* 1814 – Nominal beginning of the Bourbon Restoration ; anniversary date that Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to Elba.

* 1726 – Charles Burney, English historian ( d. 1814 )

* 1814 – American Indian Wars: the Creek sign the Treaty of Fort Jackson, giving up huge parts of Alabama and Georgia.

* 1814 – The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, is signed in London, England.

* 1752 – Maria Carolina of Austria ( d. 1814 )

* 1814 – Anders Jonas Ångström, Swedish physicist ( d. 1874 )

* Haliotis cracherodii Leach, 1814 – the black abalone

* Haliotis rubra Leach, 1814 – the ruber abalone

** Haliotis rubra rubra Leach, 1814 – synonym: Haliotis ancile the shield abalone

* Haliotis scalaris ( Leach, 1814 ) – the staircase abalone or ridged ear abalone

* 1814 – Esther Morris, American jurist ( d. 1902 )

* 1814 – James Roosevelt Bayley, American archbishop ( d. 1877 )

* 1814 – British troops invade Washington, D. C. and during the Burning of Washington the White House is set ablaze, though not burned to the ground ; as well as several other buildings.

In European Spain, or just " the Peninsula " in the jargon of the Spains, after economic and human ravages of the Napoleonic Invasion ( 1808 ) and the War of Liberation ( 1808 – 1814 ) there ensued the aforementioned Latinamerican conflicts, in addition to the Carlist wars, the liberal-conservative wars, and the bleeding of people and resources into Latin America.

* 1814 – Erastus Brigham Bigelow, American inventor ( d. 1879 )

* 1814 – Sheridan Le Fanu, Irish authoer ( d. 1873 )

* 1814 – Dimitri Kipiani, Georgian politician and writer ( d. 1887 )

* 1814 – Josif Pančić, Serbian botanist ( d. 1888 )

Their first child, Maria ( 1814 – 1825 ), was born after they moved to Hartshead.

On her return to Haworth, she met William Weightman ( 1814 – 1842 ), her father's new curate, who started work in the parish in August 1839.

* 1814 – Louis Amédée Achard, French novelist ( d. 1875 )

* 1814 – Henri Nestlé, German businessman, founded Nestlé ( d. 1890 )

* 1814 – The Treaty of Fontainebleau ends the War of the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon Bonaparte, and forces him to abdicate unconditionally for the first time.

* 1814 – Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, English philanthropist ( d. 1906 )

He was crowned Emperor of the French and ruled from 1804 – 1814, 1815.

* June 2 – Marquis de Sade, French author ( d. 1814 )

The couple also took a mutual interest in the work of such authors as the Marquis de Sade ( 1740 – 1814 ), Fyodor Dostoyevsky ( 1821 – 1881 ), Franz Kafka ( 1883 – 1924 ) and Jean Genet ( 1910 – 1986 ), all of whose works explored the themes of sex and violence.

Marie-Jean-Baptiste-Benoît de Montfort ( 1784 – 1839 ), 2nd Marquis of Chardonnay, Sire de La Marne, de La Malloniere, de Bicherel, who married D. Joana de Lima Barreto Coelho ( London, 1814 ), with succession.

* The son of the Marquis de Sade had all of de Sade's unpublished manuscripts burned after de Sade's death in 1814 ; this included the immense multi-volume work Les Journées de Florbelle.

The first were Prince Regent and Salamanca, built in 1812, then Willington ( 1813 ) and Marquis Wellington ( 1814 ).

* Donatien Alphonse François, Marquis de Sade ( 1740 – 1814 ), a French aristocrat, revolutionary, politician and writer famous for his libertine sexuality and lifestyle

* Marquis de Sade ( 1740 – 1814 ), a French aristocrat, author and namesake for the term Sadism

Don Juan Prim, Marquis of los Castillejos, Grandee of Spain, Count of Reus, Viscount of the Bruch ) ( 12 December 1814 in Reus, Spain – 30 December 1870 in Madrid ) was a Spanish general and statesman.

Famous prisoners were held in the Charenton asylum including Latude, the Comte de Sanois and Marquis de Sade ( from 1801 until his death in 1814 at the age of 74 ).

It was the birthplace of Pedro Gómez Labrador, Marquis of Labrador, who represented Spain at the Congress of Vienna ( 1814 – 1815 ).

Manuel Pavía y Lacy, 1st Marquis de Novaliches ( July 6, 1814 in Granada – October 22, 1896 in Madrid ), Spanish marshal, was born at Granada on the 6th of July 1814.

:* La Résistance de 1814, by Antoine Étex

* 12 October 1813 – 12 February 1814 José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia y Velasco ( 1st time )

* 12 February 1814 – 12 June 1814 Fulgencio Yegros y Franco de Torres

* 12 June 1814 – 3 October 1814 José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia y Velasco ( 2nd time ); he stayed on as " supreme dictator " 3 October 1814 – 20 September 1840 ( from 6 June 1816 styled " perpetual supreme dictator ")

The cynical attitude toward recruited infantry in the face of ever more powerful field artillery is the source of the term cannon fodder, first used by François-René de Chateaubriand, in 1814 ; however, the concept of regarding soldiers as nothing more than " food for powder " was mentioned by William Shakespeare as early as 1598, in Henry IV, Part 1.

* 1814 – Charles Joseph, Prince de Ligne, Belgian-born Austrian field marshal ( b. 1735 )

Although he did not make known his intention when creating the plates, art historians view them as a visual protest against the violence of the 1808 Dos de Mayo Uprising, the subsequent Peninsular War of 1808 – 14 and the setbacks to the liberal cause following the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in 1814.

* 1753 – Évariste de Parny, French poet ( d. 1814 )

Aside from Hoffmann and de la Motte Fouqué, three other important authors from the era were Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff ( The Marble Statue, 1819 ), Ludwig Achim von Arnim ( Die Majoratsherren, 1819 ) and Adelbert von Chamisso ( Peter Schlemihls wundersame Geschichte, 1814 ).

File: El dos de mayo de 1808 en Madrid. jpg | Francisco de Goya, 1814, The Second of May 1808, Museo del Prado, Madrid

Just after independence was achieved, Paraguay was governed from 1814 by the dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, who closed the borders of the country and prohibited trade or any relation with the exterior until his death in 1840.

* 1814 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina.

By the Treaty of Paris in 1814, the " Isle de France " which was renamed Mauritius was ceded to Great Britain, together with Rodrigues and the Seychelles.

Three years after Paraguay overthrew Spanish authority and gained its independence, the country's economy was controlled by the autarchic policies of José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia ( 1814 – 40 ), who closed the young nation's borders to virtually all international trade.

Thus, when Thomas Young, foreign secretary of the Royal Society of London, wrote to him about the stone in 1814, Silvestre de Sacy suggested in reply that in attempting to read the hieroglyphic text, Young might look for cartouches that ought to contain Greek names and try to identify phonetic characters in them.

* René Claude Geoffroy de Villeneuve, L ’ Afrique ou Histoire, mœurs, usages et coutumes des Africains: le Sénégal, orné de 44 planches exécutées la plupart d ' après des dessins originaux inédits faits sur les lieux, Paris, Nepveu, 1814.

* 1814 – Charles Étienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, French writer, archaeologist, and historian ( d. 1874 )

The film opens on Château de Fontainebleau in 1814.