Babylonia or Chaldea in the Hellenistic world came to be so identified with astrology that " Chaldean wisdom " became among Greeks and Romans the synonym of divination through the planets and stars.

The Hermetic literature added to the Egyptian concerns with conjuring spirits and animating statues that inform the oldest texts, Hellenistic writings of Greco-Babylonian astrology and the newly developed practice of alchemy ( Fowden 1993: pp65 – 68 ).

Nothing is said in either poem about Hellenistic astrology.

Practice relies primarily on the sidereal zodiac, which is different from the tropical zodiac used in Western ( Hellenistic ) astrology in that an ayanamsa adjustment is made for the gradual precession of the vernal equinox.

Hindu astrology includes several nuanced sub-systems of interpretation and prediction with elements not found in Hellenistic astrology, such as its system of lunar mansions ( nakshatras ).

It was only after the transmission of Hellenistic astrology that the order of planets in India was fixed in that of the seven-day week.

The tropical system was adopted during the Hellenistic period and remains prevalent in western astrology.

Classical Hellenistic astrology consequently developed without consideration of the effects of precession.

The concept of the zodiac originated in Babylonian astrology, and was later influenced by Hellenistic culture.

When they became part of the astrology of the Hellenistic Age, each decan was associated with ten degrees of the zodiac. Texts from the second century BC list predictions relating to the positions of planets in zodiac signs at the time of the rising of certain decans, particularly Sothis.

With this, what historican Nicholas Campion calls, " the innovative energy " in astrology moved west to the Hellenistic world of Greece and Egypt.

They also developed the list of Hellenistic lots to the extent that they became historically known as Arabic parts, for which reason it is often wrongly claimed that the Arabic astrologers invented their use, whereas they are clearly known to have been an important feature of Hellenistic astrology.

The documented history of Jyotish in the subsequent newer sense of modern horoscopic astrology is associated with the interaction of Indian and Hellenistic cultures in the Indo-Greek period.

* Hellenistic Astrology – An Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry outlining the development of Hellenistic astrology and its interaction with philosophical schools.

Since in Hellenistic astrology aspects were generally recognised from sign to sign, it is uncertain whether the distance of a planet from the exact degree of exaltation had much significance.

Triplicity rulerships were still fairly important in medieval astrology, but nowhere near as vital as they were for Hellenistic astrologers such as Ptolemy.

The Hermetic lots are a specific set of seven lots, each associated with one of the seven visible planets ( including the Sun and Moon ), that were attributed to the mythical figure Hermes Trismegistus in the Hellenistic tradition of astrology.

Thrasyllus was the author of an astrological text titled Pinax ( Table ), which is lost, but has been summarized in later sources ( CCAG of the Codices of the Greek Astrologers 8 / 3: 99-101 ) which borrows from astrological notions found in Nechepso / Petosiris ( see article on Hellenistic astrology ) and Hermes Trismegistus, early pseudepigraphical sources of astrology.

In Hellenistic astrology, the sign of the ram was mythologically associated with the golden winged ram that rescued Phrixos and his sister Helle from the altar where they were to be offered as a sacrifice to Zeus.

The terms " Eastern " and " Western " in this regard originated with divisions in the church mirroring the cultural divide between the Hellenistic east and Latinate west and the political divide between the weak Western and strong Eastern Roman empires.

Both these very good early references in Cicero ( most ancient Trismegistus material is from early centuries CE ) corroborate the view that Thrice-Great Hermes originated in Hellenistic Egypt through syncretism with Egyptian gods ( the Hermetica refer most often to Thoth and Amun ).

It originated as a Hellenistic temple, of which only fragments of stones survive.

Pottery originated mostly from settlements and from tumuli, but it rarely occurs in tombs, except in rare tombs of Hellenistic type.

Even Hellenistic literature exhibits two distinct tendencies, one rationalistic and scholarly, the other romantic and popular: the former originated in the schools of the Alexandrian sophists and culminated in the rhetorical romance, the latter rooted in the idyllic tendency of Theocritus and culminated in the idyllic novel.

Anacharsis the son of Gnurus, a Scythian chief, was half Greek and from a mixed Hellenistic culture, apparently in the region of the Cimmerian Bosporus.

Category: Historians from Hellenistic Anatolia

During the Hellenistic and Roman periods, many of the existing buildings in the area of the Acropolis were repaired, due to damage from age, and occasionally, war.

The second Abbasid caliph, Al Mansur ( 754 – 775 ) founded the city of Baghdad to act as a centre of learning, and included in its design a library-translation centre known as Bayt al-Hikma ‘ Storehouse of Wisdom ’, which continued to receive development from his heirs and was to provide a major impetus for Arabic-Persian translations of Hellenistic astrological texts.

The Antigonid dynasty ( Greek: Δυναστεία των Αντιγονιδών ) was a dynasty of Hellenistic kings descended from Alexander the Great's general Antigonus I Monophthalmus (" the One-eyed ").

Several intact arched stone bridges from the Hellenistic era can be found in the Peloponnese in southern Greece

The visions describe the national crisis that occurred under Antiochus IV Epiphanes, a Seleucid king who attempted to introduce Hellenistic religious practices, including the worship of idols, into the temple and the Jewish religion more generally, sparking outrage from Biblical authors.

The Macedonian king had suffered a disastrous defeat at the hands of the Romans in the Second Macedonian War ( 200-197 BC ), which had reduced him from a powerful Hellenistic monarch to the status of a petty client-king with a much-reduced territory and a tiny army.

Catullus's poetry was influenced by the innovative poetry of the Hellenistic Age, and especially by Callimachus and the Alexandrian school, which had propagated a new style of poetry that deliberately turned away from the classical epic poetry in the tradition of Homer.

He is also known for his involvement in the expulsion of Novatians and Jews from Alexandria and the murder of the Hellenistic philosopher Hypatia by Coptic monks.

Christianity is characterized by its claim to universality, which marks a significant break from current Jewish identity and thought, but has its roots in Hellenistic Judaism.

# An ancient Greek currency unit found in many Greek city states from Classical times on, as well as in many of Alexander's successor states and South-West Asian kingdoms during the Hellenistic era.

It refers primarily to the erudite, shorter hexameter poems of the Hellenistic period and the similar works composed at Rome from the age of the neoterics ; to a lesser degree, the term includes some poems of the English Renaissance, particularly those influenced by Ovid.

When Greek orthography was codified by grammarians in the Hellenistic era, they used a diacritic symbol derived from this half-H shape to signal the presence of / h /, and added as its counterpart a reverse-shaped diacritic to denote absence of / h /.

It contains epigrams ranging from the Hellenistic period through the Imperial period and Late Antiquity into the compiler's own Byzantine eraa thousand years of short elegiac texts on every topic under the sun.

He figures in the earliest extant cuneiform inscriptions throughout the region and was prominent from the third millennium down to Hellenistic times.

When Babrius set down fables from the Aesopica in verse for a Hellenistic Prince " Alexander ," he expressly stated at the head of Book II that this type of " myth " that Aesop had introduced to the " sons of the Hellenes " had been an invention of " Syrians " from the time of " Ninos " ( personifying Nineveh to Greeks ) and Belos (" ruler ").

Aristotle accepted the spherical shape of the Earth on empirical grounds around 330 BC, and knowledge of the spherical Earth gradually began to spread beyond the Hellenistic world from then on.

Koine Greek can be initially traced within the armies and conquered territories of Alexander the Great, but after the Hellenistic colonization of the known world, it was spoken from Egypt to the fringes of India.

Under the next three centuries of Hellenistic Egypt, the Coptic writing system evolved and the Library of Alexandria was opened, and this likely had an influence upon books of magic, with the trend on known incantations switching from simple health and protection charms to more specific things such as financial success and sexual fullfillment.

Some dishes can be traced back to ancient Greece: lentil soup, fasolada, retsina ( white or rosé wine flavored with pine resin ) and pasteli ( candy bar with sesame seeds baked with honey ); some to the Hellenistic and Roman periods: loukaniko ( dried pork sausage ); and Byzantium: feta cheese, avgotaraho ( cured fish roe ) and paximadi ( traditional hard bread baked from corn, barley and rye ).

Hannibal ’ s vision of military affairs, derived partly from the teaching of his Greek tutors and experience gained alongside his father, stretched over most of the Hellenistic World of his time.

As Christianity spread, it acquired certain members from well-educated circles of the Hellenistic world ; they sometimes became bishops, but not always.

Hellenistic Judaism spread to Ptolemaic Egypt from the 3rd century BCE.