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Gelli was expelled from GOI freemasonry on October 31, 1981, and the P2 scandal provoked the fall of Arnaldo Forlani's cabinet in June 1981
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Gelli and was
Guido Gelli, director of science at the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics ( IBGE ), told the Brazilian TV network Globo in June 2007 that it could be considered as a fact that the Amazon was the longest river in the world.
According to Mannoia the killer was Francesco Di Carlo, a mafioso living in London at the time, and the order to kill Calvi had come from Mafia boss Giuseppe Calò and Licio Gelli.
On 19 July 2005, Licio Gelli, the grand master of the Propaganda Due or P2 masonic lodge, received a notification – required by Italian law – informing him that he was formally under investigation on charges of ordering the murder of Calvi along with Giuseppe Calò, Ernesto Diotallevi, Flavio Carboni and Carboni's Austrian ex-girlfriend, Manuela Kleinszig.
Gelli was accused of having provoked Calvi's death in order to punish him for embezzling money from Banco Ambrosiano that was owed to him and the Mafia.
Gelli denied he was involved but has acknowledged that the financier was murdered.
During the years that the lodge was headed by Licio Gelli, P2 was implicated in numerous Italian crimes and mysteries, including the collapse of the Vatican-affiliated Banco Ambrosiano, the murders of journalist Mino Pecorelli and banker Roberto Calvi, and corruption cases within the nationwide bribe scandal Tangentopoli.
Gelli took a list of " sleeping members "— members who were not invited to take part in masonic rituals anymore, as Italian freemasonry was under close scrutiny by the reigning Christian Democrats.
From these initial connections, Gelli was able to extend his network throughout the echelons of the Italian establishment.
Gelli was found to be active in the Grand Orient's national affairs two years later, financing the election of a new Grand Master.
Gelli said he was in favour of rewriting the Italian constitution towards a Gaullist presidential system.
Allegations of surreptitious international relationships, mainly with Argentina ( Gelli repeatedly suggested that he was a close friend of Juan Perón ) and with some people suspected of affiliation with the American Central Intelligence Agency were also partly confirmed ; but soon a political debate overtook the legal level of the analysis.
On March 17, 1981, a list composed by Licio Gelli was found in his country house ( Villa Wanda ).
Licio Gelli was also named minister plenipotentiary for cultural affairs in the Argentine embassy in Italy, thus providing him with diplomatic immunity.
On the run, Licio Gelli escaped to Switzerland where he was arrested on September 13, 1982 while trying to withdraw tens of millions of dollars in Geneva.
In 1984 Jorge Vargas, the secretary general of the Union Nacionalista de Chile ( UNACH, Nationalist Union of Chile, a short-lived National Socialist party ) and a former member of the Movimiento Revolucionario Nacional Sindicalista ( National-Syndicalist Revolutionary Movement ), declared to La Tercera de la Hora that Gelli was then in Chile.
In 1992 Licio Gelli was sentenced to 18 years and six months of prison after being found guilty of fraud concerning the collapse of Banco Ambrosiano in 1982 ( a " black hole " of $ 1. 4 billion was found ).
In April 1994, Gelli received a 17-year sentence for divulging state secrets and slandering the investigation, while the court threw out the charge that P2 members conspired against the state ; Gelli's sentence was reduced, and he was placed under house arrest two years later.
On July 19, 2005, Gelli was formally indicted by Roman Magistrates for the murder of Roberto Calvi, along with former Mafia boss Giuseppe Calò ( also known as " Pippo Calò "), businessmen Ernesto Diotallevi and Flavio Carboni, and the latter's girlfriend, Manuela Kleinszig.
Gelli has been implicated in Aldo Moro's murder, since the Italian chief of intelligence, accused of negligence, was a piduista ( P2 member ).
Gelli and expelled
The Grand Orient of Italy officially expelled Gelli and the P2 Lodge in 1976.
Gelli and from
The Argentine Chancellor Alberto Vignes drafted with Juan Perón, who had returned from exile in 1973, a decree granting Gelli the Gran Cruz de la Orden del Libertador in August 1974, as well as the honorary office of economic counselor in the embassy of Argentina in Italy.
According to a letter sent by Gelli to César de la Vega, a P2 member and Argentine ambassador to the UNESCO, Gelli commissioned P2 member Federico Carlos Barttfeld to be transferred from the consulate of Hamburg to the Argentine embassy in Rome.
Gelli had already been sentenced in absentia to 14 months in jail by a court in San Remo for illegally exporting money from Italy.
Two motions of no confidence were made by the right-wing opposition ( the Northern League and the ex-Christian Democratic splinter groups CDU-CDR ), against the Justice Minister, Giovanni Maria Flick, and the Interior Minister, Giorgio Napolitano, stating that Gelli had benefited from accomplices helping him in his escape.
A fugitive in Argentina for many years, Licio Gelli publicly declared on repeated occasions that he was a close friend of Argentina's leader Juan Peron, although no confirmation ever came from South America, he affirmed that he introduced Peron to Masonry and that this friendship was of real importance for Italy.
According to the magistrates who indicted Licio Gelli, P2's headmaster, and Giuseppe Calò for Calvi's murder, Gelli would have ordered his death to punish him for embezzlement of his and the mafia's money, while the mafia wanted to stop him from revealing the way Calvi helped it in money laundering.
Italy had Jacopo Gelli and Francesco Novati, who published a facsimile of the " Flos Duellatorum " of Fiore dei Liberi, and Giuseppe Cerri, whose book on the Bastone drew inspiration from the two-handed sword of Achille Marozzo.
Both Terza Posizione leaders claimed that Musumeci was trying to divert attention from Licio Gelli, head of P2.
Gelli and on
P2 members Gelli and the head of the secret service Pietro Musumeci were condemned for attempting to mislead the police investigation of the Bologna massacre on August 2, 1980, which killed 85 people and wounded more than 200.
* Philip Willan, personal website of journalist and author with information on Roberto Calvi, Banco Ambrosiano, Licio Gelli, Propaganda Due.
In 1990, a report on RAI Television alleged that the CIA had paid Licio Gelli to foment terrorist activities in Italy.
Gelli then disappeared on the eve of being imprisoned, in May 1998, while being under house arrest in his mansion near Arezzo.
In his statement before the court Gelli blamed people connected with Calvi's work in financing the Polish Solidarity movement, allegedly on behalf of the Vatican.
Located to the north-west of the town, the remains of an Iron Age settlement Hen Dre ' r Gelli lies on the slopes of Mynydd Y Gelli hill between Tonypandy and Gelli.
The Gelli Fanwen Farm, along with many others, used to produce milk but now sadly due to cost of producing milk they moved on to beef farming and contracting.
* The procession scenes in which victims are transported to the Dragon's lair were shot on Gelli behind the main shop in Capel Curig.
Thus the Lucidi of Agnolo Firenzuola, and the Vecchio amoroso of Donato Giannotti were modelled on comedies by Plautus, as were the Sporta by Giambattista Gelli, the Marito by Lodovico Dolce, and others.
Gelli and 1981
In 1981, police raided the office of Propaganda Due masonic lodge so they could catch the Worshipful Master Licio Gelli, and found further evidence against Roberto Calvi.
Gelli and P2
As grand master of the Propaganda Due ( P2 ) masonic lodge, Gelli had ties with very high level personalities in Italy and abroad, in particular in Argentina.
On November 23, 1995, the Court of Cassation ( Corte di Cassazione ) convicted Licio Gelli ( grand master of P2 ), Francesco Pazienza and SISMI officers Pietro Musumeci and Giuseppe Belmonte of diverting investigations in relation to the Bologna Massacre.
In 2003, Gelli told La Repubblica that it seemed that the P2 " democratic rebirth plan " was being implemented by Silvio Berlusconi:
Licio Gelli, headmaster of P2 masonic lodge, and mafioso Giuseppe " Pippo " Calò, are being prosecuted for the assassination of Roberto Calvi.
P2 and its Worshipful Master, Licio Gelli, were also involved in financing right wing terror groups during the 1970s.
Such relationships became closer in 1976, when Sindona's banks went bankrupt: Licio Gelli, chief of the P2 lodge, proposed a plan to save the Banca Privata Italiana to Andreotti, then Minister of Defense.
In the aftermath of the investigations it appeared that many of them were connected through the secret P2 lodge ( Propaganda Due ) of Licio Gelli.
He was a friend of Licio Gelli, grandmaster of P2 masonic lodge.
Licio Gelli, leader of the masonic P2 lodge, as well as three others, Francesco Pazienza, Pietro Musumeci and Giuseppe Belmonte, received sentences for slandering the investigation.
* Sentence for investigation diversion to Licio Gelli ( headmaster of P2 ), Francesco Pazienza and to SISMI officers Pietro Musumeci and Giuseppe Belmonte.
* sentence for investigation diversion to Licio Gelli ( headmaster of Propaganda Due – aka P2 ), Francesco Pazienza and to SISMI officers Pietro Musumeci and Giuseppe Belmonte.
* Licio Gelli, P2 leader
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