A 1954 article by Truffaut attacked La qualité française (" the French Quality ") and was the manifesto for ' la politique des Auteurs ' which Andrew Sarris later termed the auteur theory — resulting in the re-evaluation of Hollywood films and directors such as Alfred Hitchcock, Howard Hawks, Robert Aldrich, Nicholas Ray, Fritz Lang and Anthony Mann.

* Fatah Hawks – The Fatah Hawks was an armed militia active mainly until the mid-90s.

Howard Winchester Hawks ( May 30, 1896December 26, 1977 ) was an American film director, producer and screenwriter of the classic Hollywood era.

In 1975, Hawks was awarded an Honorary Academy Award as " a master American filmmaker whose creative efforts hold a distinguished place in world cinema " and, in 1942, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director for Sergeant York.

Howard Hawks was born in Goshen, Indiana on May 30, 1896.

He was the first-born child of Frank W. Hawks ( 1865 – 1950 ), a wealthy paper manufacturer, and his wife, Helen Howard ( 1872 – 1952 ), the daughter of a wealthy industrialist.

Hawks was the oldest of five children and his birth was followed by Kenneth Neil Hawks ( August 12, 1899-January 2, 1930 ), William Bellinger Hawks ( January 29, 1901-January 10, 1969 ), Grace Louise Hawks ( October 17, 1903-December 23, 1927 ) and Helen Bernice Hawks ( 1906-May 4, 1911 ).

Hawks was an average student at school and did not excel in sports, but by 1910 had discovered coaster racing, an early form of soapbox racing.

From 1910 to 1912 Hawks attended Pasadena High School, where he was again an average student.

Hawks finished his junior year of high school at Citrus Union High School in Glendora., and was then sent to Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire from 1913 to 1914.

In 1914 Hawks was accepted to Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, where he majored in mechanical engineering and was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon.

As always, Hawks was an average student and college friend Ray S. Ashbury remembered him as spending more of his time playing craps and drinking alcohol than studying, although Hawks was also known to be a voracious reader of popular American and English novels in college.

Bobby's younger brother Dennis ( nicknamed " the Silver Jet "), starred alongside him with the Chicago Black Hawks for eight seasons, scoring over 300 goals in his own right.

Frontier's athletics teams are nicknamed the Red Hawks, and the team colors are red and blue.

The high school teams are nicknamed the Hawks.

Its sports teams are nicknamed " The Hawks ".

The trio, nicknamed the " Kid Line " for their inexperience-Primeau was 23, Conacher and Jackson both 18-became an immediate sensation in Toronto, as Conacher scored his first NHL goal in Toronto's opening 2-2 tie with the Chicago Black Hawks on November 14.

Gray Hawks feed mainly on lizards and snakes, but will also take small mammals, birds and frogs.

In October 1925 Sol Wurtzel, William Fox's studio superintendent at the Fox Film Corporation, invited Hawks to join his company with the promise of letting Hawks direct.

A few months after joining Fox Kenneth Hawks was also hired and eventually became one of Fox's top production supervisors.

In March 1927 Hawks signed a new one-year, three picture contract with Fox and was assigned to direct Frazil, based on the play L ' Insoumise by Pierre Frondaie.

Hawks went both over schedule and over budget on the film, which began the rift between him and Sol Wurtzel that would eventually lead to Hawks leaving Fox.

After an advance screening that received positive reviews, Wurtzel told Hawks " This is the worst picture Fox has made in years.

" However, after shooting only a few scenes, Fox shut Hawks down and ordered him to make a silent film, both because of Griffith's voice and because they only owned the legal rights to make a silent film.

Leaving Fox on sour terms didn't help his reputation, but Hawks was one of the few people in Hollywood who never backed down from fights with studio heads.

* Todd McCarthy, Howard Hawks: The Grey Fox of Hollywood, ( Grove Press, 1997 )

* McCarthy, Todd, Howard Hawks: The Grey Fox of Hollywood ( NY: Grove Press, 1997 ), ch.

Gentlemen Prefer Blondes is a 1953 film adaptation of the 1949 stage musical, released by 20th Century Fox, directed by Howard Hawks and starring Marilyn Monroe and Jane Russell, with Charles Coburn, Elliott Reid, Tommy Noonan, Taylor Holmes, and Norma Varden in supporting roles.

On January 2, 1930, while filming sequences for the Fox movie Such Men Are Dangerous, Kenneth Hawks was killed in a mid-air plane crash over the Pacific.

The following year, hired by 20th Century Fox, he worked on several of the studio's 1950s " A " productions, including three Clifton Webb vehicles, Mr. Belvedere Rings the Bell, Elopement ( both 1951 ) and Mister Scoutmaster ( 1953 ), as well as Howard Hawks ' Cary Grant-Ginger Rogers 1952 comedy, Monkey Business, and the 1957 Pat Boone-Shirley Jones musical, April Love.

Howard Hawks: The Grey Fox of Hollywood.

According to the biography Howard Hawks: The Grey Fox of Hollywood, by Todd McCarthy, the director of His Girl Friday considered filming a version of Casino Royale in 1962, possibly starring Cary Grant as James Bond, but, ultimately, chose not to.

* " Grey Fox ", a nickname for Hollywood golden age director Howard Hawks

He was next employed as a prop boy and general assistant on an unspecified film directed by Cecil B. DeMille ( Hawks never named the film in later interviews and DeMille made five films roughly in that time period ).

Before Hawks was called for active duty, he took the opportunity to go back to Hollywood and by the end of April 1917 was working on Cecil B. DeMille's The Little American, where he met and befriended the then eighteen-year-old slate boy James Wong Howe.

Hawks next worked on the Mary Pickford film The Little Princess, directed by Marshall Neilan.

More of a " boy's club " than a production company, the four men gradually drifted apart and went their separate ways by 1923, at which time Hawks decided that he wanted to direct instead of produce.

Hawks accepted and was immediately put in charge of over forty productions, including many literary acquisitions that included works by Joseph Conrad, Jack London and Zane Grey.

In 1926 Hawks was introduced to Athole Shearer by his friend Victor Fleming, who was dating Athole's sister Norma Shearer at the time.

Valli's character was an early yet incomplete example of the Hawkian woman archetype as the sexually aggressive showgirl, while O ' Brien's Michael portrayal of a shy man not interested in sex is a character later elaborated upon by Cary Grant and Gary Cooper in later Hawks films.

Hawks hated the new dialogue written by Hugh Herbert and he refused to participate in the re-shoots.

Griffith's throat had been damaged by poison gas during World War I and his voice was a horse whisper, prompting Hawks to later state " I thought he ought to be great in talking pictures because of that voice.

Hawks's first all sound film was The Dawn Patrol, based on an original story by John Monk Saunders and ( unofficially ) Hawks.

The screenplay was written by Hawks, Seton Miller and Dan Totheroh and starred Richard Barthelmess and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr.

Hawks schrewdly began to hire many of the aviation experts and cameramen that had been employed by Hughes, including Elmer Dyer, Harry Reynolds and Ira Reed.

When Hughes found out about the rival film, he did everything he could to sabotage The Dawn Patrol by harassing Hawks and other studio personal, hiring a spy that was quickly caught and finally suing First National for copyright infringement.

Hawks took the opportunity to accept a directing offer from Harry Cohn at Columbia Pictures: The Criminal Code, based on a successful play by Martin Flavin.

Hawks developed the script with Seton Miller for their eighth and final collaboration and the script was by Miller, Kubec Glasmon, John Bright and Niven Busch.

In these early films, Hawks established the prototypical " Hawksian Man ", which film critic Andrew Sarris described as " upheld by an instinctive professionalism.

The World War I film was based on a short story by author William Faulkner, who Hawks got to know personally during the shooting of the film and remained friends with for over twenty years.