Heraclius feigned retreat to lead the Persians to the plains before reversing his troops to the surprise of the Persians.

Heraclius II attempted to mount a counterattack, but he had to retreat to the last available positions in the outskirts of Tbilisi.

Doing so was often a public event, and sometimes accompanied by ceremonies ( such as the 7th century emperor Heraclius ordering 3 days ' public fast before a consultation as to whether or not he should advance or retreat against the Persians-he took the text that arose as divine instruction to winter in Albania ).

The canons of the Holy Sepulchre asked the king for advice, and Heraclius was chosen through Agnes ' influence.

Heraclius acquired food and fodder from the countryside, so Rhahzadh, following through countryside already stripped, could not easily find provisions.

Towards the end of Heraclius ' reign he obtained through his mother ’ s influence the title of Augustus on July 4, 638, and after his father ’ s death was proclaimed joint emperor with his older half-brother Constantine III ( Herakleios Constantine ).

The Muslims discovered Heraclius ' preparations at Shaizar through Roman prisoners.

The Theotokos ' intercession, asked through veneration and prayer before the icon, was credited with saving Constantinople from the Persians during the reign of Heraclius and later from the Arabs.

Heraclius ’ s primary objective in internal policy was to further centralize the government through reducing the powers of the aristocracy.

The last surviving Georgian artillery briefly held the advancing Persians to allow Heraclius II and his retinue of some 150 men to escape through the city to the mountains.

For the years 600 to 627 the author writes as a contemporary historian-that is, through the last years of emperor Maurice, the reign of Phocas, and the first seventeen years of the reign of Heraclius.

Her mother ’ s family belonged to the untitled Polish aristocracy, although one of Leonida's two lines of descent from Georgia's penultimate king Erekle II ( Heraclius II ) is through her mother, a descendant of the king's daughter, Princess Anastasia, who married an Eristavi prince.

Heraclius is left to fight alone against the Vandals ; after a 2-year campaign in the desert he returns to Constantinople.

While the city withstood a siege, Heraclius campaigned deep into Persian territory and briefly restored the status quo in 628, when the Persians surrendered all their conquests.

In 630, Emperor Heraclius marched triumphantly into Jerusalem and restored the True Cross to the rebuilt Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

Of particular note was the translation of the Latin Imperator into the Greek Basileus, after Emperor Heraclius changed the official language of the empire from Roman to Greek in 620 AD.

Heraclius drove the Persians out of Asia Minor and pushed deep into their territory, defeating them decisively in 627 at the Battle of Nineveh.

* Autumn – winter – The Byzantine general Heraclius, brother of Tiberius III, launches a campaign into Syria, defeats an army from Antioch and raids as far as Samosata.

In 635, Kubrat signed a peace treaty with emperor Heraclius of the Byzantine Empire, expanding the Bulgar kingdom further into the Balkans.

By the early 7th century, the official government language segued into Greek during the lengthy reign of Heraclius ( 610 – 641 ).

The death of Heraclius in 641 had thrown the political situation in Constantinople into chaos, and his young grandson Constans II eventually succeeded him.

His position as the personal secretary to Heraclius has been taken as an indication that Maximus was born into Byzantine nobility.

Princeps, because of its republican connotation, was most commonly used to refer to the emperor in Latin ( although the emperor's actual constitutional position was essentially " pontifex maximus with tribunician power and imperium superseding all others ") as it was in keeping with the façade of the restored Republic ; the Greek word basileus (" king ") was modified to be synonymous with emperor ( and primarily came into favour after the reign of Heraclius ) as the Greeks had no republican sensibility and openly viewed the emperor as a monarch.

Emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus claimed that Porga, duke of the Dalmatian Croats, who had been invited into Dalmatia by Heraclius, sent to Emperor Heraclius for Christian teachers.

Furthermore, its illegality paled into insignificance beside Heraclius ' marriage to his niece Martina the same year.

Furthermore, the ascendency of Heraclius in 610, in Constantinople, who truly emphasized the Laventine, and Greek nature of what remained of the Roman Empire, may have contributed to turning the Eastern Roman Empire into the medieval Byzantine Empire.

This idea was not completely new ; centuries before, Heraclius had reorganized the empire's land into military districts called Themata.

The title appears to have slowly crept into imperial titelature after that: Emperor Heraclius is attested as using it alongside the long-established Autokratōr Kaisar in a letter to Kavadh II in 628.

Still, Heraclius continued to seek firmer alliance with Russia, his immediate motivation being the Persian ruler Karim Khan ’ s attempts to bring Georgia back into the Persian sphere of influence.

Karim Khan ’ s death in 1779 temporarily relieved Heraclius of these dangers, as Persia again became engulfed into chaos.

In the Treaty of Georgievsk of 1783, Heraclius finally obtained the guarantees he had sought from Russia, transforming Georgia into a Russian protectorate, as Heraclius formally repudiated all legal ties to Persia and placed his foreign policy under the Russian supervision.

Heraclius refused, and in September 1795, the Persian army of 35, 000 moved into Georgia.

Despite being left on his devices, Heraclius still cherished a dream of establishing, with Russian protection, a strong and united monarchy, into which the western Georgian Kingdom of Imereti and the lost provinces under Ottoman rule would all eventually be drawn.

Saladin was generous and freed some of those who were forced into slavery ; his brother Saphadin did the same, and both Balian and Heraclius freed many others with their own money.

The Eastern general Heraclius of Edessa lands with a force on the Libyan coast east of Carthage and advances from Tripolitania.

Heraclius had set out to much of his Empire from the Persians and had attempted to bridge the controversy with Monophysitism, which was particularly strong in Syria and Egypt, by proposing a moderate theological position that had as good support in the tradition as any other.

However, on the death of Emperor Heraclius and the ascension of Emperor Constans II, Pyrrhus returned to Constantinople and recanted of his acceptance of the Dyothelite (" two wills ") position.

Heraclius, son to the exarch of Africa, set sail for the city and assumed the purple.

When Patriarch Amalric died on 6 October 1180, the two most obvious choices for his successor were William of Tyre and Heraclius of Caesarea.

In this condemnation were included not only the Ecthesis ( the exposition of faith of the Patriarch Sergius for which the emperor Heraclius had stood sponsor ), but also the typus of Paul, the successor of Sergius, which had the support of the reigning Emperor ( Constans II ).

Despite a number of reforms, the Legion system survived the fall of the Western Roman Empire, and was continued in the Eastern Roman Empire until around 7th century, when reforms begun by Emperor Heraclius to counter the increasing need for soldiers around the Empire resulted in the Theme system.

Patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem organised, and contributed to a collection which paid the ransoms for about 18, 000 of the poorer citizens, leaving another 15, 000 to be enslaved, Saladins brother al-Adil, " asked Saladin for a thousand of them for his own use and then released them on the spot.

* At request of Porga of Croatia, one of the first known princes () of Dalmatian Croatia to Emperor Heraclius for Christian teachers, Pope John IV ( 640 – 642 ) sent Christian teachers and missionaries to the Croatian Provinces.

* William of Tyre is excommunicated by the newly appointed Heraclius of Jerusalem, firmly ending their struggle for power.

His full name was Yuhanna ( or Yanah ) ibn Mansur ibn Sarjun (), named for his grandfather Mansur, who had been responsible for the taxes of the region under the Emperor Heraclius.

When Patriarch Amalric died on 6 October 1180, the two most obvious choices for his successor were William and Heraclius of Caesarea.

It seems that the canons of the Holy Sepulchre were unable to decide, and asked the king for advice ; due to Agnes ' influence, Heraclius was elected.

Heraclius ' campaigns altered the balance, forcing the Persians on the defensive and allowing for the Byzantines to regain momentum.

* 1185: Heraclius of Caesarea calls for the Third Crusade from the still-incomplete cathedral.

Most notable amongst the supporters of this thesis was George Ostrogorsky who based this opinion on an extract from the chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor mentioning the arrival of Heraclius " in the lands of the themes " for the year 622.

* ( Basileus ), Greek for King, popularly used in the east to refer to the emperor ; a formal title of the Roman emperor beginning with Heraclius

To Heraclius ' son, Constantine III, John addressed his apology for Pope Honorius I, in which he deprecated the attempt to connect the name of Honorius with Monothelism.

In 629 CE Emperor Heraclius, having changed the official language to Greek nine years earlier, adopted the title of basileus, previously used by Alexander the Great as a translations for emperor and it is thereafter used interchangeably ( and often in conjunction with ) autokrator in the Byzantine Empire.

Meanwhile Heraclius prepared for a counterattack and rebuilt his army.

Seriously alarmed by the series of setbacks, Heraclius prepared for a counterattack to reacquire the lost regions.