The Church of England ( which until the 20th century included the Church in Wales ) initially separated from the Roman Catholic Church in 1538 in the reign of King Henry VIII, reunited in 1555 under Queen Mary I and then separated again in 1570 under Queen Elizabeth I ( the Roman Catholic Church excommunicated Elizabeth I in 1570 in response to the Act of Supremacy 1559 ).

Thus the only member churches of the present Anglican Communion existing by the mid-18th century were the Church of England, its closely linked sister church, the Church of Ireland ( which also separated from Roman Catholicism under Henry VIII ) and the Scottish Episcopal Church which for parts of the 17th and 18th centuries was partially underground ( it was suspected of Jacobite sympathies ).

Later on, when he became king in 1509, Henry VIII is supposed to have commissioned an English translation of a Life of Henry V so that he could emulate him, on the grounds that he thought that launching a campaign against France would help him to impose himself on the European stage.

In 1513, Henry VIII conclusively crossed the English Channel and stopped at Azincourt.

* 1513 – Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist pretender to the English throne, is executed on the orders of Henry VIII.

For instance, we read of Whiting, the last abbot of Glastonbury, judicially murdered by Henry VIII, that his house was a kind of well-ordered court, where as many as 300 sons of noblemen and gentlemen, who had been sent to him for virtuous education, had been brought up, besides others of a lesser rank, whom he fitted for the universities.

In the Church of England, the Bishop of Norwich, by royal decree given by Henry VIII, also holds the honorary title of " Abbot of St.

* 1513 – Battle of Guinegate ( Battle of the Spurs ) – King Henry VIII of England and his Imperial allies defeat French Forces who are then forced to retreat.

* Henry VIII,

Authority in the Roman Church is the exertion of that imperium from which England in the 16th century finally and decisively declared its national independence as the alter imperium, the " other empire ", of which Henry VIII declared " This realm of England is an empire " ...

During the English Reformation the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church, at first temporarily under Henry VIII and Edward VI and later permanently during the reign of Elizabeth I.

Since Henry VIII broke with Rome, the Archbishops of Canterbury have been selected by the English ( British since the Act of Union in 1707 ) monarch.

* 1509 – Henry VIII ascends the throne of England on the death of his father, Henry VII.

At the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1541 the priory's endowment went towards the foundation of a free grammar school, King Henry VIII Grammar School, the site itself passing to the Gunter family.

Chapter 28 of the 1535 Act of Henry VIII, which provided that Monmouth, as county town, should return one burgess to Parliament, further stated that other ancient Monmouthshire boroughs were to contribute towards the payment of the member.

* Lord Abergavenny is a character in William Shakespeare's play Henry VIII.

In 1546, King Henry VIII established the Council of the Marine, later to become the Navy Board, to oversee administrative affairs of the naval service.

The Lord Chancellor of England was almost always a bishop up until the dismissal of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey by Henry VIII.

The state, represented by the emperor Phocas, is persuaded to connive at the pope's assumption of spiritual authority ; the other churches are intimidated into acquiescence ; Lucifer's projects seem fully accomplished, when Heaven raises up Henry VIII of England and his son for their overthrow.

Henry VIII had used the site as a hunting lodge.

The word " bowls " occurs for the first time in the statute of 1511 in which Henry VIII confirmed previous enactments against unlawful games.

The work of producing English-language books for use in the liturgy was largely that of Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury at first under the reign of Henry VIII, only more radically under his son Edward VI.

Published in 1544, it borrowed greatly from Martin Luther's Litany and Myles Coverdale's New Testament and was the only service that might be considered to be " Protestant " to be finished within the lifetime of King Henry VIII.

Following a burglary, a murder, and two attempted murders in Adelaide during March 1838, Governor Hindmarsh created the South Australian Police Force ( now named South Australia Police ) in April 1838 under 21-year-old Henry Inman.

His fellow Knights of the Garter created in 1867 were Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland, Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Franz Joseph I of Austria and Alexander II of Russia.

This shift was best exemplified by the Liberal government of Herbert Henry Asquith and his Chancellor David Lloyd George, whose Liberal reforms in the early 1900s created a basic welfare state.

It was created on 23 August 1873 for the Liberal politician Henry Bruce.

The Bliss bibliographic classification ( BC ) is a library classification system that was created by Henry E. Bliss ( 1870 – 1955 ), published in four volumes between 1940 and 1953.

The marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to Henry of Anjou and Henry's subsequent succession to the throne of England created the Angevin empire.

* The Index ( journal ), a European propaganda journal created by Henry Hotze to support the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War

Famous writers and composers who have created works about her include: William Shakespeare ( Henry VI, Part 1 ), Voltaire ( The Maid of Orleans ), Friedrich Schiller ( The Maid of Orleans ), Giuseppe Verdi ( Giovanna d ' Arco ), Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( The Maid of Orleans ), Mark Twain ( Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc ), Arthur Honegger ( Jeanne d ' Arc au bûcher ), Jean Anouilh ( L ' Alouette ), Bertolt Brecht ( Saint Joan of the Stockyards ), George Bernard Shaw ( Saint Joan ), Maxwell Anderson ( Joan of Lorraine ), and Leonard Cohen ( Joan of Arc ).

Another Irish family were the O ' Shaughnessys, who were created knights in 1553 under the policy of Surrender and regrant ( first established by Henry VIII of England ).

To the north-west of the castle are earthworks marking the spot of the " Pleasance ", created in 1414 by Henry V. The Pleasance was a banqueting house built in the style of a miniature castle.

During the Restoration ( 1814 – 30 ), Louis XVIII and Charles X between them added 135 pieces at a cost of 720, 000 francs and created the department of Egyptian antiquities curated by Champollion, increased by more than 7, 000 works with the acquisition of antiquities in the Edmé-Antoine Durand, the Egyptian collection of Henry Salt or the second collection former by Bernardino Drovetti.

The history of Monopoly can be traced back to 1903, when an American woman named Elizabeth ( Lizzie ) J. Magie Phillips created a game through which she hoped to be able to explain the single tax theory of Henry George ( it was intended to illustrate the negative aspects of concentrating land in private monopolies ).

The Omphalos hypothesis was named after the title of an 1857 book, Omphalos by Philip Henry Gosse, in which Gosse argued that in order for the world to be " functional ", God must have created the Earth with mountains and canyons, trees with growth rings, Adam and Eve with hair, fingernails, and navels ( omphalos is Greek for " navel "), and that therefore no evidence that we can see of the presumed age of the earth and universe can be taken as reliable.

Contrary to popular belief, the so-called " Star Chamber Act " of King Henry VII's second Parliament ( 1487 ) did not actually empower the Star Chamber, but rather created a separate tribunal distinct from the King's general Council.

From 1138 onwards, Stephen gave them the earldoms of Worcester, Leicester, Hereford, Warwick and Pembroke, which — especially when combined with the possessions of Stephen's new ally, Prince Henry, in Cumberland and Northumbria — created a wide block of territory to act as a buffer zone between the troubled south-west, Chester and the rest of the kingdom.

Although Henry had specified a group of men to act as regents during Edward's minority, Edward Seymour, Edward's uncle, quickly seized complete control, and created himself Duke of Somerset on 15 February 1547.

* Newcastle-upon-Tyne created County Corporate by Henry IV.

Edwards also created, wrote and directed the 1959 TV series Peter Gunn, with music by Henry Mancini.

* September 1 – Lady Anne Boleyn is created Marquess of Pembroke by her fiancé, King Henry VIII of England.

Henry also came to an arrangement with Anne's Irish cousin and created him Earl of Ormond.

Saumur, however, and the Saumurois, for which King Henry IV had in 1589 created an independent military governor-generalship in favour of Duplessis-Mornay, continued till the Revolution to form a separate gouvernement, which included, besides Anjou, portions of Poitou and Mirebalais.

In 2004, post-modern choreographer David Gordon created a dance-theatre version of the play called Dancing Henry Five, which mixed William Walton's music written for the Olivier film, recorded speeches from the film itself and by Christopher Plummer, and commentary written by Gordon.

Also popular in the UK is Tewkesbury mustard, a blend of mustard and grated horseradish originally created in medieval times and mentioned by Shakespeare ( Falstaff says: " his wit's as thick as Tewkesbury Mustard " in Henry IV Part II ).

Following the reversion of the Earldom of Chester to the crown, in 1254 Henry III passed the Lordship of Chester ( but not the title of Earl ) to his son Edward, who as Edward I bestowed the Earldom of Chester on his son Edward when he created him the first Prince of Wales in 1301.

All three of these titles merged with the Principality in the same person after the personal union of the Scottish and English crowns in 1603 with the accession of James VI of Scotland as James I of England, with the first Prince of Wales to receive them being his son Henry Frederick ( subsequently an incorporating union created a single British crown in 1707 ).