* 1398 – Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana, Spanish politician and poet ( d. 1458 )

French ambassador Marquis de Bonnac being received by Sultan Ahmed III.

* 1655 – Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar, Spanish cardinal and diplomat ( b. 1572 )

A French reconnaissance under the Marquis de Silly went forward to probe the enemy, but were driven off by Allied troops who had deployed to cover the pioneers of the advancing army, labouring to bridge the numerous streams in the area and improve the passage leading westwards to Höchstädt.

In the woods to the left of Lutzingen, seven French battalions under the Marquis de Rozel moved into place.

The village of Oberglauheim was packed with 14 battalions commanded by the Marquis de Blainville ( including the effective Irish Brigade known as the ' Wild Geese ').

Nine battalions occupied the village itself, commanded by the Marquis de Clérambault.

The French commander in the village, the Marquis de Blainville, numbered amongst the heavy casualties.

The Marquis de Gruignan attempted a counter-attack, but he was easily brushed aside by the triumphant Allies.

However, it was not until 21: 00 that the Marquis de Blanzac, who had taken charge in Clérambault's absence, reluctantly accepted the inevitability of defeat, and some 10, 000 of France's best infantry had laid down their arms.

The 20 French and Bavarian battalions in Ramillies, supported by Irish dragoons and a small brigade of Cologne and Bavarian Guards under the Marquis de Maffei, put up a determined defence, initially driving back the attackers with severe losses.

The Marquis de Feuquières writing after the battle described the scene – " They advanced in four lines … As they approached they advanced their second and fourth lines into the intervals of their first and third lines ; so that when they made their advance upon us, they formed only one front, without any intermediate spaces.

The Marquis de Maffei attempted one last stand with his Bavarian and Cologne Guards, but it proved in vain.

" Meanwhile, Overkirk took the port of Ostend on 4 July thus opening a direct route to the English Channel for communication and supply, but the Allies were making scant progress against Dendermonde whose governor, the Marquis de Valée, was stubbornly resisting.

The town was retaken by the Duke of Savoy in 1630 ; and in 1691 it was captured by the troops of the Marquis de Vins during the War of the League of Augsburg.

And though, on orders from the hanging Committee and the Marquis de Chennevières, Pissarro's paintings of Pontoise for example had been skyed, hung near the ceiling, this did not prevent Jules-Antoine Castagnary from noting that the qualities of his paintings had been observed by art lovers.

* The 120 Days of Sodom, a novel by the Marquis de Sade, is replete with detailed descriptions of erotic sadomasochistic coprophagia.

The earliest record of somnambulistic clairvoyance is credited to the Marquis de Puységur, a follower of Mesmer, who in 1784 was treating a local dull-witted peasant named Victor Race.

* 1776 – Marquis de Lafayette arranges to enter the American military as a major general.

* 1814 – Marquis de Sade, French writer ( b. 1740 )

In 1824 Poe served as the lieutenant of the Richmond youth honor guard as Richmond celebrated the visit of the Marquis de Lafayette.

He was " one of the first Esprits cavaliers of the age ," a man of broad knowledge, an expert in Newtonianism, architecture and music and a friend of most of the leading authors of his times: Voltaire, Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d ' Argens, Pierre-Louis de Maupertuis and the atheïst Julien Offray de La Mettrie.

Despite ordering a cease fire, which prevented a mutual massacre, Governor Marquis Bernard de Launay was beaten, stabbed and decapitated ; his head was placed on a pike and paraded about the city.

The Marquis de Sade used a Gothic framework for some of his fiction, notably The Misfortunes of Virtue and Eugenie de Franval, though the marquis himself never thought of his work as such.

Notable among these were John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, and the Marquis de Sade.

In the book Imperfect garden: the legacy of humanism, humanist philosopher Tzvetan Todorov identifies individualism as an important current of socio-political thought within modernity and as examples of it he mentions Michel de Montaigne, François de La Rochefoucauld, Marquis de Sade, and Charles Baudelaire In La Rochefoucauld, he identifies a tendency similar to stoicism in which " the honest person works his being in the manner of an sculptor who searches the liberation of the forms which are inside a block of marble, to extract the truth of that matter.

The case of the Marquis de Sade ( imprisoned 1777 – 1790 under a lettre de cachet obtained by his wealthy and influential mother-in-law ) is a prominent example.

* Marquis de Sade

* Thomas, D. " The Marquis de Sade ".

In 1971, the Arab-American scholar Ihab Hassan published The Dismemberment of Orpheus: Toward a Postmodern Literature, an early work of literary criticism from a postmodern perspective, in which the author traces the development of what he calls " literature of silence " through Marquis de Sade, Franz Kafka, Ernest Hemingway, Beckett, and many others, including developments such as the Theatre of the Absurd and the nouveau roman.

Laura may have been Laura de Noves, the wife of Count Hugues de Sade ( an ancestor of the Marquis de Sade ).

It is based on the book, The 120 Days of Sodom, by the Marquis de Sade.

Category: Films based on works by Marquis de Sade

Thought of as the effort of humanity to liberate imagination as an act of insurrection against society, Surrealism finds precedents in the alchemists, possibly Dante, Hieronymus Bosch, Marquis de Sade, Charles Fourier, Comte de Lautreamont and Arthur Rimbaud.

This " reflection on the destructive aspect of progress " proceeded through chapter which treated rationality as both the liberation from and further domination of nature, interpretations of both Homer ’ s Odyssey and the Marquis de Sade, as well as analyses of the culture industry and anti-semitism.

* Marquis de Sade, French writer and philosopher

* June 2 – Marquis de Sade, French author ( d. 1814 )

Though its roots may be traced back as far as the Enlightenment ( Marquis de Sade ) and the Victorian era ( Algernon Charles Swinburne's scandalous Poems and Ballads of 1866 ).

Desclos claims she wrote the novel as a series of love letters to her lover Jean Paulhan, who had admired the work of the Marquis de Sade.

The couple also took a mutual interest in the work of such authors as the Marquis de Sade ( 1740 – 1814 ), Fyodor Dostoyevsky ( 1821 – 1881 ), Franz Kafka ( 1883 – 1924 ) and Jean Genet ( 1910 – 1986 ), all of whose works explored the themes of sex and violence.

At Uppsala, he was appointed a Reader in French, meaning that he was responsible for teaching both French language and literature, giving courses on such topics as " The Conception of Love in French Literature from the Marquis de Sade to Jean Genet.

Though most of Provence, with the exception of Marseille, Aix and Avignon, was rural, conservative and largely royalist, it did produce some memorable figures in the French Revolution ; Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau from Aix, who tried to moderate the Revolution, and turn France into a constitutional monarchy like England ; the Marquis de Sade from Lacoste in the Luberon, who was a Deputy from the far left in the National Assembly ; Charles Barbaroux from Marseille, who sent a battalion of volunteers to Paris to fight in the French Revolutionary Army ; and Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès ( 1748 – 1836 ), an abbé, essayist and political leader, who was one of the chief theorists of the French Revolution, French Consulate, and First French Empire, and who, in 1799, was the instigator of the coup d ' état of 18 Brumaire, which brought Napoleon to power.

This book popularized the terms sadism ( derived from the brutal sexual practices depicted in the novels of Marquis de Sade ) and masochism ( derived from the name of Leopold von Sacher-Masoch ), although these terms apparently were in use prior to its publication.

Marquis de Sade was briefly imprisoned in the Château de Saumur ( then a jail ) in 1768

* Peter Weiss's Marat / Sade ( The Persecution and Assassination of Jean-Paul Marat as Performed by the Inmates of the Asylum of Charenton Under the Direction of the Marquis de Sade ) was first performed in West Berlin in 1964 and in New York City a year later.