Herodotus describes how Amasis II would eventually cause a confrontation with the Persian armies.

According to Herodotus, Amasis, was asked by Cambyses II or Cyrus the Great for an Egyptian ophthalmologist on good terms.

Amasis worrying that his daughter would be a concubine to the Persian king refused to give up his offspring ; Amasis also was not willing to take on the Persian empire so he concocted a trickery in which he forced the daughter of the ex-pharaoh Apries, whom Herodotus explicitly confirms to have been killed by Amasis, to go to Persia instead of his own offspring.

Herodotus also describes that just like his predecessor, Amasis II relied on Greek mercenaries and council men.

One such figure was Phanes of Halicarnassus, who would later on leave Amasis, for reasons Herodotus does not clearly know but suspects were personal between the two figures.

Herodotus relates that under his prudent administration, Egypt reached a new level of wealth ; Amasis adorned the temples of Lower Egypt especially with splendid monolithic shrines and other monuments ( his activity here is proved by existing remains ).

Herodotus who visited Egypt less than a century after Amasis II's death writes that:

Herodotus also relates the desecration of Ahmose II / Amasis ' mummy when the Persian king Cambyses conquered Egypt and thus ended the 26th Saite dynasty:

There, according to Herodotus he visited the Pharaoh of Egypt Amasis II.

According to Herodotus, Amasis thought Polycrates was too successful, and advised him to throw away whatever he valued most in order to escape a reversal of fortune.

According to Herodotus, he had a son named Amasis and a wife and daughter, both unnamed in historical documents.

In the northern section were found several temple ruins ( E: Temple of Hera, F: Temple of Apollo & G: Temple of Dioscuri ) including what may be Herodotus ' Hellenion discovered by Hogarth in 1899 ( directly east of F .) " None of the votive pottery found here need have arrived earlier than the reign of Amasis, so it may well be that the Hellenion was founded as the result of his reorganization of the status of Naucratis, while the independent sanctuaries ... are of the earlier years of the town.

His oracular shrine in Abae in Phocis, where he bore the toponymic epithet Abaeus (, Apollon Abaios ) was important enough to be consulted by Croesus ( Herodotus, 1. 46 ).

He was buried at the royal necropolis of Sais, and while his tomb was never discovered, Herodotus describes it for us:

According to Herodotus, when Anacharsis returned to the Scythians he was killed by his own brother for his Greek ways and especially for the impious attempt to sacrifice to the Mother Goddess Cybele, whose cult was unwelcome among the Scythians.

Aegina, according to Herodotus, was a colony of Epidaurus, to which state it was originally subject.

# Herodotus nowhere states or implies that peace was concluded between the two states before 481 BC, nor does he distinguish between different wars during this period.

Herodotus had no Athenian victories to record after the initial success, and the fact that Themistocles was able to carry his proposal to devote the surplus funds of the state to the building of so large a fleet seems to imply that the Athenians were themselves convinced that a supreme effort was necessary.

Herodotus ( Histories iv. 189 ) thought he had identified the source of the ægis in Libya, which was always a distant territory of ancient magic for the Greeks:

Androphagi ( Ancient Greek: " Ἀνδροφάγοι " for " man-eaters ") was an ancient nation of cannibals north of Scythia ( according to Herodotus ), probably in the forests between the upper waters of the Dnepr and Don.

The earliest bestiary in the form in which it was later popularized was an anonymous 2nd century Greek volume called the Physiologus, which itself summarized ancient knowledge and wisdom about animals in the writings of classical authors such as Aristotle's Historia Animalium and various works by Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, Solinus, Aelian and other naturalists.

Herodotus, who has been called the ' Father of History ', was born in 484 BC in Halicarnassus, Asia Minor ( then under Persian overlordship ).

Nevertheless, Thucydides chose to begin his history where Herodotus left off ( at the Siege of Sestos ), and may therefore have felt that Herodotus's history was accurate enough not to need re-writing or correcting.

A negative view of Herodotus was passed on to Renaissance Europe, though he remained well read.

There does, however, seem to have been a delay between the Athenian arrival at Marathon, and the battle ; Herodotus, who evidently believed that Miltiades was eager to attack, may have made a mistake whilst seeking to explain this delay.

Herodotus does not estimate the size of the Persian army, only saying that they were a " large infantry that was well packed ".

Herodotus suggests that this was the first time a Greek army ran into battle in this way ; this was probably because it was the first time that a Greek army had faced an enemy composed primarily of missile troops.

Among the most notable were the historians Herodotus ( 484 – 425 ), who described the Greco-Persian Wars ; Thucydides ( 460 – 395 ), who wrote the great History of the Peloponnesian War ; and Xenophon ( 427 – 335 ), who, although sometimes considered a partial and poorly documented writer, in the opinion of historians left a useful source of information about the first years of the 4th century BC.

But by the times of Darius the Great Persian full control on the region must have suffered a partial setback, since we never hear their name in Herodotus or in Persian inscriptions in the lists of peoples and territories being part of the empire.

Herodotus explicitly tells us that the Greeks attacked the Persians ( and the other sources confirm this ), but it is not clear why they did this before the arrival of the Spartans.

Indeed, based on their previous experience of the Greeks, the Persians might be excused for this ; Herodotus tells us that the Athenians at Marathon were " first to endure looking at Median dress and men wearing it, for up until then just hearing the name of the Medes caused the Hellenes to panic ".

Moreover, Thucydides developed a historical topic more in keeping with the Greek lifestyle-the polis or city-state-whereas the interplay of civilizations was more relevant to Asiatic Greeks ( such as Herodotus himself ), for whom life under foreign rule was a recent memory.

Herodotus of Halicarnassus says of the Phocaeans that " it was they who made the Greeks acquainted with ...

Herodotus reported a temple to her in Egypt supposedly attached to a floating island called " Khemmis " in Buto, which also included a temple to an Egyptian god Greeks identified by interpretatio graeca as Apollo.

There, Herodotus was given to understand, the goddess whom Greeks recognised as Leto was worshipped in the form of Wadjet, the cobra-headed goddess of Lower Egypt.

During this time, he conducted important research for his history, having claimed that he pursued the project as he thought it would be one of the greatest wars waged among the Greeks in terms of scale. Purported bust of Herodotus

Other writers, such as Herodotus, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Pausanias, and Eutropius, describe them as Greeks.

They are first mentioned in the writings of the Ancient Greeks, in Herodotus ( Histories Book IV XCIII: " the noblest as well as the most just of all the Thracian tribes ") and Thucydides ( Peloponnesian Wars, Book II: " border on the Scythians and are armed in the same manner, being all mounted archers ").

According to Herodotus, two more ships defected from the Persians to the Greeks, one before Artemisium and one before Salamis, so the total complement at Salamis would have been 368 ( or 380 ).

When Herodotus wrote his Histories in the 5th century BC, Greeks distinguished Scythia Minor in present-day Romania and Bulgaria from a Greater Scythia that extended eastwards for a 20-day ride from the Danube River, across the steppes of today's East Ukraine to the lower Don basin.

Furthermore, the Greeks were very aware of their tribal origins ; Herodotus was able to extensively categorise the city-states by tribe.

Cadmus was credited by the ancient Greeks ( Herodotus is an example ) with introducing the original Alphabet or Phoenician alphabet -- phoinikeia grammata, " Phoenician letters " -- to the Greeks, who adapted it to form their Greek alphabet.

Though later Greeks like Herodotus dated Cadmus's role in the founding myth of Thebes to well before the Trojan War ( or, in modern terms, during the Aegean Bronze Age ), this chronology conflicts with most of what is now known or thought to be known about the origins and spread of both the Phoenician and Greek alphabets.

According to Herodotus, when Anacharsis ( 6th century BCE ) returned to Scythia after traveling and acquiring knowledge among the Greeks, his brother, the Scythian King, put him to death for joining Cybele's cult.

Herodotus also mentions an earlier poet Arion, who had amassed a fortune on a visit to Italy and Sicily, so maybe Simonides wasn't the first professional poet, as claimed by the Greeks themselves.

The Midas of the late 8th century BC had a Greek wife and strong ties to the Greeks, which suggests it was he who made the offering ; but Herodotus also says Gyges of Lydia, a contemporary of that Midas, was " the first foreigner since Midas " to make an offering at Delphi, which suggests Herodotus believed the throne was donated by the more ancient Midas.

According to Herodotus ( 3. 131 ), the physicians of Croton were considered the foremost among the Greeks, among which Democedes son of Calliphon was the most prominent in the 6th century BCE Accordingly, he traveled around Greece and ended up working in the court of Polycrates, tyrant of Samos.

In 480 BCE, Croton sent a ship in support of the Greeks at the Battle of Salamis ( Herodotus 8. 47 ), but the victory of Locri and Rhegium over Croton in the same year marked the beginning of its decline.

According to Herodotus the Greeks of the Hellespont and the Black Sea tell that Zalmoxis was a slave on Samos of Pythagoras, son of Mnesarchos.

Being called Buto by the Greeks during Ptolemaic Egypt, a Greek dynasty ruling from 305 to 30 BC, it was the capital town, or according to Herodian, merely the principal village of the Nile Delta, which Herodotus ( l. c .) calls the Chemmite nome ; Ptolemy, the Phthenothite nome (, iv.

Herodotus records that an oracle-shrine of Dionysus ( originally a Thracian god whose cult became widespread among the ancient Greeks ) was located atop one of its mountains.