Cretan authors have made important contributions to Greek Literature throughout the modern period ; major names include Vikentios Kornaros, creator of the 17th century epic romance Erotokritos ( Greek Ερωτόκριτος ), and in the 20th century Nikos Kazantzakis.

The phonemic inventory is essentially Slavic, as is much of the semantics, while the vocabulary derives primarily from the Romance languages, with a lesser contribution from the Germanic languages and minor contributions from Slavic languages and Greek.

The issue contained contributions from various scholars paying tribute to her, with papers dealing with archaeology, fairies, Near Eastern religious symbols, Greek folksongs, but notably not about witchcraft.

Constantine's enthusiasm sparked a wave of contributions from the Greek public.

One of the most valuable contributions of the Hellenistic period was the translation of the Old Testament into Greek.

Thence, however, he continued to govern his diocese, while he found leisure for the preparation of two of the most important of his contributions to dogmatic and polemical theology: the De synodis or De fide Orientalium, an epistle addressed in 358 to the Semi-Arian bishops in Gaul, Germany and Britain, expounding the true views ( sometimes veiled in ambiguous words ) of the Eastern bishops on the Nicene controversy ; and the De trinitate libri XII, composed in 359 and 360, in which, for the first time, a successful attempt was made to express in Latin the theological subtleties elaborated in the original Greek.

There, after his significant contributions led to a union of the Greek and Latin churches, Bonaventure died suddenly and in suspicious circumstances.

His Studien und Charakteristiken ( 1871 ; 2nd ed., 1889 ) contain valuable contributions to the history of Greek and Roman literature.

He studied at Marburg, Jena, Geneva, and, lastly, Paris, where his teacher was Henry Estienne ( Stephanus ), to whose great Greek Thesaurus Sylburg afterwards made important contributions.

Both these literary figures, in the context of the broader contributions of Greek philosophy in the Classical and Hellenistic eras, were to give rise to idea of Political Science, the study of political evolution and the critique of governmental systems.

Maria Callas, Nikos Skalkottas, Mikis Theodorakis, Dimitris Mitropoulos, Manos Hadjidakis and Vangelis also lead twentieth-century Greek contributions, alongside Demis Roussos, Nana Mouskouri, Yanni, Georges Moustaki, Eleni Karaindrou and others.

Among his numerous contributions to Greek literature may be mentioned, Hephaestion's Encheiridion ( 1810 ); Poëtae Graeci minores ( 1814 – 1820 ); Stobaeus ' Florilegium ( 1822 ); Herodotus, with variorum notes ( 1824 ); Suidas ' Lexicon ( 1834 ); Etymologicum Magnum ( I848 ).

Mary Lefkowitz, Professor Emerita of Classical Studies at Wellesley College in Massachusetts, has rejected George James's theories about Egyptian contributions to Greek civilization as being faulty scholarship.

recovery of lost Greek classics, and to a lesser extent independent Arab contributions, played an important part in the revitalization of medieval philosophy in the Renaissance of the 12th century, just as the refugee Greek scholars who migrated to Italy during the onslaught of the Ottomans against the Byzantine Empire in the 15th century were important in sparking the new linguistic studies of the Renaissance, in newly created academies in Florence and Venice.

One of his greatest contributions to the Christian faith was a critical Greek New Testament ( 1514 ) which challenged the previous New Testament text translations ( specifically the Vulgate ).

Thus, Callicratidas was forced to assemble his fleet and funding by seeking contributions from Sparta's allies among the Greek cities of the region.

One of the contributions of classical philology to the Kultur-movement in Wilhelmine and post-Wilhelmine Germany was the use of banausisch as an insult — along with the myths that the German Soul is essentially Greek, that the ancient Greeks were blond, and that the modern Greeks are not descended from them.

Three of his most important academic works ( a selection from seventeen books and two hundred essays, including encyclopedia contributions and memorabilia ), which are still at the base of the study of Hellenic religion, are Homo Necans ( 1972, English 1983 ), Greek Religion ( 1977, English 1985 ), and Ancient Mystery Cults ( 1982 lectures, published 1987 ).

While Dumezil's refusal of seeing a Greek influence in Italic Junos looks difficult to maintain in the light of the contributions of archaeology, his comparative analysis of the divine structure is supported by many scholars, as M. Renard and J. Poucet.

For example, it is has made notable contributions in the fields of epigraphy and modern Greek history.

His masterful contributions to language and literature triggered the development of studia humanitatis which began to formalize the study of ancient languages, namely Greek and Latin, eloquence, classical authors, and rhetoric.

Among the best known are: Ishaq ibn Hunain ( d. 911 ) ( son of Hunain ibn Ishaq ), the physician and translator of Greek philosophical works into Arabic ; ibn Fadlan, the explorer ; al Battani ( d. 923 ), astronomer ; Tabari ( d. 923 ), historian and theologian ; al-Razi ( d. 930 ), philosopher who made fundamental and lasting contributions to the fields of medicine, chemistry ; al-Farabi ( d. 950 ), chemist and philosopher ; Abu Nasr Mansur ( d. 1036 ), mathematician ; Alhazen ( d. 1040 ), mathematician ; al-Biruni ( d. 1048 ), mathematician, astronomer, physicist ; Omar Khayyám ( d. 1123 ), poet, mathematician, and astronomer ; Mansur Al-Hallaj a mystic, writer and teacher of Sufism most famous for his apparent, but disputed, self-proclaimed divinity, his poetry and for his execution for heresy by Caliph Al-Muqtadir.

Although the Indian and Greek concepts of the atom were based purely on philosophy, modern science has retained the name coined by Democritus.

Aeronautics ( from Greek ὰήρ āēr which means " air " and ναυτική nautikē which means " navigation, Airmanship ", i. e. " navigation of the air ") is the science involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of airflight-capable machines, or the techniques of operating aircraft and rocketry within the atmosphere.

Arithmetic or arithmetics ( from the Greek word ἀριθμός, arithmos " number ") is the oldest and most elementary branch of mathematics, used by almost everyone, for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day counting to advanced science and business calculations.

Botany, plant science ( s ), or plant biology ( from Ancient Greek, " pasture, grass, or fodder " and that from, " to feed or to graze "), a discipline of biology, is the science of plant life.

Boxing ( pugilism, prize fighting, the sweet science or in Greek pygmachia ) is a martial art and combat sport in which two people engage in a contest of strength, reflexes, and endurance by throwing punches at an opponent with the goal of a knockout with gloved hands.

In the specialised science and technology vocabularies, the influence of Latin and Greek is notable.

These Greek city-states reached great levels of prosperity that resulted in an unprecedented cultural boom, that of classical Greece, expressed in architecture, drama, science, mathematics and philosophy, and nurtured in Athens under a democratic government.

Cognitive science has a pre-history traceable back to ancient Greek philosophical texts ( see Plato's Meno ); and certainly must include writers such as Descartes, David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Benedict de Spinoza, Nicolas Malebranche, Pierre Cabanis, Leibniz and John Locke.

Cryptanalysis ( from the Greek kryptós, " hidden ", and analýein, " to loosen " or " to untie ") is the art and science of analyzing information systems in order to study the hidden aspects of the systems.

Teleological ethics ( Greek telos, “ end ”; logos, “ science ”) is an ethical theory that holds that the ends or consequences of an act determine whether an act is good or evil.

Fire is one of the four classical elements in ancient Greek philosophy and science.

Air is one of the four classical elements in ancient Greek philosophy and science.

Earth is one of the four classical elements in ancient Greek philosophy and science.

Earth and the other Greek classical elements were incorporated into the Golden Dawn system despite being considered obsolete by modern science.

The empire that grew from Athenian conquest spurred the spread of Greek language, religion, science and philosophy throughout the colonies.

The first component of the term comes from " cybernetics ", which is derived from the Greek κυβερνήτης ( kybernētēs, steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder ), a word introduced by Norbert Wiener for his pioneering work in electronic communication and control science.

* John R. Hale, et al., " Questioning the Delphic Oracle: When science meets religion at this ancient Greek site, the two turn out to be on better terms than scholars had originally thought ", in Scientific American August 2003

* Greek letters used in mathematics, science, and engineering

The veneration of that classical past, particularly pre-Christian Rome, the new availability of Greek philosophical works, the successes of humanism and natural science along with the fragmentation of the Christian churches and increased understanding of other faiths, all helped erode the image of the church as the unique source of wisdom, destined to dominate the whole world.

* Ionian Enlightenment, the origin of ancient Greek advances in philosophy and science

Ephrem combines in his writing a threefold heritage: he draws on the models and methods of early Rabbinic Judaism, he engages skillfully with Greek science and philosophy, and he delights in the Mesopotamian / Persian tradition of mystery symbolism.

Geology ( from the Greek γῆ, gê, " earth " and λόγος, logos, " study ") is the science comprising the study of solid Earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the processes by which they evolve.

Genetics ( from Ancient Greek, " genitive " and that from, " origin "), a discipline of biology, is the science of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.

Debates on medical science now had two traditions, the more conservative Arabian and the liberal Greek.