The oldest of these is the French Federation of Speleology ( originally Société de spéléologie ) founded by Édouard-Alfred Martel in 1895, which produced the first periodical journal in speleology, Spelunca.

Such disdain did not prevent the Société des Peintres Orientalistes (" Society of Orientalist Painters ") being founded in 1893, with Jean-Léon Gérôme as honorary president ; the word was less often used as a term for artists in 19th century England.

** Austrian East India Company, a series of companies going under the names of Société impériale asiatique de Trieste et Anvers, or Société asiatique de Trieste, based in Ostend and Trieste, founded 1775 by William Bolts and ceased 1785

He was able to hear Beethoven's works through the performances of the Société des Concerts du Conservatoire, an orchestra founded by François Antoine Habeneck and his colleagues to promote modern orchestral music.

Due to family discord, Armand Peugeot in 1896 founded the Société des Automobiles Peugeot.

The Union Minière du Haut Katanga founded the Société Générale Métallurgique de Hoboken in Olen, which was established along the Iron Rhine and the Albert Canal.

In 1921 a group of Belgian banks, the Mutuelle Mobilière & Immobilière, the Société Générale de Belgique, the Banque de Bruxelles and the Financière de Transport together with the American group Libbey-Owens founded the Cie Internationale pour la fabrication mécanique de Verre in Mol Gompel.

That same year, Man Ray, Katherine Dreier, and Duchamp founded the Société Anonyme, an itinerant collection that was the first museum of modern art in the U. S.

* Société Anonyme de Gérance et d ' Armement, the French state shipping line founded in 1919.

SACD, founded as Société des Auteurs et Compositeurs Dramatiques () on 7 March 1829, is a French collecting society, undertaking collective rights management for authors.

The French Société Philadelphique was founded in Nîmes in 1843.

It was founded in 1930 by Marcel Bloch as Société des Avions Marcel Bloch or " MB ".

The Société des Avions Marcel Bloch was founded by Marcel Bloch in 1930.

In Denmark, the Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab ( also known as La Société Royale des Antiquaires du Nord or the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries ) was founded at Copenhagen in 1825.

In 1895 Martel founded the Société de Spéléologie, the first organization devoted to cave science in the world.

The Renault corporation was founded in 1899 as Société Renault Frères by Louis Renault and his brothers Marcel and Fernand.

Encouraged by the development of these cars and consequent customer demand, he founded the Société Anonyme des Automobiles Alpine in 1954.

* 1946-Jean Rédélé finishes a trading school ( HEC, one of the best at this time ) and founded in Dieppe a company that he called " Société des Grands garages de Normandie " on December, 17th in premises that he hired to his father, in order to sell Renault cars.

As a dedication to this event he chooses the name " Société des Automobiles Alpine " for the new founded company to develop cars on his own.

Educated at the École Polytechnique, Deutsch was a pioneer in the field of aerodynamics, and founded the SERA-CD vehicle engineering Research and Development Company ( Société d ’ Etudes et de Réalisations Automobiles-Charles Deutsch ).

* The Société de Musique de Chambre de Genève is founded by Frank Martin.

Puvis de Chavannes was president and co-founder in 1890 of the Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts ( National Society of Fine Arts ) founded in Paris.

Simca ( Société Industrielle de Mécanique et Carrosserie Automobile ) ( Industrial Society of Mechanical and Automotive Body ) was a French automaker, founded in November 1934 by Fiat.

* 1922 – Freddie Laker, English businessman, founded Laker Airways ( d. 2006 )

* 1866 – Giovanni Agnelli, Italian businessman, founded Fiat S. p. A ( d. 1945 )

* 1811 – Elisha Otis, American inventor and businessman, founded the Otis Elevator Company ( d. 1861 )

* 1934 – Jonas Savimbi, Angolan political leader, founded UNITA ( d. 2002 )

The main scholarly outlet has been the journal Annales d ' Histoire Economique et Sociale (" Annals of economic and social history "), founded in 1929 by Lucien Febvre and Marc Bloch, which broke radically with traditional historiography by insisting on the importance of taking all levels of society into consideration and emphasized the collective nature of mentalities.

* 1940 – Gudrun Ensslin, German militant leader, founded Red Army Faction ( d. 1977 )

* 1868 – Bernarr Macfadden, American bodybuilder, author, and publisher, founded Macfadden Publications ( d. 1955 )

* 1883 – Coco Chanel, French fashion designer, founded the Chanel Company ( d. 1971 )

* 1936 – Giridharilal Kedia, Indian businessman, founded the Image Institute of Technology & Management ( d. 2009 )

* 1840 – Alexander Cameron Sim, Scottish pharmacist and businessman, founded Kobe Regatta & Athletic Club ( d. 1900 )

* 1913 – Jack Dreyfus, American businessman, founded the Dreyfus Corporation ( d. 2009 )

* 1876 – Charles F. Kettering, American engineer and businessman, founded Delco Electronics ( d. 1958 )

* 1720 – Samuel Whitbread, English politician and brewer, founded Whitbread ( d. 1796 )

* 1812 – Agoston Haraszthy Hungarian-American traveler, writer, and winemaker, founded Buena Vista Winery ( d. 1869 )

* 1937 – Bruce McLaren, New Zealand race car driver, founded the McLaren racing team ) ( d. 1970 )

In the Islamic times, a pseudo-etymology was produced by the historian Ahmad ibn Yahya al-Baladhuri ( d. 892 ) quoting a folk story that the town was presumably founded by one " Abbad bin Hosayn " from the Arabian Tribe of Banu Tamim, who established a garrison there during the governorship of Hajjaj in the Ummayad period.

* 1932 – Izzy Asper, Canadian lawyer, businessman, and politician, founded Canwest ( d. 2003 )

* 1814 – Henri Nestlé, German businessman, founded Nestlé ( d. 1890 )

* 1821 – Jay Cooke, American financier, founded Jay Cooke & Company ( d. 1905 )

* 1897 – John W. Galbreath, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Darby Dan Farm ( d. 1988 )

* 1909 – Leo Fender, American businessman, founded Fender Musical Instruments Corporation ( d. 1991 )

* 1928 – Jimmy Dean, American singer, actor, and businessman, founded the Jimmy Dean Food Company ( d. 2010 )

* 1933 – Keith Duckworth, English engineer, founded Cosworth ( d. 2005 )

* 1821 – Louis Vuitton, French fashion designer, founded Louis Vuitton ( d. 1892 )

* 1915 – Warren Avis, American businessman, founded Avis Rent a Car System ( d. 2007 )