As a follower of Artemis, Callisto, who Hesiod said was the daughter of Lycaon, king of Arcadia, took a vow to remain a virgin, as did all the nymphs of Artemis.

The first references to hosiery can be found in works of Hesiod, where Romans are said to have used leather or cloth in forms of strips to cover their lower body parts.

Although his work now only survives in fragments, he was revered by the ancient Greeks as one of their most brilliant authors, able to be mentioned in the same breath as Homer and Hesiod, yet he was also censured by them as the archetypal poet of blame — his invectives were even said to have driven his former fiancee and her father to suicide.

Hesiod said that Momus was a son of Night ( Nyx ).

The materials are said to be taken almost wholly from Aristotle's Meteorologica, from the work of Theophrastus, On Weather Signs, and from Hesiod.

1837 ), in which he maintained that the mythology of Homer and Hesiod came from an Eastern source through the Pelasgians, and reflected the symbolism of an ancient revelation ; as a reconciliation with Judeo-Christian religion, it was, Walter Burkert has said, "" the last large-scale and thoroughly unavailing endeavor of this kind.

In the Theogony of Hesiod Demeter was united with the hero Iasion in Crete and she bore Ploutos.

According to the myth, Pandora opened a jar ( pithos ), in modern accounts sometimes mistranslated as " Pandora's box " ( see below ), releasing all the evils of mankind — although the particular evils, aside from plagues and diseases, are not specified in detail by Hesiod — leaving only Hope inside once she had closed it again.

In this version of the myth ( lines 60 – 105 ), Hesiod expands upon her origin, and moreover widens the scope of the misery she inflicts on mankind.

When described as a Nereid in Classical myths, Thetis was the daughter of Nereus and Doris ( Hesiod, Theogony ), and a granddaughter of Tethys with whom she sometimes shares characteristics.

This goddess of Dawn is honoured because of the qualities she has, especially in harvest time when the Greeks harvest during dawn ( Hesiod, Works and Days, ll.

According to Hesiod, by Perses she had a daughter Hecate.

Although to Hesiod, she was an immortal and ageless nymph, according to Apollodorus, Echidna used to " carry off passers-by ", until she was finally killed where she slept by Argus Panoptes, the hundred-eyed giant.

In this version of the myth ( lines 60 – 105 ), Hesiod expands upon her origin, and moreover widens the scope of the misery she inflicts on mankind.

Nemesis has been described as the daughter of Oceanus or Zeus, but according to Hesiod she was a child of Erebus and Nyx.

Although Dione was not mentioned as a Titan by Hesiod, but she appears instead in his Theogony among the long list of Oceanids.

According to Hesiod, she was the personification of misery and sadness, and as such she was represented on the shield of Heracles: pale, emaciated, and weeping, with chattering teeth, swollen knees, long nails on her fingers, bloody cheeks, and her shoulders thickly covered with dust.

Homer and Hesiod suggest that Poseidon became lord of the sea following the defeat of his father Kronos, when the world was divided by lot among his three sons ; Zeus was given the sky, Hades the underworld, and Poseidon the sea, with the Earth and Mount Olympus belonging to all three.

Certain vase paintings dated to the 5th century BC likewise indicate that the pre-Hesiodic myth of the goddess Pandora endured for centuries after the time of Hesiod.

She is the goddess of the daytime and, according to Hesiod, the daughter of Erebos and Nyx ( the goddess of night ).

Hyginus lists their children as Uranus, Gaia, and Thalassa ( the primordial sea goddess ), while Hesiod only lists Thalassa as their child.

According to Hesiod, Phobetor is the son of Nyx, the primordial goddess of the Night, produced parthenogenetically, or as Cicero claims, with Erebus, the embodiment of Darkness.

Thanatos was loosely associated with the three Moirai ( for Hesiod, also daughters of Night ), particularly Atropos, who was a goddess of death in her own right.

According to Hesiod, Nyx, the primordial goddess of the Night, produced the " tribe of Dreams " () parthenogenetically, though Cicero says that Dreams were the children of Night and Erebus, the embodiment of Darkness.

Hesiod and Stesichorus tell the story according to which after her death Iphigenia was divinised under the name of Hecate, fact which would support the assumption that Artemis Tauropolos had a real ancient alliance with the heroine, who was her priestess in Taurid and her human paragon.

According to the Archaic Greek poet Hesiod, Hecate originally had power over the heavens, land, and sea, not as in the later tradition heaven, earth, and underworld.

Ammonius asks Plutarch what he, being a Boeotian, has to say for Cadmus, the Phoenician who reputedly settled in Thebes and introduced the alphabet to Greece, placing alpha first because it is the Phoenician name for ox — which, unlike Hesiod, the Phoenicians considered not the second or third, but the first of all necessities.

Hesiod states that the genitals " were carried over the sea a long time, and white foam arose from the immortal flesh ; with it a girl grew.

In Greece, Hesiod, Aristotle and Xenophon promoted agrarian ideas.

The latter poem in fact paraphrases verses from Hesiod, re-casting them in Asclepiad meter and Aeolian dialect.

Hesiod describes Alcmene as the tallest, most beautiful woman with wisdom surpassed by no person born of mortal parents.

* Hesiod.

Lastly, his Mouseion ( a word invoking the Muses ) seems to have contained the narrative of the Contest of Homer and Hesiod, of which the version that has survived is the work of a grammarian in the time of Hadrian, based on Alcidamas.

West ( 1967 ) for Alcidamas ' invention of the contest of Homer and Hesiod, N. J. Richardson ( 1981 ) against

Deimos, " Terror " or " Dread ", and Phobos, " Fear ", are his companions in war and also his children, borne by Aphrodite, according to Hesiod.

Some evidence is found in Hesiod.

* Hesiod.

After Zeus had seduced Kallisto, Lykaon, pretending not to know of the matter, entertained Zeus, as Hesiod says, and set before him on the table the babe which he had cut up.

In the following stage, the poets Hesiod and Homer attempt to enumerate the Gods ; Hesiod's Theogony giving the number of twelve.

In Hesiod, prayers to Zeus-Chthonios ( chthonic Zeus ) and Demeter help the crops grow full and strong.

Plato's work Timaeus is a philosophical reconciliation of Hesiod's cosmology in his Theogony, syncretically reconciling Hesiod to Homer.

Erasmus is also generally credited with originating the phrase " Pandora's box ", arising through an error in his translation of Pandora by Hesiod in which he confused " pithos ", storage jar, with " pyxis ", box.

According to Hesiod by Tithonus Eos had two sons, Memnon and Emathion.

Both Homer and Hesiod described a flat disc cosmography on the shield of Achilles.

The consensus is that " the Iliad and the Odyssey date from around the 8th century BC, the Iliad being composed before the Odyssey, perhaps by some decades ," i. e. earlier than Hesiod, the Iliad being the oldest work of Western literature.