European Investment Bank as securities The German GC Basket comprises all German government bonds and bonds issued by the privatization agency ( Treuhandanstalt ).

GC also offers advanced degree programs at its Center for Graduate and Professional Learning in the Thomas Jefferson Building in downtown Macon.

In addition to IC systems, some of these CDSs can also control gas chromatography ( GC ) and HPLC

* FM Archduke Friedrich of Austria-Hungary ( 1856 – 1936 ), GC / 1st Class ( also held the Ord of the Black Eagle from 10 / 22 / 1892 ) – invested ca.