Milward's theory was completely contrary to Hitler's and German planners ' intentions.

German war planners had estimated massive raw materials shortfalls if Germany entered a war without Soviet supply.

German military planners also researched Napoleon's failed invasion of Russia.

When the German autobahns built in the 1930s introduced higher design standards and speeds, road planners and road-builders in the United States started developing and building toll roads to similar high standards.

Though the German planners agreed on the necessity of taking Maleme, there was some debate over the concentration of forces there and the number to be deployed against other targets, such as the smaller airfields at Heraklion and Rethymnon.

His entourage contained traders, artists, planners, German and Dutch citizens.

Ultra, signals intelligence from decrypted German radio transmission, confirmed to planners that the German high command believed in the Bodyguard deceptions and gave them the enemy's order of battle.

German military planners believed that a base in the northern part of Jutland, specifically the airfield of Aalborg, would be essential to operations in Norway, and they began planning the occupation of parts of Denmark.

When the Allied strategic bombing campaign started to target the German war industry, German planners decided to move production to underground facilities that were impenetrable to enemy aerial bombardment.

Military planners in Paris understood that the northern Rhine Valley, the south-western German territories, and Switzerland were strategically important for the defense of the Republic.

The date had been selected by British planners, who expected the German garrison to be concentrating on the Christmas festivities and would therefore be caught unprepared.

The first of these was Operation Arena, which envisioned landing between six and ten divisions into what was termed a ' strategic airhead ' in the Kassel region of Northern Germany ; the planners of the operations envisioned that the operation would deny a large swathe of territory to the German defenders and give the Allied armies a staging area for further advances into Germany.

Soviet planners launched several offensives hoping for a grand encirclement and destruction of Army Group Centre yet had only succeeded in forcing the German line back on a broad front with heavy Soviet casualties.

US war planners lacked updated maps of the USSR, however, and had to use pre-World War II maps — some older than the Russian Revolution — or perhaps German aerial photos from the war.

German planners in April and May 1939 feared that, without Russian supplies, Germany would fall critically short of manganese, oil and rubber.

After Germany had scheduled its invasion of Poland on August 25, and prepared for the resulting war with France, German war planners estimated that a British naval blockade would further exacerbate critical German raw material shortages for which the Soviet Union was the only potential supplier.

However, following the events in Europe in 1938 and 1939 ( the Anschluss, Munich Agreement, German occupation of Czechoslovakia, and Molotov – Ribbentrop Pact ), American war planners realized that the United States faced the possibility of war on multiple fronts against a coalition of enemies.

However, Air Corps planners in complete disregard or lack of understanding their role in supporting the ground attack loaded with bombers with 500 pound bombs destroying roads and bridges and complicating movement through the corridor, instead of lighter 100 pound bombs intended as antipersonnel devices against German defenders.

German planners in April and May 1939 feared that a cessation of Swedish trade would cut key iron ore supplies.

Category: German urban planners

German planners assumed the area would be captured in mop-up operations once the bulk of the Red Army was destroyed west of the Dnieper river.

At the beginning of the Hippodrome I saw the Kaiser's Fountain, an ugly octagonal building with a glass dome, built in 1895 by the German Emperor, and on my left, directly across from it, the tomb of Sultan Ahmet, who constructed the Blue Mosque, more properly known by his name.

He also was impressed with the buildings he saw, and later incorporated some of the German styles into his own constructions.

German and British thinkers emphasised beauty as the key component of art and of the aesthetic experience, and saw art as necessarily aiming at absolute beauty.

Dutch and German colonies saw relatively scarce European migration, since Dutch and German colonial expansion focused upon commercial goals rather than settlement.

The FP saw combat in Cameroun, and successfully invaded and conquered areas of German East Africa, notably present day Rwanda, during World War I.

During the 19th and early 20th century, many smaller or less developed languages saw their first encyclopedias, using French, German, and English role models.

However, the group saw its membership fall sharply in the late 1980s, as many centre-right members moved to the rival European People's Party group, dominated by the German CDU and the ideology of Christian democracy in general.

The German Protestant theologian Martin Luther saw a parallel between Paul and Christ in their work of reconciliation, which is also in fact contained within the concept of Christian Grace.

Thus Fermi saw the theory published in Italian and in German before it was published in English.

The new movement saw German cinema return to international critical significance for the first time since the end of the Weimar Republic.

Allied fighters, by gaining air superiority over the European battlefield, played a crucial role in the eventual defeat of the Axis, which Reichmarshal Hermann Göring, commander of the German Luftwaffe summed up when he said: " When I saw Mustangs over Berlin, I knew the jig was up.

The German lands saw armies marching back and forth, bringing devastation ( albeit on a far lower scale than the Thirty Years ' War, almost two centuries before ), but also bringing new ideas of liberty and civil rights for the people.

The end of October 1918, in Kiel, in northern Germany, saw the beginning of the German Revolution of 1918 – 19.

Units of the German Navy refused to set sail for a last, large-scale operation in a war which they saw as good as lost, initiating the uprising.

Henry regarded the German kingdom as a confederation of stem duchies rather than as a feudal monarchy and saw himself as primus inter pares.

At that time, the British also supported the creation and the training of Palmach, as a unit that could withstand a German offensive in the area, with the consent of Yishuv which saw an opportunity to get trained units and soldiers for the planned Jewish state and during 1944-1945, the most mainstream Jewish para-military organization, Haganah, cooperated with the British authorities against the Lehi and Etzel.

He saw it as his job to make the German people accept this and if possible welcome it.

Thus many admirers ( though not necessarily Brahms himself ) saw him as the champion of traditional forms and " pure music ", as opposed to the " New German " embrace of programme music.

His term of office in 1917 saw Britain brought within danger of starvation by German unrestricted U-Boat warfare.

Early German use of the term judenchristlich (" Jewish-Christian "), in a decidedly negative sense, can be found in the late writings of Friedrich Nietzsche, who emphasized what he saw as neglected aspects of continuity between the Jewish world view and that of Christianity.

In pursuit of his Iraq project, Ribbentrop strongly pushed for German aid to the Rashid Ali al-Gaylani government in Iraq, where he saw a great opportunity for striking a blow at British influence in the Middle East.

Alfred Rosenberg, the German Minister of the East, saw this as an intrusion into his area of authority, and told Hitler that the émigrés at the Hotel Adlon were " a nest of Allied agents ".

Britain saw Mubarak's desire for an alliance as an opportunity to counteract German influence in the region and so agreed.

" However within this line of thought " The tension between anti-vanguardism and vanguardism has frequently resolved itself in two diametrically opposed ways: the first involved a drift towards the party ; the second saw a move towards the idea of complete proletarian spontaneity ... The first course is exemplified most clearly in Gramsci and Lukacs ... The second course is illustrated in the tendency, developing from the Dutch and German far-lefts, which inclined towards the complete eradication of the party form.