The Afroasiatic language family is usually considered to include the following branches:

( These are estimates, depending on what is considered a language and what is considered a dialect.

In fact, no attempt to show a relationship with Ainu to any other language has gained wide acceptance, and Ainu is currently considered to be a language isolate.

Though the U. S. federal government has no official language, English is the common language used by the federal government and is considered the de facto language of the United States because of its widespread use.

In the 1960s Whorf's views fell out of favor and he became the subject of harsh criticisms by scholars who considered language structure to primarily reflect cognitive universals rather than cultural differences.

The now-extinct Old Prussian language has been considered the most archaic of the Baltic languages.

** New Curonian ( nearly extinct ; often considered a separate language, but mutually intelligible to Latvian )

Few of those of the 15-19 year-old age-group spoke Breton, which is now considered to be an endangered language.

Recent linguistic research suggests that all of Africa's major language groupings south of the Sahara Desert ( except Khoisan, which is not considered a valid genetic grouping anyway ), i. e. the Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan and Niger – Congo phyla, originated in prehistoric times in a narrow band between Lake Chad and the Nile Valley.

Strictly speaking, loanwords from another language are not considered cognates.

Geikie, a Scottish-born Canadian, reflected the Anglocentric attitude that would be prevalent in Canada for the next hundred years when he referred to the language as " a corrupt dialect ", in comparison to what he considered the proper English spoken by immigrants from Britain.

* Cartridge ( surname ), a surname in the English language, and is considered to be an English surname

Formal constraints not captured by the grammar are then considered to be part of the " semantics " of the language.

However, the best modern analysis of the sources of the creed ( by A. de Halleux, in Revue Theologique de Louvain 7, 1976 ) and a reading of the acts, or proceedings, of the council ( recently translated into English ) show that the bishops considered Cyril the great authority and that even the language of ' two natures ' derives from him.

Conversely, in the English language as a whole, singular verb forms can often be used with nouns ending in "- s " that were once considered plural ( for example: " Physics is my favorite academic subject ").

Though once a considered a dialect of Punjabi, it is considered a separate language now.

Macedonian, although mutually intelligible with Bulgarian, certain dialects of Serbian and to a lesser extent the rest of the South Slavic dialect continuum is considered by Bulgarian linguists to be a Bulgarian dialect, in contrast with the contemporary international view, and the view in the Republic of Macedonia which regards it as a language in its own right.

The US state of Illinois declared " American " to be the state's official language in 1923, although linguists and politicians throughout much of the rest of the country considered American simply to be a dialect.

An object model language standard ( by the Object Data Management Group ) that has influenced the design of some of the newer query languages like JDOQL and EJB QL, though they cannot be considered as different flavors of OQL.

Saussure is considered one of the fathers of structuralism when he explained that terms get their meaning in reciprocal determination with other terms inside language

Although perestroika was considered bold in the context of Soviet history, Gorbachev's attempts at economic reform were not radical enough to restart the country's chronically sluggish economy in the late 1980s.

He is considered " the architect " of a new brand of socialist thinking, having developed Socialism with Chinese characteristics and led Chinese economic reform through a synthesis of theories that became known as the " socialist market economy ".

This coalition was ruled out, because the FDP considered the Social Democrats and the Greens insufficiently committed to market-oriented economic reform.

His propositions of legal reform ( which were not established in his life time ), though, are considered to have been one of the influences behind the Napoleonic Code, and therefore could show some resemblance with or influence in the drafting of other liberal constitutions that came in the centuries after Bacon's lifetime, such as the American.

Although much of his legal reform proposals were not established in his life time, his legal legacy was considered by the magazine New Scientist, in a publication of 1961, as having influenced the drafting of the Code Napoleon, and the law reforms introduced by Sir Robert Peel.

Another view is that Zwingli did not pay much attention to Luther's theology and in fact he considered it as part of the humanist reform movement.

An additional topic considered in this book is the science reform movement of the late 1970s that resulted in the introduction of a named science degree, thus facilitating the subsequent inclusion of other named degrees in addition to the traditional BA.

It is generally considered that the point of such learning is to enable one to put one's faith into practice ; some Presbyterians generally exhibit their faith in action as well as words, by generosity, hospitality, and the constant pursuit of social justice and reform, as well as proclaiming the gospel of Christ.

From the beginning of times, W had in Swedish been considered as a mere decoration of V. In Swedish typography, blackletter ( fraktur ) used W where antiqua used V. With orthographic standardization and spelling reform, W was abandoned except for some family names and a few loan words such as whisky, whist, wienerbröd and wobbler ( also spelled visky and vobbler ).

In Victorian times earnestness was considered to be the over-riding societal value, originating in religious attempts to reform the lower classes, it spread to the upper ones too throughout the century.

Some historians have emphasized Grant's responsibility for the corruption, while others have considered this exaggeration, and stress Grant's establishment of Civil Service reform and abolishment of the moiety system.

Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Huldrych Zwingli are considered Magisterial Reformers because their reform movements were supported by ruling authorities or " magistrates ".

Beside Dupont de l ' Eure, the provisional government was dominated by liberals such as Lamartine ( Foreign Affairs ), Ledru-Rollin ( Interior ), Crémieux ( Justice ), Burdeau ( War ), etc., because it was pursuing political reform at the expense of the socio-economic reform, which Proudhon considered basic.

Built by a congregation of abolitionists and financed in part by Richard Hunt, the chapel had been the scene of many reform lectures, and was considered the only large building in the area that would open its doors to a women's rights convention.

Its inception is believed to be a response to Hindu reform movements, which were considered a threat to vulnerable and non-practicing Muslims.

In substance, the railroad regulatory reform legislation, in the 1970-1980 period, turned toward greater use of market systems to deal with the problems of the rail industry in the United States, rather than resorting to nationalization, which had been considered from time to time.

Thus, the rejection of the reform by more than 52 % of the voters was widely considered to be mostly motivated by weariness with de Gaulle, and ultimately provoked his resignation that year.

Peel was concerned primarily with preserving the institutions of government, and he considered reform as an occasional necessary evil to preclude the possibility of much more radical or tumultuous actions.

The Wuhan government's subsequent land reform policies were considered provocative enough to influence various KMT-aligned generals to attack Wang's regime, suppressing it.

The group's intention was to reform art by rejecting what they considered to be the mechanistic approach first adopted by the Mannerist artists who succeeded Raphael and Michelangelo.

Residents of the newly formed borough had sought to disassociate themselves from the Overbrook County Insane Asylum and the Newark City Home ( a reform school ), as well as from the settlement of Cedar Grove, which was considered a settlement of farmers.

Although Paul Volcker “ had changed his position ” on Glass-Steagall reform “ considerably ” during the 1980s, he was still “ considered a conservative among the board members .” With Greenspan as Chairman, the Federal Reserve Board “ spoke with one voice ” in joining the FDIC and OCC in calling for Glass-Steagall repeal.

Paul Volcker gave his 1991 testimony as Congress considered repealing Glass-Steagall sections 20 and 32 as part of a broader Bush Administration proposal to reform financial regulation.

Reflecting the process Paul Volcker had described, as financial reform legislation was considered throughout 1997 and early 1998, Congressional Quarterly reported how different interests groups blocked legislation and sought regulatory advantages.