Having as a point of reference their structure, Duverger in his book Les Partis Politiques ( 1951 ) distinguished parties between elite-based parties and mass-based parties.

Having distinguished himself in his father's war against the Seljuk Turks, in 1143 Manuel was chosen as his successor by John, in preference to his elder surviving brother Isaac.

Having joined the Fourth Crusade in about 1201, he distinguished himself at the sieges of Constantinople and elsewhere.

Having distinguished himself by his military abilities during this campaign, Henry was appointed as margrave of Tuscany and as Lothair's successor in the Duchy of Saxony.

Having distinguished himself at the battles of Dresden and Leipzig he was promoted lieutenant-general.

Having developed as a style of Late Latin called sermo humilis, used to preach and otherwise communicate to the people in ordinary language, it can be distinguished from Classical Latin by some lexical variations, a simplified syntax in some cases, and, commonly, in modern times, an Italianate pronunciation.

Having distinguished himself in the practice of law, in 1512 Guicciardini was entrusted by the Florentine Signoria with an embassy to the court of the King of Aragon, Ferdinand the Catholic.

Having related all consciousness to properties, he concludes that they cannot be meaningfully distinguished from our judgements about them.

Having distinguished himself in helping to put down the rebellion that took place in Ulster in 1641, Chichester was admitted to the Privy Council of Ireland in 1643 and appointed Governor of Belfast.

Having distinguished himself through the Windsor minor hockey system.

Having returned to England in the summer of 1794, he became tutor in several distinguished families.

Having distinguished himself at the siege of Seringapatam in 1792, he was appointed by Lord Cornwallis to the situation of Persian interpreter to a British force serving with a native prince.

Having gained a travelling scholarship he spent more than four years in Europe, Asia Minor, Syria and Egypt, paying great attention to mineralogy and mining, examining coal-fields, metalliferous mines and salt-works, and making acquaintance with many distinguished geologists and mineralogists.

Having entered the Spanish Navy at a young age, in 1750, as a Guardiamarina, Lángara quickly distinguished himself in various wars.

Having completed his education at the High School, Edinburgh, and the University of Edinburgh, where he was distinguished in mathematics, Robert was induced to enter a banking-house in order to acquire a practical knowledge of business, but his ambition was really academic.

Having married into the Gothic Amal royal line through his second wife Matasuntha and a distinguished service record, at the time of his sudden death, he was considered the probable heir to Emperor Justinian.

Having graduated from the University of Montpellier with a degree in history, he began his distinguished career soon afterward.

Having been promoted to major-general Le Marchant was given the command of a brigade of heavy cavalry in 1811, and greatly distinguished himself in several actions.

Having distinguished himself in classical languages in high school, he obtained a four-year scholarship to Dalhousie University in Halifax to further his classical studies.

Having once committed himself to an ideal which he considers worthwhile, he inevitably creates forms for its expression and institutions for its continuance.

Having banished or murdered some 10, 000 citizens, and thus made himself master of Syracuse, he created a strong army and fleet and subdued the greater part of Sicily.

Having established himself as a solo artist with " Space Oddity ", Bowie began to sense a lacking: " a full-time band for gigs and recording — people he could relate to personally ".

Having excelled both in battle and diplomacy Bumin declared himself Illig Qaghan of the new khaganate at Ötüken but died a year later.

Having learned that he is undone, he rose quickly to pull Odin from the fire, but the sword which he had lain upon his knee slipped, fell hilt down, the king stumbled and impaled himself upon it.

Having treated with both parties, and received lavish promises from them, he appears to have hoped to be Emperor himself ; but when the election came, he turned to the winning side and voted for Charles.

Having regained the south-east John split his forces, sending William Longespée to retake the north of side of London and East Anglia, whilst John himself headed north via Nottingham to attack the estates of the northern barons.

Having discovered his talent, at the age of 46, he turned over his parishes to a curate, and gave himself up to the exercise and delight of humor writing for the rest of his life.

Having helped Stalin achieve unchecked power against the Left Opposition, Bukharin found himself easily outmaneuvered by Stalin.

Having defeated and slain Manfred in the great Battle of Benevento, Charles established himself firmly in the kingdom of Sicily at the conclusive Battle of Tagliacozzo, in which Conradin, the last of the house of Hohenstaufen, was taken prisoner.

Having divested himself of every outward symbol of papal dignity, he retired to his old solitude.

* 1870 – Having invaded the Papal States a week earlier, the Italian Army lays siege to Rome, entering the city the next day, after which the Pope described himself as a Prisoner in the Vatican.

Having himself come to power by coup, Saleh has been extremely careful to select Commanders whose loyalty is ensured by tribal bonds.

" Having completed the subjugation of Phoenicia, and a campaign against Egypt, Nebuchadnezzar set himself to rebuild and adorn the city of Babylon, and constructed canals, aqueducts, temples and reservoirs.

Although commonly referred to as simply Robinson Crusoe, the book ’ s complete, original title as it appears on the title page of the first edition is The Life and Strange Surprizing Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, of York, Mariner: Who lived Eight and Twenty Years, all alone in an un-inhabited Island on the Coast of America, near the Mouth of the Great River of Oroonoque ; Having been cast on Shore by Shipwreck, wherein all the Men perished but himself.

Having done so, he secured himself the right to erect a building on his own real property.

Having extricated himself from a mire of contractual difficulties Beefheart emerged with this new album, in 1978, on the Warner Bros label.

Having suffered the loss of his wife and child as well as a severe case of shingles, Landry took an overdose of medication and found himself in the world of his creation.

Having failed to perform Roman masculinity and virtue, Antony's only means with which he might “ write himself into Rome's imperial narrative and position himself at the birth of empire ” is to cast himself in the feminine archetype of the sacrificial virgin ; “ once understands his failed virtus, his failure to be Aeneas, he then tries to emulate Dido ”.

Having proved himself the best of the Irish two-year-olds, he was sent to England in October to contest the Dewhurst Stakes at Newmarket.

Having prepared his army for a renewed attack on Antioch John amused himself by hunting wild boar on Mount Taurus in Cilicia, where, on April 8 1143, he accidentally cut himself on the hand with a poisoned arrow.

Having lost 27 million people in the war, the Soviet Union was determined to destroy Germany's capacity for another war, and pushed for such in wartime conferences.

Having spent the greater part of his early life in the twilight of Nero's reign, his formative years would have been strongly influenced by the political turmoil of the 60s, culminating with the civil war of 69, which brought his family to power.

Having lost its colonial empire, France saw a good opportunity for revenge against Britain in signing an alliance with the Americans in 1778, and sending an army and navy that turned the American Revolution into a world war.

Having lost the civil war, this group remained in existence, with the intention of overthrowing both the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland and achieving the Irish Republic proclaimed in 1916.

Having played a decisive role in the Allied victory against Germany, the USSR emerged as a recognized superpower after the war.

Having served as secretary of war under President Franklin Pierce, he also knew that the South lacked the military and naval resources necessary to defend itself if war were to break out.

Having refused to collaborate with Bonner Fellers in " Operation Blacklist " to exonerate Hirohito and the imperial family of criminal responsibility, he came under suspicion of war crimes.

Having taken control of several European countries through his machinations, he tries to provoke a war between the two fictional nations of Galonia and Toran with the help of the crooked Galonian General Lupo planning to set all the nations of the world at war, but is stopped by Superman.

Having direct access to a body of water provided a route for resupply in times of war, an additional method of transportation in times of peace, and potential drinking water for a besieged castle or fortification.

Having been captured, not surrendered at the end of the war, she survived to become a war memorial at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago.

Having forewarned the Kenites who were living among the Amalekites to leave, Saul went to war and defeated the Amalekites.

Having lost the revenue potential of Haiti while escalating his wars against the rest of Europe, Napoleon gave up on an empire in North America and used the purchase money to help finance France's war campaign on its home front.

Having clamored for a fight for two years, Hearst took credit for the conflict when it came: A week after the United States declared war on Spain, he ran " How do you like the Journal's war?

Having begun the war as the youngest professor in the Commonwealth, Powell ended it as a brigadier.

Having concern over potential British military involvement in the war, on June 15, 1881, Blaine stressed that the conflict be resolved by consent of the Latin American countries involved and that the Peruvian government pay Chile an indemnity rather than cede the contested land.

Having its reputation at stake, Russia had no other choice but to declare war on the Ottomans in April 1877.

Having failed to receive expected supplies from the Americans on credit, Black Hawk wanted to fight, saying his people were " forced into war by being deceived.

Having spent the last six years championing to Hitler sea power as the only way in which Germany could become a world power, Raeder was anxious that the Kriegsmarine be seen as doing more than its share of the fighting to ensure that Hitler would reward the Navy by not cutting its budget after the war.

Having left all they had and having struggled to adapt to a new country and build a life, most of them never came back when the war was over.