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Haeckel was a zoologist, an accomplished artist and illustrator, and later a professor of comparative anatomy.
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Haeckel and was
The word " ecology " (" Ökologie ") was coined in 1866 by the German scientist Ernst Haeckel ( 1834 – 1919 ).
The term " ecology " () is of a more recent origin and was first coined by the German biologist Ernst Haeckel in his book Generelle Morphologie der Organismen ( 1866 ).
Haeckel was a zoologist, artist, writer, and later in life a professor of comparative anatomy.
also written von Haeckel, was an eminent German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms, and coined many terms in biology, including anthropogeny, ecology, phylum, phylogeny, stem cell, and the kingdom Protista.
Ernst Haeckel was born on February 16, 1834, in Potsdam ( then part of Prussia ).
Haeckel was the first person known to use the term " First World War ".
Haeckel was a flamboyant figure.
On the other hand, Michael K. Richardson, Professor of Evolutionary Developmental Zoology, Leiden University, while recognizing that some criticisms of the drawings are legitimate ( indeed, it was he and his co-workers who began the modern criticisms in 1998 ), has supported the drawings as teaching aids, and has said that " on a fundamental level, Haeckel was correct "
Haeckel was not the only one to create a series of drawings representing embryonic development.
Wilhelm His was one of Haeckel ’ s most authoritative and primary opponents advocating physiological embryology.
The first suggestion of fakery against Haeckel was made in late 1868 by Ludwig Rutimeyer in the Archiv fur Anthropogenie.
As a pioneer in mammalian embryology, he was one of Haeckel ’ s strongest critics.
Nevertheless, Bischoff ’ s main argument was in reference to Haeckel ’ s drawings of human embryos, for Haeckel is later accused of miscopying the dog embryo from him.
Throughout Haeckel ’ s time, criticism of his embryo drawings was often due in part to his critics ' belief in his representations of embryological development as “ crude schemata .” In this way, Haeckel specifically selected relevant features to portray in his drawings.
Ernst Haeckel was particularly ardent, aiming to synthesise Darwin's ideas with those of Lamarck and Goethe while still reflecting the spirit of Naturphilosophie.
The concept of a biotope was first advocated by Ernst Haeckel ( 1834-1919 ): a German zoologist famous for the recapitulation theory.
On the other hand, it does seem likely that Marr was influenced by Ernst Haeckel, a professor who popularized the notion of Social Darwinism among Germany's educated classes.
Indeed, it was the question of where to put such " unclassifiable " creatures that prompted Ernst Haeckel to add a third kingdom to the Animale and Vegetabile of Linnaeus: the Kingdom Protista.
The term nekton was coined in 1890 by Ernst Haeckel ; it is rooted in the Greek adjective νηκτός nēktós (" the swimming ") derived from the verb νήχειν nḗkhein (" to swim ").
Amniota was first formally described by embryologist Ernst Haeckel in 1866 on the presence of the amnion, hence the name.
Nevertheless, his chief interest was in human evolution, influenced by Ernst Haeckel, who reasoned that there must be intermediate species between apes and human.
Haeckel and zoologist
* 1834 – Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist and philosopher ( d. 1919 )
* February 16 – Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist and philosopher ( d. 1919 )
Friedrich Ratzel ( 1844 – 1904 ), influenced by thinkers like Darwin and zoologist Ernst Heinrich Haeckel, contributed to Geopolitik by the expansion on the biological conception of geography, without a static conception of borders.
* Ernst Haeckel, German evolutionary biologist / zoologist
* August 8-Ernst Haeckel ( born 1834 ), zoologist.
* February 16 – Ernst Haeckel ( died 1919 ), zoologist.
Influenced by thinkers like Darwin and zoologist Ernst Heinrich Haeckel, he published several papers.
Darwin was visited in October 1866 by the zoologist Ernst Haeckel, who over the years had built support for Darwin in Germany, now getting huge classes at Jena for his lectures on Darwinismus.
Haeckel and illustrator
* Ernst Haeckel, German biologist and illustrator
Haeckel and later
The later fame of Ernst Haeckel eclipsed Darwin in some European countries, as the term " Haeckelism " was more common than Darwinism.
Haeckel later abandoned this idea which is revived by Hadzi in 1953.
Haeckel and professor
Haeckel studied under Karl Gegenbaur at the University of Jena for three years, earning a doctorate in zoology, before becoming a professor of comparative anatomy at the University of Jena, where he remained for 47 years, from 1862 to 1909.
As a professor of anatomy at the University of Jena ( 1855 – 1873 ) and at the University of Heidelberg ( 1873 – 1903 ), Carl Gegenbaur was a strong supporter of Charles Darwin's theory of organic evolution, having taught and worked, beginning in 1858, with Ernst Haeckel, 8 years his junior.
In 1855, he was appointed extraordinary professor of anatomy at the University of Jena, and in 1858, he became the ordinary professor, where after 1865, his former student and fellow-worker Ernst Haeckel was professor of zoology.
In 1858, the physician Ernst Haeckel studied under Carl Gegenbaur at Jena, receiving a doctorate in zoology ( after his medical degree ), and became a professor at the same institution, the University of Jena ( see: Ernst Haeckel ).
Haeckel and comparative
Although Haeckel stressed comparative embryology and Gegenbaur promoted the comparison of adult structures, both believed that the two methods could work in conjunction to produce the goal of evolutionary morphology.
Later, the German morphologist Ernst Haeckel would convince Huxley that comparative anatomy and palaeontology could be used to reconstruct evolutionary genealogies.
Early attempts to identify relationships between major groups were made in the 19th century by Ernst Haeckel, and by comparative anatomists such as Thomas Henry Huxley and E. Ray Lankester.
Haeckel and .
Ernst Haeckel described a taxon comprising tunicates, cephalochordates, and vertebrates in 1866.
As a result of his letters and, no doubt, personal conversations, Huxley and Haeckel were convinced that, at the time he wrote Principles, he believed new species had arisen by natural methods.
These ( Nassellaria and Spumellaria ) were reported in the Report on Radiolaria ( 1887 ) written by Ernst Haeckel.
Haeckel, who admired Darwin's work, defined ecology in reference to the economy of nature, which has led some to question whether ecology and the economy of nature are synonymous.
Ernst Haeckel.
Haeckel ( left ) with Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai, his assistant, in the Canary Islands | Canaries, 1866.
Haeckel promoted and popularized Charles Darwin's work in Germany and developed the controversial recapitulation theory (" ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny ") claiming that an individual organism's biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarizes its species ' evolutionary development, or phylogeny.
As a philosopher, Ernst Haeckel wrote Die Welträtsel ( 1895 – 1899, in English, The Riddle of the Universe, 1901 ), the genesis for the term " world riddle " ( Welträtsel ); and Freedom in Science and Teaching to support teaching evolution.
In 1852, Haeckel completed studies at Cathedral High School ( Domgymnasium ) of Merseburg.
In 1857, Haeckel attained a doctorate in medicine ( M. D.
The occupation of physician appeared less worthwhile to Haeckel, after contact with suffering patients.
During a trip to the Mediterranean, Haeckel named nearly 150 new species of radiolarians.
Haeckel named thousands of new species from 1859 to 1887.
From 1866 to 1867, Haeckel made an extended journey to the Canary Islands with Hermann Fol and during this period, met with Charles Darwin, in 1866 at Down House in Kent, Thomas Huxley and Charles Lyell.
Haeckel retired from teaching in 1909, and in 1910 he withdrew from the Evangelical church.
Haeckel's wife, Agnes, died in 1915, and Haeckel became substantially more frail, with a broken leg ( thigh ) and broken arm.
Haeckel died on August 9, 1919.
Rather than being a strict Darwinian, Haeckel believed that racial characteristics were acquired through interactions with the environment and that ontogeny directly followed phylogeny.
In 1905, Haeckel founded a group called the " Monist League " to promote his religious and political beliefs.
For example, Haeckel described and named hypothetical ancestral microorganisms that have never been found.
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