In 1983, Fab 5 Freddy produced a hip-hop version of " Eisgekühlter Bommerlunder " called " Hip Hop Bommi Bop " together with German punk rock band Die Toten Hosen which is said to be the very first co-production of Punk and Hip Hop.

Then against this they released a collaboration with Skunk Funk ( German ) the pure Hip Hop single Fast 30 (" Almost 30 ").

* DJ Friction ( Germany ), a German Hip Hop DJ and Producer.

In 2004, German recording label Out Here Records published X Plastaz ' first full-length album, Maasai Hip Hop, which included the hit songs previously published in the Rough Guides.

The song reached number 2 in the German Hip Hop billboards and remained there for two weeks.

* Hop Museum Hopfenmuseum Tettnang website German

He was probably from the cargo ship Hop, that had left Bergen on 2 February 1940, and was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine.

The term Afroasiatic Urheimat ( Urheimat meaning " original homeland " in German ) refers to the ' hypothetical ' place where Proto-Afroasiatic speakers lived in a single linguistic community, or complex of communities, before this original language dispersed geographically and divided into distinct languages.

For example, the word " Amerika " in German has a one-to-one equivalence to its meaning in modern English: it may denote North America, South America, or both, and in some instances refers to the United States only.

: Science of the mind, or cultural or spiritual science ), a term generally used in German to refer to the humanities and social sciences ; in fact, the term " science " is used more broadly in Europe as a general term that refers to any exact knowledge.

Bavarian is the adjective form of the German state of Bavaria, and refers to people of ancestry from Bavaria.

The " Stern " ( German for star ) refers to the board's star shape ( in contrast to the square board used in Halma ).

In German language-speaking countries, the word Doktor refers to a research doctorate awardee in formal language ( similar to a PhD ), and is distinct from Arzt, a medical practitioner.

For example, in German: Oldtimer refers to an old car ( or antique aircraft ) rather than an old person, while Handy refers to a mobile phone.

Additionally, in some languages a " concourse " ( Swedish konkurs, Finnish konkurssi, German Konkurs ) takes its meaning from " concourse of debtors "; that is, it means bankruptcy, while in Russian конкурс takes one more meaning and refers to contest.

Medieval German literature refers to literature written in Germany, stretching from the Carolingian dynasty ; various dates have been given for the end of the German literary Middle Ages, the Reformation ( 1517 ) being the last possible cut-off point.

The title is a translation into German of the Old Norse phrase Ragnarök, which in Norse mythology refers to a prophesied war of the gods that brings about the end of the world.

The Imperial German Navy refers to the " Imperial Navy " () – the German Navy created at the time of the formation of the German Empire.

#:" German populations, or elements thereof, remaining in Poland " refers to Germans living within the 1937 boundaries of Poland up to the Curzon line going East.

Three quarters of the world's taxation literature refers to the German system.

U-boat is the anglicized version of the German word U-Boot, itself an abbreviation of " Unterseeboot ," ( meaning in English, " undersea boat "), and refers to military submarines operated by Germany, particularly in World War I and World War II.

The distinction between U-boat and submarine is common in several languages, including English ( where U-boat refers exclusively to the German vessels of the World Wars ) but is unknown in German, in which the term U-Boot refers to any submarine.

The word " gverc " or " gvirc ' is from the German "" and refers to various spices added to mead.

( In German, the ‘ neoclassicist style ’ of that period would usually be called klassizistisch, while neoklassizistisch specifically refers to the classicist style of the early 20th century.

The etymology of the word refers to enclosure: it is from Middle English gardin, from Anglo-French gardin, jardin, of Germanic origin ; akin to Old High German gard, gart, an enclosure or compound, as in Stuttgart.

Category: German hip hop groups

It was not until the early 1990s that German hip hop entered the mainstream, as groups like Die Fantastischen Vier and the Rödelheim Hartreim Projekt gained popularity.

German hip hop was heavily influenced by films which led to a strong emphasis on cultural elements such as graffiti and breakdancing, rather than just the music itself.

The influence of film was critical on German hip hop's early development, leading to a strong emphasis on the more heavily visual aspects of the culture like graffiti-art and break dancing.

Through such films as Wild Style and Beat Street, German youths developed a taste for breakdancing, spraypainting, and freestyling, thus beginning hip hop's first wave of popularity.

GLS United, formed by three widely known radio moderators, was perhaps the first German hip hop group, releasing the first German-language hip hop song " Rappers Deutsch " in 1980 although they were just a novelty act created for this one song.

Often living in dilapidated neighborhoods and marked as outsiders by their " eastern " traditions and poor command of the German language, Turkish urban youth gravitate towards hip hop as means of expressive identity construction.

Before Turkish hip hop took root in Germany, it was influenced by American and German hip hop.

Whereas German hip hop gained widespread appeal throughout the early 1990s, it wasn't until Advance Chemistry ’ s single “ Fremd im eigenen Land ” (“ Strangers in Our Own Land ”) that plight of the immigrant was addressed.

For Turkish youth who didn ’ t identify with Germany as a homeland, localized German hip hop still did not appeal to them nor function as a medium of self-expression.

Looking for representation of their own heritage, Turkish artists and producers used German hip hop as a springboard to create Turkish inspired rap lyrics and beats.

First and foremost, Turkish rap distinguishes itself from German and American hip hop by the utilizing the Turkish language rather than German or English.

Feridun Zaimoglu, one of Germany ’ s leading literary figures, describes the Turkish most hip hop artists employ as ‘ Kanak Sprak .’ ‘ Kanak Sprak ’ makes a direct reference to local racism in Germany This creolized Turkish-German spoken by the disenfranchised youth of the hip-hop generation is characterized as sentences without commas, full stops, capital letters, and any kind of punctuation as well as frequent switches between Turkish and German Kanak Sprak alone, without even delving into the lyrics, sets Turkish hip hop apart from pure imitation of American music and makes it more meaningful for its Turkish listeners.

Giving it a particularly ‘ local ’ meaning, these particular distinctions transform distant German hip hop into a platform for Turks to assert their nationalistic pride.

In addition to rapping in the language of their ancestral homeland, Turkish hip hop is aesthetically different from German hip hop.

Since Turks felt very marginalized by German society, they turned to hip hop in order to express their concerns.

This oriental hip hop allowed Turkish youngsters to discuss what it meant to them to be a German foreigner and how they still identified as being Turkish.

Oriental hip hop is a way for disenfranchised youth to mark their place in German society.

But nationalism is not absent from the German rap scene ; on the contrary, there is an implicit ( and sometimes explicit ) conflict over national identity that finds expression, on the one hand, in charges that the attempt to form a ' German ' rap culture is inherently exclusionary, and on the other, in the growth of a counter-nationalism in the form of ethnic-Turkish or so-called ' Oriental hip hop '" ( 142 ) In " From Krauts with attitudes to Turks with attitudes: some aspects oh hip hop history in Germany ", written by Dietmar Eleflein, " Yet at the same time, the title Krauts with Attitude also played with a kind of non-dissident identification of a part of the West German hip-hop scene with its role models.