As the term ' knight ' became increasingly confined to denoting a social rank the military role of fully armoured cavalryman gained a separate term, ' man-at-arms '.

It was not until well after Custer had been promoted to the rank of brevet brigadier general that he gained the approval of Judge Bacon.

Magic spells gain improved chances of success and better strength when rank is gained in them also, and this is done on a spell-by-spell basis ( e. g. character is a fire mage and has improved his skill to rank 6 in Fireball, but rank 0 in many other spells of his magic college which he considers less important ).

At the Council of Florence, held in Ferrara ( 1438 ) and then Florence ( 1439 – 1445 ), Bessarion supported the Roman church and gained the favour of Pope Eugene IV, who invested him with the rank of cardinal at a consistory of 18 December 1439.

At the storming of Constantine, Algeria, Niel led the engineer detachment with one of the storming parties, and his conduct gained for him the rank of chef de bataillon in 1837.

Dumouriez then visited Italy and Corsica, Spain and Portugal, and his memoranda to the duc de Choiseul on Corsican affairs at the time of the Corsican Republic led to his re-employment on the staff of the French expeditionary corps sent to the island, for which he gained the rank of lieutenant-colonel.

On 18 January 1884 all provinces gained the rights to the rank of duchy and the arms can be represented with a ducal coronet.

The city gained the rank of Alcadía Mayor in 1577 which gave it authority over much of Chiapas north of it.

Barrios joined with the rebels in Quetzaltenango, and soon proved himself a capable military leader, and in time gained the rank of general in the rebel army.

Almost every step of his promotion was gained on the field of battle, and in 1844 the duc d ' Aumale himself asked for Cavaignac's promotion to the rank of maréchal de camp.

He first joined the Japanese sponsored police force at the rank of keibuho ( assistant inspector ), where he claimed to have gained his first experience in the intelligence work so central to his presidency (" Criminal matters became a secondary problem ," Suharto remarked, " what was most important were matters of a political kind ").

With wigs virtually obligatory garb for men with social rank, wigmakers gained considerable prestige.

Freyberg gained promotion to the rank of temporary Brigadier General ( although he still had the permanent rank of only Captain ) and took command of a brigade in the 58th Division in April 1917, which reportedly made him the youngest general officer in the British Army.

' He also served in the Iranian Army, where he gained the rank of gunnery sergeant under Qajar Prince Abdol Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma's command.

In 1990 the Prince gained the rank of first lieutenant of the reserve, and in 1992 he was appointed Captain of the reserve.

This situation finally gained official acceptance in 403 BC, when King Weilie of Zhou elevated the three houses to Marquess rank and accepted their rule over most of the Jin state's territories as independent states.

He was mentioned in dispatches and gained the rank of Lieutenant Colonel.

In 1914, Liu joined Sun Yat-sen's party and gained extensive military experience, starting out as a company commander, then as chief of staff of a brigade, later attaining the rank of colonel.

He also raised troops for the War of Independence and eventually gained the rank of captain in the Pennsylvania militia by 1777, having participated in several battles.

Suvorov himself gained the rank of " prince of the House of Savoy " from the king of Sardinia.

Over the years various political and military factions have tried to dissolve the unique selection criteria process of the regiments over a fear that loyalty to the regiment or its ethnic people opposed to loyalty to the union of India and have succeeded somewhat with the creation of caste-less, religion-less, non-regional regiments, such as the Brigade of Guards & Parachute Regiment, but have generally met with little success or gained popular support amongst the rank and file Jawans.

The most important are those on the duchesse de Montausier ( 1672 ), which gained him the membership of the Académie française, the duchesse d ' Aiguillon ( 1675 ), and, above all, Marshal Turenne ( 1676 ).

It gained much notoriety for its use at both Dunkirk and later Stalingrad, where it caused enormous destruction under Field Marshal Wolfram von Richthofen's VIII Air Corps.

For these victories he gained the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union.

On 11 March 1955, Grechko, along with five other high-ranking colleagues, all of whom had gained recognition during World War II, were promoted to the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union.

With Italy exerting further control over its North African holdings, including the appointment of Marshal of the Air Force Italo Balbo as Governor-General and the joining of Italian Cyrenaica and Italian Tripolitania into a single colony, Libya, the event gained even more spectacle.

In the years between that story and La Cousine Bette, he became the Count of Forzheim ; in a letter to the Constitutionnel, Balzac described how Marshal Hulot gained this title.

Mikolaj became Marshal of Lithuania, Grand Chancellor of Lithuania, as well as Palatine of Vilnius, gained immense wealth and became the most powerful magnate in the Commonwealth of that time.

Marshal extended and modernised the castle, drawing on his knowledge of warfare gained in France and the Crusades.

He moved to Los Angeles in 1946 and later gained fame as a film and TV actor under the name James Arness, best known as Marshal Matt Dillon in TV's Gunsmoke.

First established in 1827 as the Advance Officers ' Class of the Imperial Russian Navy and later the Nikolayev Naval Academy and reorganized as the Petrograd Maritime Academy in 1917, and at various times renamed as the WPRF Naval Academy, the Marshal of the Soviet Union Kliment Voroshilov Naval Academy and the Marshal of the Soviet Union Andrei Grechko Naval Academy, it gained its current name and title in 1990.

Abdias Maurel ( before 1702 – April 22, 1705 ), Camisard leader, became a cavalry officer in the French army and gained distinction in Italy ; here he served under Marshal Catinat, and on this account he himself is sometimes known as Catinat.

In 790 he was named abbot of Centulum, also called Sancti Richarii monasterium ( Saint-Riquier ) in northern France, where his brilliant rule gained for him later the renown of a saint.

In 1893 Maillol opened a tapestry workshop in Banyuls, producing works whose high technical and aesthetic quality gained him recognition for renewing this art form in France.

Relations between the Republic of Vanuatu and Cuba began shortly after the former gained its independence from France and the United Kingdom in 1980, and began establishing its own foreign policy as a newly independent state.

Morocco gained independence from France on 2 March 1956.

She gained entrance to Marat's house on the pretense of presenting him a list of people who should be executed as enemies of France.

A movement for increased autonomy from France gained momentum in the 70s and 80s, along with the increasing success of the Parti Socialiste Guyanais.

By the 18th century, the term had gained its now common usage in France, and had begun to be used to refer purely to books of magic, which Owen Davies presumed was because " many of them continued to circulate in Latin manuscripts.

With the resources thus gained he undertook to enable Philip V to carry out an ambitious foreign policy to undo the Treaty of Utrecht, with the aim of countering the Habsburgs and recovering Spanish possessions in Italy, where he was responsible for unwarranted invasions of Sardinia ( November 1717, strongly supported by Sardinian politician Vicente Bacallar ) and Sicily ( July 1718 ), in spite of promises made to the Pope, while pressing Spanish causes in France with the Cellamare Conspiracy.

Germany's middle class, based in the cities, grew exponentially, although it never gained the political power it had in France, Britain or the United States.

This party eventually gained overwhelming power in the Convention and governed France during the Reign of Terror.

As a philosophy, libertinism gained new-found adherents in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, particularly in France and Britain.

He gained experience as an executive as the Governor of Virginia and rose to national prominence as a diplomat in France, when he helped negotiate the Louisiana Purchase in 1803.

According to the Language Portal of Canada, " this fairly new tradition has gained in popularity in France, Great Britain, Jamaica and Brazil ", although this information has not been confirmed with authoritative sources from these countries.

Lebanon gained independence in 1943, while France was occupied by Germany.

The Mali Federation gained independence from France on 20 June 1960.

In July 1461, Pius II canonized Saint Catherine of Siena, and in October of the same year he gained at first what appeared to be a brilliant success by inducing the new King of France, Louis XI, to abolish the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, by which the Pope's authority in France had been grievously impaired.

The German Empire held 2. 5 million prisoners ; Russia held 2. 9 million, and Britain and France held about 720, 000, mostly gained in the period just before the Armistice in 1918.

Congo-Brazzaville gained autonomy on the November 28, 1958 and independence from France on the August 15, 1960.

Djibouti finally gained its independence from France in 1977, and Hassan Gouled Aptidon, a Somali who had campaigned for a yes vote in the referendum of 1958, eventually wound up as Djibouti's first president ( 1977 – 1991 ).

Iraq successfully gained some military and financial aid, as well as diplomatic and moral support, from the Soviet Union, China, France, and the United States, which together feared the prospects of the expansion of revolutionary Iran's influence in the region.

Togo gained its independence from France in 1960.

Meanwhile, existing victorious Allies such as France, Belgium, Italy, Greece and Romania gained territories, while new states were created out of the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Russian and Ottoman Empires.

Elsewhere the Belgian Congo and other African nations gained their independence from France, Belgium and the United Kingdom.

* 1003: Robert II of France invades the Duchy of Burgundy, then ruled by Otto-William, Duke of Burgundy ; the initial invasion is unsuccessful, but Robert II eventually gained the acceptance of the Roman Catholic Church in 1016 and annexed Burgundy into his realm.