In a March 2000 issue of Natural History, Stephen Jay Gould argued that Haeckel “ exaggerated the similarities by idealizations and omissions .” As well, Gould argued that Haeckel ’ s drawings are simply inaccurate and falsified.

In The Mismeasure of Man ( 1996 ), paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould criticized IQ tests and argued that that they were used for scientific racism.

Psychologist Arthur Jensen has rejected the criticism by Gould and also argued that even if g was replaced by a model with several intelligences this would change the situation less than expected.

In what Stephen Jay Gould has called " glorious purple prose ," Gosse argued that if one assumed creation ex nihilo, there would necessarily be traces of previous existence that had never actually occurred.

A year before their 1972 Eldredge and Gould paper, Niles Eldredge published a paper in the journal Evolution which suggested that gradual evolution was seldom seen in the fossil record and argued that Ernst Mayr's standard mechanism of allopatric speciation might suggest a possible resolution.

John Wilkins and Gareth Nelson have argued that French architect Pierre Trémaux proposed an " anticipation of the theory of punctuated equilibrium of Gould and Eldredge.

Gould argued that evolution's drive was not towards complexity, but towards diversification.

But life, Gould argued, can easily adapt towards simplification, as is often the case with parasites.

While some evolutionary biologists claim that speciation events have remained relatively constant over time, some palaeontologists such as Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould have argued that species usually remain unchanged over long stretches of time, and that speciation occurs only over relatively brief intervals, a view known as punctuated equilibrium.

However, Stephen Jay Gould and others have argued that as one ascends the evolutionary hierarchy, competitiveness ( the survival instinct ) becomes less innate, and more a learned behavior.

David Abram argued that Gould was unaware that mechanism was itself only metaphorical.

Stephen Jay Gould has argued that creationists misunderstand the nature of the debate within the scientific community, which is not about " if " evolution occurred, but " how " it occurred.

Gould Davis argued that the early matriarchal societies attained a high level of civilization, which was largely wiped out as a result of the " patriarchal revolution ".

Quoting Jules Michelet, Gould Davis argued that women by the fifteenth century were treated so badly by men of all social classes that they were seen as " worse than beasts ".

Gould Davis argued that patriarchal civilization is destroying itself, and that only the values of the " matriarchates " can save humanity, because a society based on the mechanistic, Cartesian duality of dominant and violent males leads inevitably to a focus on technology and gadgetry rather than on loving human relationships.

In Goddess Unmasked, Phillip Davis argued that the assertions by Gould Davis and Marija Gimbutas are severely distorted at best, that serious study of artifacts in Europe and Anatolia does not support the idea of a peaceful matriarchy, and that there is no evidence for a female monotheism of the type advocated by Gould Davis.

In September 2010, the band announced that the reunion tour would come to an end in December and plans for a new album had been scrapped, although bassist Billy Gould said that the band might continue.

However, Lindup and Phil Gould saw a poster for a band called Rocket 88 so their idea was abandoned ( although ' 88 ' was later used as a song title ).

The species was described in 1831 by Vigors based on painting by John Gould although Brian Hodgson had sent a manuscript to the Asiatic Society of Bengal two years earlier describing it as the " Red-billed Erolia " but this was published only in 1835 with an apology from the editor.

The late Stephen Jay Gould offered a synopsis of the mainstream response to Velikovsky, writing, " Velikovsky is neither crank nor charlatan — although, to state my opinion and to quote one of my colleagues, he is at least gloriously wrong ... Velikovsky would rebuild the science of celestial mechanics to save the literal accuracy of ancient legends.

John Gould and other early writers referred to the species as the Black-and-white Fantail, although did note the current name.

This behaviour has in some parts attracted sharp criticism although has been defended in other parts of the Rugby League community, in particular by former NSW coach and Nine Network personality Phil Gould.

Gould and McVey left in 1873, although McVey returned for 1874-75 only.

Gould studied at the Institute of Musical Art, although his most important teachers were Abby Whiteside and Vincent Jones.

The definitions are silent as to whether exaptations had been shaped by natural selection after cooption, although Gould and Vrba cite examples ( e. g., feathers ) of traits shaped after cooption.

Gould patents a British stapler although it remains unclear as to how unique this is from U. S. patents of the same age.

It is also known in America as the Rainbow Finch, Gould's Finch, or the Lady Gouldian Finch ( although Mrs. Gould did not hold the title Lady ).

The show starred David Julian Hirsh as Josh Gould, a university professor in Montreal who, although he teaches a sexual anthropology course, struggles to understand the ever-shifting rules and expectations of the dating scene.

The renowned ornithologist John Gould first described the Yellow-billed Spoonbill, naming it Platalea flavipes although noting its distinctness from other members of the genus.

** Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History by Stephen Jay Gould

One of the longer-running police dramas of the day, the series featured appearances by a number of actors, familiar and unfamiliar, among whom were Lynn Borden, Kim Darby, Antonio Fargas, Tiny Tim ( in the pilot TV-movie ), Randolph Mantooth, Cal Bellini, Sharon Gless, Dabbs Greer, Bernie Kopell, Frank Gorshin, Jess Walton, Pernell Roberts, Alan Oppenheimer, Dan Kemp, E. G. Marshall, Harrison Ford, John Schuck, Ingrid Pitt, Susan Saint James, Ivan Dixon, Harry Townes, Pat Hingle, Norman Alden, Anne Francis, David Carradine, Charo, Joseph Campanella, Bill Quinn, Bernard Fox, Tyler McVey, Robert Webber, Alan Hale, Jr., Marion Ross, Marcia Strassman, Susan Sullivan, Suzanne Pleshette, Bo Hopkins, James Hong, Jeanne Cooper, Paul Winfield, Harold Gould, James Farentino, Robert Reed, Bill Bixby, David Cassidy, David Hartman, Dana Elcar, Tina Louise, Lincoln Kilpatrick, Robert Karnes, Tyler MacDuff, Greg Mullavy, Rod Serling, Gene Raymond, Francine York, Peter Mark Richman, Jennifer Gan, Clu Gulager, Joel Grey, Van Williams, John Hoyt, Scott Glenn, William Windom, Joshua Bryant, Dorothy Malone, Robert Alda, Barbara Rush, Jack Kelly, Jason Wingreen, George Takei, George Wallace, John M. Pickard, Diana Muldaur, Jodie Foster, William Katt, Lee Grant, Steve Forrest, Susan Olsen, Michael Lerner, Edward Asner, Eddie Garrett, Darwin Joston, John Rubinstein, Jack Lord, Scott Marlowe, Norman Fell, Gavin MacLeod, Gary Collins, Johnny Seven, William Shatner, Bobby Darin, Martin Sheen, Cheryl Ladd, William Daniels, William Schallert, Burgess Meredith, Vic Tayback, Arch Johnson, James Drury, Ed Flanders, Bruce Lee and Ellen Corby ( Grandma Walton of TV fame ).

In this book, Gould put forth his opinion that Walcott failed to see the differences among the Burgess Shale species and " shoehorned " most of these fossils into existing phyla.

Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History ( 1989 ) is a book on the evolution of Cambrian fauna by Harvard paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould.

* Showdown on the Burgess Shale-by Simon Conway Morris and Stephen Jay Gould

* The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis-by Stephen Jay Gould

His thinking on the significance of the Burgess Shale has evolved and his current interest in evolutionary convergence and its wider significance — the topic of his 2007 Gifford Lectures-was in part spurred by Stephen Jay Gould ’ s arguments for the importance of contingency in the history of life.

Gould also honoured Gilbert when naming two animals that Gilbert had collected for him from the dense heath in the south-west of Western Australia.

Gould suggests that the extraordinary diversity of the fossils indicate that life forms at the time were much more diverse than those that survive today, and that many of the unique lineages were evolutionary experiments that became extinct.

Lewontin, Gould and Eldredge were thus more interested in dialectical materialism as a heuristic, than a dogmatic form of ' truth ' or a statement of their politics.

Some stars, such as the nearby star 82 Eridani, were named in a major southern-hemisphere catalog called Uranometria Argentina, by Benjamin Gould, and are not true Flamsteed numbers, and should properly contain a G, as in 82 G. Eridani.

The bill had broad support because the trains ' owner, Jay Gould, was unpopular, and his fare increases were widely denounced.

Cleveland saw the bill as unjust — Gould had taken over the railroads when they were failing and had made the system solvent again.

Although some of the basic workings of the theory were proposed and identified by Mayr in 1954, historians of science generally recognize the 1972 paper by Niles Eldredge and Stephen Jay Gould as the foundational document of the new paleobiological research program.

John Lyne and Henry Howe, in a more positive evaluation, states that " re-analysis of existing fossil data has shown, to the increasing satisfaction of the paleontological community, that Eldredge and Gould were correct in identifying periods of evolutionary stasis which are interrupted by much shorter periods of evolutionary change.

" I had no idea there were such things — I was awestruck ," Gould once recalled.

According to Gould the most influential political books he read were C. Wright Mills ' The Power Elite and the political writings of Noam Chomsky.

Gould met Lee while they were students together at Antioch College.

When visiting Venice in 1978, Gould noted that the spandrels of the San Marco cathedral, while quite beautiful, were not spaces planned by the architect.

In March 1837, ornithologist John Gould announced that Darwin's Rhea was a separate species from the previously described rhea ( though their territories overlapped ), that mockingbirds collected on the Galápagos Islands represented three separate species each unique to a particular island, and that several distinct birds from those islands were all classified as finches.

Gould re-worked Morton ’ s original endocranial-volume data, and concluded that the original results were based upon biases, selective data use, and perhaps outright falsification of the results.

Gould proposed that if the genetic heritability of IQ were demonstrable within a given racial or ethnic group, it would not explain the causes of IQ differences among the people of a group, or if said IQ differences can be attributed to the environment.

An example of the intellectual confusion about what heritability is and is not, is the statement: " If all environments were to become equal for everyone, heritability would rise to 100 percent because all remaining differences in IQ would necessarily be genetic in origin ", which Gould said is misleading, at best, and false, at worst.

In a study published in 1988, John S. Michael reported that Samuel G. Morton ’ s original 19th-century data were more accurate than Gould had described ; that " contrary to Gould's interpretation.

Nonetheless, in 1994, Gould contradicted Davis by arguing that of twenty-four academic book reviews written by experts in psychology, fourteen approved, three were mixed opinions, and seven disapproved of the book.

Furthermore, Davis accused Gould of having misrepresented a study by Henry H. Goddard ( 1866 – 1957 ) about the intelligence of Jewish, Hungarian, Italian, and Russian immigrants to the U. S., wherein Gould reported Goddard's qualifying those people as " feeble-minded "; whereas, in the initial sentence of the study, Goddard said the study subjects were atypical members of their ethnic groups, who had been selected because of their suspected sub-normal intelligence.

Furthermore, he reported that Gould refused to correct this in new editions of the book, even though newly available data were brought to his attention by several researchers.

The revived Gould villains were often provided with full names, and marriages, children, and other family connections were developed, bringing more humanity to many of the originally grotesque brutes.

Lt. A. Wills Gould, an artillery officer in Forrest ’ s command, was being transferred presumably because cannons under his command were spiked by the enemy during the Battle of Day's Gap.